上海市上海交通大学附中2016-2017学年高二下学期期末英语试题(含答案解析)

上海市上海交通大学附中

2016-2017

学年高二下学期期末

英语试题

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

(A)

Directions:

After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the

passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given

word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the

other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

To Kill A Mockingbird (Excerpt I)

By Harper Lee

I was fairly sure Boo Radley was inside that house, but I couldn

’

t

prove it, and felt it best to keep my mouth shut or I would be accused

____1____ believing in Hot Steams, phenomena I was immune to in the

daytime.

Jem parceled out our roles: I was Mrs. Radley, and ____2____ I had to

do was come out and sweep the porch. Dill was old : he walked

up and down the sidewalk and coughed when Jem spoke to him. Jem,

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1

naturally, was Boo: he went under the front steps and screamed from time

to time.

___3___ the summer progressed, so did our game. We polished and

perfected it, and added dialogue and plot until we had manufactured a

small play upon which we rang changes every day.

Dill was a villain

’

s villain: he could get into any character part ____4____

(assign)him, and appear tall if height was part of the cruelty required. He

was as good as his worst performance; his worst performance was Gothic.

I reluctantly played various ladies who entered the script. I never thought

it as much fun as Tarzan, and I played that summer with more than vague

anxiety ___5___ Jem

’

s assurances that Boo Radley was dead and nothing

would get me, with him and Calpurnia there in the daytime and Atticus

home at night.

Jem was a born hero.

It was a blue little drama, ___6___ (weave) from bits and pieces of

gossip and neighborhood legend: Mrs. Radley had been beautiful until

she married Mr Radley and lost all her money. She also lost most of her

teeth, her hair, and her right forefinger; she sat in the living room and

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2

cried most the time, ____7____. Boo slowly whittled(

消减

) away all the

furniture in the house.

The three of us were the boys ____8____ got into trouble; I was the

judge, for a change; Dill led Jem away and crammed him beneath the

steps, poking him with the brushbroom. Jem would reappear as needed

in the shapes of the sheriff, various townsfolk, and Miss Stephanie

Crawford, who had more to say about the Radleys than anybody in

Maycomb.

When it was time to play Boo

’

s big scene, Jem would sneak into the

house, steal the scissors from the sewing-machine drawer when Calpurnia

’

s back ____9____ (turn), then sit in the swing and cup up newspapers. Dill

would walk by, cough at Jem, and Jem would pretend a plunge into Dill

’

s thing. From ___10___. I stood it looked real.

(B)

Directions:

After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the

passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given

word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the

other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

What the Bible Says About Money

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3

Most people know Sean Hyman form his regular appearances on Fox

Business, CNBC, and Bloomberg Television, but what they don

’

t know is

that Sean is a former minister, and that his secret to ___11___ (invest)is

hidden within the Bible. Perhaps ____12____ can explain why, despite his

mysterious ability to predict accuate moves in the stock market, Sean is

often laughed at for his unique strategy for investing.

For example, a few months ago Sean appeared on Bloomberg

Television. At that time, Best Buy ____13____ (drop) to all-time lows of $$16

a share. Sean predicted the stock ___14___ go down to $$11 a share, and

would then quickly rebound to $$25 per share, and after that would restore

to 40 per share over the next year. Another commentator on the show

actually challenged Sean for his prediction, saying

“

$$40 on Best Busy? If

that

’

s the case Apple is going to $$1500. That

’

s the most ridiculous thing

I have ever heard! (Editor

’

s Note: At the time, Apple was trading at $$650

per share.) Within a few weeks, Sean would receive the last laugh. Best

Buy dropped down to $$11.20 a share and has since rebounded to $$30 a

share, ___15___ (continue) its path to $$40

…

. exactly as Sean predicted.

(Ironically, Apple has dropped down to about $$400 per share.)

During a recent private dinner with Sean, once he ___16___ (bless) the

food, I wasted no time ___17___ (ask) him what his secret is for investing

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4

so successfully. I expected Sean to say that it was his years of experience

at Charles Schwab or perhaps one of the complicated algorithms(

算法

) he

uses for timing the stock market. ___18___ when Sean responded that his

secret was the Bible, I was thoroughly shocked.

Yes, I knew Swan was a Christian. However, people usually keep their

faith separate from things like

…

investing. But not Swan. For Sean, the

Bible is his foundation for investing.

He explained to me ___19___ there is actually a

“

Bible Money Code

”

hidden into Scripture. Certain investment Giants, Sean says, such as

Warren Buffett and John Templeton, ____20____ (already use) this code to

store up billions. Finally, Sean used the teachings of King Solomon and

Jesus of Nazareth to show how anyone can get out of debt

…

make sound

investments

…

and morally build substantial wealth.

Section B

Directions:

Complete the following passage by using the words in the

box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more

than you need.

