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辨析词语
1.
on the street / in the street
美国多用
on the street,
在英国多用
in the street.
We have a house in the
street.
I
met him on the street.
2.
would like / like
like
意思是
“
喜欢
”
,
“
爱好
”
,
would like
意思是
“
p>
想要
”
。
试比较:
I like beer.=I’m fon
d of
beer.
I’d like a glass of beer= I
want a glass of beer.
Do
you like going to the cinema?
Would you like to go to the cinema
tonight?
3. another / the
other
(1)another
通常用于三个或三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或物体。
May I have another apple, please?
This coat is
too small for me. Please show me another
(2)the other
通常指两者中的另一个。例如:
He
has two rulers. One is short. The other is long.
I hav
e two
brothers. One works in Xi’
an . The
other works in Beijing.
4.
have to /must
(1)have
to
和
must
< br>都可以用来谈论义务,
但用法略有不同。
如果某人主观上
觉得必须去做而又想去时,
常用
must
。如果谈论某种来自
“
外界
”
的义务,常用
have
to
。例如:
I must
stop smoking.
我必须戒烟。(自己想戒烟)
They have to work for the boss.
< br>他们不得不为那个老板工作。(条件逼得他们去工作)
(2)have to
可用于多种时态,
must
只能用于一般现在时。例如:
I’ll have to get up early tomorrow
morning.
明天早晨我必须早早起床。
We had to work long hours every day in
order to get more
money.
为了多挣钱,我们不得不每天长时间地工作。
(3)
用于否定句时,
mustn’
t
意思是
“
决不能
”
,
“
禁止
”
,而
don’t have to
意思是
“
不必
”
,相当于
needn’t
。
例如:<
/p>
You mustn’t be late again
next time.
下一次你决不能再迟到。
You don’t have
to go there today. You can go th
ere
tomorrow.
你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。
5. hear sb. or sth. / herar sb. or
sth. do sth.
hear sb. or sth.
意思是
“
听到某人或某物在做某事
”
,
而
hear sb. or
sth. do sth.
意思是
“
听
到某人或
某物做过某事
”
。试比较:<
/p>
I hear him singing an English
song.
我听见他在唱英歌曲。
I heard him
sing an English
song.
我听见他唱一首英文歌。
类似
hear
这种用法的还有
see, watch,
feel
等感官动词。
6. any
/some
any
和
some
< br>都可以同不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式连用,但
some
一般用在肯定句中;
any
用在
疑
问句和否定句中。试比较:
I want some
money.
Have you any
money?
I don’t have any money. some
有时也用于疑问句,表示说话人期待一个肯定回答或鼓励人家
说
“
是
”
。例
如:
Would you like some more
beer?
请你再来点啤酒好吗?
Could I have some rice, please?
请给我来点米饭好吗?
7.
hear /listen to
listen to
和
hear
都有
“
听
”
的意思,
< br>但含义有所不同。
Listen to
强调
“
听
”
的动作,
hear
强调
“
听
p>
”
的结果。
例如:
Listen to me ,please! I’m going to tell
you a story.
Listen! Can
you hear someone crying in the next room?
I listened, but heard
nothing.
hear
后面
如果接宾语从句,常常表示
“
听说
”<
/p>
。例如:
I hear some
foreign students will visit our
school.
我听说一些外国学生将要访问我们学校。
I hear there is going to be a film in
our school this
evening.
我听说今晚我们学校要演一场电影。
8. Let’s… /
Let us…
“Let's
”
用于提出建议,其中“
us
”包括对方在内。
如:
Let's go.
我们走吧!<
/p>
(说话人提议对方和自己一起走,
若要变成反意问句,
应在这个句型后加
shall
we,
表示进一步征求对方的意见。
例如:
Let's start early,shall we ?
我们早点动身
,
好吗
?
Let’s go shopping, shall we?
我们去购物好吗?
“
Let us
”
中的“
Let
”等于“
Allow
”(允许),这时“
Let us...
”
=
“
Please allow
us to do...
”,请求
对方允许自己干某事,这时“
us
”不包括对方在内。例如:
Let us go.
让我们走吧
!
(
请求对方让我们走,
而不是我们
和对方一起走,
这句话等于
Please allow us
to
go.
)如:
Let us have a try.
让我们试试吧。
(请求对方允许我们一试,
而不是双方一起试,
这句话等于
Please allow
us to
have a try.
)若要将以
Let us
开头的句型变成反意问句,应在后面加
will you ,
表示进一步征求对
方意见。例如:
Let us
have another try,will you ?
请让我们再试一试,
行吗?
Let
us go in,will you ?
让我们进去,
行吗?
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