(完整版)英语常用考研词汇

1

、经济贸易类

1.

改革产业结构

reform the structure of

industries

2.

亏损企业

loss

-

making enterprises

3.

搞活企业

enliven enterprises

4.

加快现代化步伐

quicken the

modernization drive

5.

跨国公司

transnational corporation /

multinational corporation

6.

乡镇企业

township enterprises

7.

国有企业

state

-

owned enterprises

8.

合资企业

joint ventures

9.

解放生产力

emancipate/ liberate

productivity

10.

振兴国家经济

invigorate our state

economy

11.

实行股份制

introduce the shareholding

system

12.

全面深化改革

deepen reform all round

13.

提高经济效益

improve economic results

14.

增进效益

increase economic returns

15.

宏观经济调控

macro

-

economic control

and management

16.

经济实力

economic strength

17.

经济转轨

economic transformation

18.

经营机制

operative mechanism

19.

整顿经济秩序

rectify economic order

20.

引进竞争机制

introduce a competitive

mechanism

21.

建立技术密集型企业

set up

technologically

-

i ntensive enterprises

22.

招商引资

canvass business and

introduce investment

23.

房地产

real estate

24.

经济特区

special economic zone

25.

基础设施

infrastructure facilities

26.

豆腐渣工程

jerry

-

built projects

27.

投资热点

investment hot spot

28.

外向型经济

export

-

oriented economy

29.

按劳分配

distribute according to the

work performance

30.

打破平均主义

break / abandon

equalitarian

31.

沿海开放城市

open coastal cities

32.

保税区

bonded zone/ area

33.

金融改革

banking system

34.

国民生产总值

Gross National Product

35.

扶贫项目

anti

-

poverty project

36.

下海经商

plunge into the private

business

37.

协调发展

coordinate the development

38.

住房改革

housing reform

39.

社会保障体系

social security system

40.

数字时代

digital times

41.

信息高速公路

the information

superhighway

42.

虚拟社区

virtual communities

43. “

菜蓝子

”

< br>工程

the “shopping

-

basket”

project ( the non

-

staple food project)

44.

拳头产品

knock

-

out products/

competitive products

45.

市场萧条

slack market

46.

中国质量万里行

China’s Long March

to Quality campaign

47.

冒牌产品

fake brand

-

name products

48.

假冒伪劣商品

fake and poor quality

commodities

49.

谋取暴力

reap colossal profits

50.

提出索赔

lodge a claim

51.

投诉

lodge complaint

52.

贸易争端

trade disputes

53.

乱收费

random charges

54.

市场疲软

sluggish market

55 .

贸易顺差

favorable trade balance

56.

贸易逆差

unfavorable trade balance

57.

实行优惠政策

launch a preferential

policy

58.

繁荣市场

flourish the market

59.

加入世贸组织

accession to the WTO/

entry into the WTO

60.

最惠国待遇

Most

-

Favored

-

Nation

treatment

61.

消费者协会

consumer’s association

62.

消费者购买力

consumer purchasing

power

63.

新兴市场

emerging market

64.

抑制消费

control / inhibit consumption

65.

无形资产

intangible assets

66.

有形资产

tangible assets

67.

市场占有率

market share

68.

严重违约

grave breach of contract

69.

泡沫经济

bubble economy

70.

品牌效应

brand effect

71.

企业重组

reshuffle of enterprises

72.

贸易壁垒

trade barrier

73.

人才流失

brain drain

74.

清理

“

三角债

” break up the debt chain

75.

企业文化

corporate culture

76.

商业炒作

commercial speculation

77.

扩大内需，刺激消费

expand domestic

demand and consumption

78.

拉动经济增长

fuel economic growth

79.

连锁反应

chain reaction / domino

effect

80.

竞争优势

competitive edge

81.

经济结构调整

economic restructuring

82.

经济增长点

economic growth point

growth engine

83.

经济过热

overheated economy

84.

经济滑坡

economic downturn

85.

集约化经营

intensive management

86.

灰色收入

gray income

87.

福利分房

welfare

-

oriented public

housing distribution system

88.

分期付款

installment payment

89.

从粗放经济转变为集约经济

shift

from extensive economy to intensive economy

90.

按揭购房

buy a house on a mortgage

mortgage a house

91.

边际效益

marginal benefit

92.

不良贷款

non

-

performing loan

93.

裁减冗员

lay off redundant staff; cut

down on overstaffing

94.

产品更新换代

upgrade of products

95.

创业园

high

-

tech business incubator;

pioneer park

96.

促进全球经济一体化

foster integration

with the global economy

97.

家庭联产承包责任制

household

contract responsibility system

98.

人才战

competition for talented people

99.

脱贫致富

shake/cast off poverty and set

out a road to prosperity

100.

资源优化配置

optimizing the

allocation of resources

2

、政治类

101.

不正之风

bad / harmful practice

102.

霸权主义

hegemonism

103.

奔小康

strive for a better

-

off life

104.

论资排辈

assign priority according to

seniority

105.

持续发展

sustainable development

106.

重复建设

redundant project

107.

大锅饭

egalitarian practice ( of everyone

taking food from the same big pot)

108.

多极化

multi

< br>-

polarization

109.

科学技术是第一生产力

Science and

technology are the primary productive force.

110.

机构臃肿

overstaffing in organization

111.

机构改革

institutional restructuring;

streamlining

112.

反腐倡廉

fight corruption and build a clean

government

113.

窗口行业

service trade

114.

核心竞争力

core competitiveness

115.

减员增效

downsizing of staff and

improving efficiency

116.

减轻农民负担

reduce farmer’s burdens;

lighten the burden on them

117.

跨越式发展

great

-

leap

-

forwar d

development

118.

跨世纪发展

trans

-

century project

119.

民主集中制

democratic centralism

120.

讲诚信﹑反欺诈

honor credibility and

oppose cheating

121.

强权外交

power diplomacy

122.

人浮于事

overstaffing

123.

侵吞公款

embezzle public funds

124.

群带关系

networking through petticoat

influence

125.

求同存异

seek common ground on major

issues while shelving differences on minor ones

126.

滥用权力

abuse one’s power; misuse one’s

authority

127.

廉政建设

build a clean and honest

government

128.

三步走战略

the three

-

step development

strategy

129.

三讲教育

three emphases

education—emphasize theoretical study, political

awareness and good conduct

130.

三峡工程

Three gorges project

131.

贪污腐化

corruption and degeneration

132.

思想僵硬

fossilized concept

133.

西部开发

the development of China’s west

134.

发展是硬道理

Development is an

invariable truth

135.

坚持四项基本原则

uphold the four

cardinal principles

136.

地方保护主义

regional protectionism

137.

拜金主义

money worship

138.

行贿受贿

give and take bribery

139.

走后门

get in by the back door / enter by

the back door

140.

和平演变

peaceful evolution

141.

贪脏枉法

take bribes and bend the law

142.

以权谋私

abusing power for money

143.

拉关系

try to establish a relationship with

sb.

144.

权钱交易

trading power for money

145.

扫黄运动

anti

-

pornography campaign

146.

公款吃喝

enjoy banquet on public funds

147. “

一国两制

”

的原则

< br>

the principle of “one

country, two systems:”

148.

两大主题

two principle themes

149.

坚持一个中国立场

stick to one

-

China

position

150.

全国人民代表大会

National People’s

Congress

151.

与国际接轨

synchronize with the world;