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5

Here is a lesson that we

’

re going to be taught again and again in the

coming years: Most animals are not just animals. They

’

re also ___21___ of

microbes (

微生物

). If you really want to understand the animal, you also

have to understand the world of microbes inside them. In other words,

zoology is ecology.

Consider the western corn rootworm---- a beetle that

’

s a serious pest

of corn in the US. The adults have strong preferences for laying eggs in

corn fields, so that their underground larvae (

幼虫

) hatch into a ___22___ of

corn roots. This life cycle depends on a continuous year-on-year supply of

corn. Farmers can use this dependency against the rootworm, by planting

soybean and corn in alternate years. These rotations (

轮流

) mean that

rootworms lay eggs into corn fields but their larvae hatch among soybean,

and die.

But the rootworms have ___23___ to this strategy by reducing their

strong ___24___ for laying eggs in corn. These

“

rotation- resistant

”

females might lay among soybean fields, so their larvae hatch into a crop

of corn.

There are almost certainly genetic differences that separate the

rotation-resistant rootworms from their normal ___25___. Researchers at

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6

the University of Illinois began to study the genes of the bacteria in its gut

(

肠

) and found some answers, after focusing on the rootworm

’

s own

genes and found that the results were mostly inconclusive.

“

The bad guy in the story----the western corn rootworm ---was

actually part of a multi-species plot,

”

says Joe Spencer, who was part of

the study.

“

No wonder it was hard to figure out what was happening. We

were only looking at the most obvious ___26___ of the story.

”

If you really want to understand the animal, you also have to

understand the microbes. The rootworm

’

s gut bacteria are effectively

another one of its organs, but an ___27___ flexible on that can change

dramatically when ___28___ to a new food source. This allows the insects

to adapt very quickly to environmental challenges, far more quickly than

if they could only rely on mutations (

突变

) in their own genes.

Spencer says,

“

Modern agriculture has always underestimated the

ability of pests to avoid pest control, and I think the ___29___ that pest

insects are not alone in their efforts should give us some ___30___. There is

a brand new tiny world out there inside every creature, and we need to

start thinking seriously about it.

”

III. Reading Comprehension (15

’

+30

’

)

页

7

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four

words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the

word or phrase that best fits the context.

In a development that would have seemed hardly possible just over a

decade ago, many of us have gained constant access to information. If we

need to find out the score of a ballgame, learn how to perform a

complicated mathematical task, or simply remember the name of the

actress in the movie we are viewing, we need only turn to our ___31___ or

smart phones and we can find the answers immediately. It has become

such an ordinary ___32___ to look up the answer to any question the

moment it occurs. It can feel like going through withdrawal when we can

’

t find out something immediately. We are seldom offline unless by choice

and the Internet, with its search engines like Baidu and Google and the

information stored there, has become an ___33___ memory source that we

can access at any time.

Storing information externally is nothing particularly ___34___, even

before the invention of computers. In any group relationship, people

typically develop a transactive(

交换式

) memory, which is a combination of

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8

memory stores held directly by individuals and the memory stores they

can ___35___ because they are in touch with someone who knows that

information. Like ___36___ computers that can address each other

’

s

memories, people in groups form transactive memory systems.

In a rec arch led by Besty Sparrow of Columbia University, researchers

have ___37___whether having online access to search engines has

become a primary transactivc memory source in itself. If asked the

question whether there are any countries with only one color in their flag,

for example, do we think about flags

—

or immediately think to go

online to find out the answer?

In one experiment, the participants were asked to read 40 memorable

unimportant statements of the type that they could ___38___ online (e.g.,

an ostrich

’

s eye is bigger than its brain). Then they were asked to type the

statements into computer to assure memory. Half the participants

believed the computer would save what was typed and the other half

believed the item would be ___39___. After the reading and typing task,

participants wrote down as many of the statements as they could ___40___.

It turned out that participants who believed the computer would erase

what they had typed had ___41___ recall than those who regarded the

computer as the memory source.

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9

The Internet has become a primary form of transactive memory, and

processes of human memory are ___42___ to the new computing and

communication technology. Just as we learn through transactive memory

who knows what in our families and offices, we are learning what the

computer

“

knows

”

and when we should attend to where we have stored

information in our computer-based memories. The importance of the

information from the Internet is almost ___43___ to that of all the

knowledge we gain from our friends and coworkers

—

and lose if they are

out of touch. The experience of losing our Internet connection becomes

more and more like losing a ___44___. We must always remain ___45___ to

know what the Internet knows.

31. A. televisions

laptops

32. A. practice

routine

33. A. additional

significant

34

A. traditional

unique

.

B. newspapers

C. dictionaries

D.

B. custom

C. regulation

D.

B. external

C. aggressive

D.

B. new

C. amazing

D.

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10

35. A. obtain

exchange

36. A. professional

37. A. explored

investigated

38. A. track down

about

39. A. disappeared

broken

40. A. guess

announce

41. A. better

shorter

B. create

C. access

D.

B. updated

B. discussed

C. feasible

C. experienced

D. linked

D.

B. look up

C. take in

D. bring

B. increased

C. erased

D.

B. remember

C. claim

D.

B. high

C. temporary

D.

42. A. contributing

B. adding

adapting

43. A. peculiar

superior

B. beneficial

C. tending

D.

C. equal

D.

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11

44. A. assistant

dictionary

45. A. backed up

plugged in

Section B

B. library

C. friend

D.

B. taken out

C. called off

D.

Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is

followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of

them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that

fits best according to the information given in the passage you have

just read.

A.

It doesn

’

t matter if books are delivered in print or by smart phone; the

main thing is to get lost in reading them. Reading books is vital for human

development.

Why should we bother reading a book? All children say this

occasionally. Many of the 12 million adults in Britain with reading

difficulties repeat it to themselves daily. In a world of advanced

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12

technology, increasing time poverty and decreasing attention should they

invest precious time sinking into a good book?

The discovery that our brains are physically changed by the

experience of reading is something many of us will understand

instinctively, as we think back to the way an extraordinary book had a

transformative effect on the way we viewed the world. This

transformation only takes place when we lose ourselves in a book,

abandoning the emotional and mental chatter of the real world. That

’

s

why studies have found this kind of deep reading makes us more

sensitive to the inner lives of others.

Reasoningly, we know that reading is the foundation stone of all

education, and therefore an essential basis of the knowledge economy.

So reading is - or should be - an aspect of public policy. But perhaps even

more significant is its emotional role as the starting point for individual

voyages of personal development and pleasure. Books can open up

emotional, imaginative and historical landscapes that equal and extend

the corridors of the web. They can help create and strengthen our sense

of self. If reading were to decline significantly, it would change the very

nature of our species. However, technology throws up as many solutions

as it does challenges: for every door it closes, another opens. So the

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13

ability, offered by devices like e-readers, smart phones and tables, to carry

an entire library in your hand is an amazing opportunity. Publishers need

to use every new piece of technology to embed (

嵌入

) long-form reading

within our culture

46. According to the author, what attitude do the British hold towards

reading?

A. No child in Britain likes reading nowadays.

B. Many people in Britain are at a loss as to the function of reading.

C. British people are more interested in others

’

lives.

D. British people consider reading a waste of time.

47. Which one is NOT the reason why we should read?

A

Reading can promote the development of human species.

B. Without reading, education does not happen.

C. Reading can physically change our brain.

D. Reading can lead to personal pleasure.

48. When will the transformative effect of reading happen?

.

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14

A. When we forget ourselves.

B. When the real world doesn

’

t matter to us.

C. When books open up a new landscape to us.

D. When we are buried in deep reading.

49. Why should reading be an aspect of public policy?

A. Because otherwise no one bothers to read.

B. Because reading can bring economic benefit indirectly.

C

Because reading is the starting point of individual voyage.

D. Because books are the extension of the web.

B.

So many girls are raised thinking that the world is perfect and they will

grow up to be a princess.

I know that when I have my daughter, I

’

ll probably tell her stories of Peria,

Ancient Egypt and Sparta. I don

’

t really want my daughter to grow up to

be a Princess; I want her to grow up to be a Spartan woman. I don

’

t want

to be the father who tells his daughter all of these tales of happy endings,

and she gets older only to find out they were all lies. Most of those stories

.

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15

from our youth were great, I think there was some truth to them, but I

don

’

t think it was explained all that well.

I can remember stories, those things my mother said

She told me fairy tales, before I went to bed

Spoke of happy endings, then tacked me in real tight

She turned my night light on, and kissed my face good night

My mind would fill with visions, of perfect paradise

She told me everything, she said he

’

d be so nice

He

’

d ride up on his horse and, take me away on night

I

’

d be so happy with him, we

’

d ride clean out of sight

She never said that we would, curse, cry and scream and lie

She never said that maybe, someday he

’

d say goodbye

——

Anita Baker Fairy Tales

I always loved that song as a child. Now, take for example, Cinderella,

Belle, Ariel, Jasmine, Mulan, Pocahontas, and Nala. I

’

m going to break this

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16

down in a way that will relate this to the real world in the most realiest

way ever.

Cinderella

—

She lived in a city with mad people. She basically got

treated like garbage from her family because she was pretty. But

Cinderella was one chick in that whole city. That

’

s the only woman in die

city who ended up getting a Prince. Remember the scene at the ball? How

many of those women showed up looking for a Prince and the shoe didn

’

t fit? Think about that in today

’

s terms: So many women want a Barack,

but there

’

s only one Michelle out of all those women in the world. That

was the same for Cinderella story, you can

’

t possibly think that everyone

can find a Prince.

Belle

—

Many of you know how I feel about

“

faith- based

”

relationships. Faith is the belief in things not seen. She had to learn to love

a Beast in order to get her Prince. But think about how many women will

turn to

Gaston

because he looks good on paper and miss out on their

Prince. Your mother told you not to bring home any ugly babies. The

Beast never had a chance.

Ariel

—

Ariel had to learn to shut the heck up to get a man.

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17

Jasmine

—

She was looking for love, and her dad was trying get

$$30,000 by getting her casted on Teen Mom. She ended up dating a

homeless guy who was convinced he was a Prince. Turn out he was a nice

guy, but she had to learn to trust a man with her heart and that

’

s hard

work.

Mulan

—

She had to pretend to be a man to get a man.

Pocahontas

—

She had to fight a war and teach white folks (who

would later end up killing off all her peoples) to survive.

Nala

—

Spartan. That

’

s all you can say, she had to go get her man who

had forgotten who he was and ran away from his home. Then she

managed to get pregnant on the first night! That

’

s Spartan.

But you

’

ve got to ask yourself, arc most of the women we know as

strong willed as these fairy tale women were? And while we

’

re thinking

about all of this, let

’

s think about the men.

Cinderella

’

s Prince

—

He had to try and slide a glass slipper on a

bunch of rathchets and hoppers just to find his Princess.

Ariel

’

s Prince

—

He had to kill a super-saiyan sea monster to get his

Princess.

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18

Aladdin

—

He had to go into the desert, get a genie, a magic carpet, a

parrot and kill a wizard to get with Princess Jasmine.

Simba

—

He had to go back to the place where his pops was murdered

and fight his Uncle, which required him to not only beat a bunch of

hyenas, but then he got fire thrown in his eyes.

Ask yourself another question, do you really think the men of today

are trying to do all that for their Princess?

The reality of life is that while your mother told you that you

’

d grow

up to be a Princess, they never told you that Princes sow their royal oats

before settling down. You

’

ll have to wait for him to finish sowing and

decide he wants to be a Prince, ask Kate Middleton. Your mother told you

that you could one day be the Princess, but she never told you that the

Prince would have options. Your mother told you that a man was going to

sweep you off your feet, but she never told you that most men don

’

t

chase women any more. You

’

re going to have to figure out how to make

him sit still. In real life we can count all the happy endings we know on our

hands.

Maybe your mother should have told you this when you went to bed

at night:

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19

When you get older you

’

re going to find a man to marry and you

’

ll

get to pick out the best wedding dress in the world. People will come

from far to see it. You

’

ll have to take your dress though. It will be free, you

know we love free. It will be beautiful and it will make you look like a

Princess. In fact, it will be televised for everyone to see. The whole world

will be matching.

But baby? There is only one Vera Wang dress and there

’

s a nasty

b*tch that wants it more than you do. So if you truly want that fairy tale

wedding, and you want the best wedding dress in the world, you are

going to need to kill that b*tch and take what

’

s yours. Now get some rest

we got work to do in the morning. There

’

s only room enough for one

Princess.

50. How many women characters in the fairy tales are mentioned in the

passage?

A. 7

B. 8

C. 10

D. 11

51. Who finally found Jasmine after experiencing so many hardships?

A. Gaston

Spartan

B. Aladdin

C. Simba

D.

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20

52. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A. Never Have All the Eggs in One Basket.

B. Prince and Princess Tie the Knot by Killing the Wizard.

C. There Always Exists a Stepmother in Fairy Tales.

D. The Real Truth Behind Fairy Tale Relationships.

C.

Years ago, social scientists introduced the broken-windows theory of

crime control, which assumed that if a neighborhood looked orderly and

cared for

—

with no broken windows

—

potential wrong doers would be

discouraged from committing crimes there. Now psychologists have

proposed a similar theory, which suggests that people can behave

morally when their environment smells as clean as it looks.

It

’

s the Macbeth principle of morality, says Katie Liljenquist, professor

of organizational leadership at Brigham Young University

’

s Marriott

School of Management and lead author of the new study, to be published

in Psychological Science.

“

There is a strong link between moral and

physical purity that people associate at an essential level. People feel

guilty by immoral choices and try to wash away their evil,

”

says Liljenquist.

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21

“

To some degree, washing actually is effective in relieving guilt. What we

wondered was whether you could regulate moral behavior through

cleanliness. We found that we could.

”

In two separate experiments, researchers were able to influence

participants

’

behavior by exposing them to

“

cleanliness

”

in the form of

a

common cleaning agent

’

s smell

—

in this case, orange- scented

Windex (

清新剂

). It turned out that people who sat in a room sprayed with

Windex were more likely to act fairly and charitably than those in

unscented air.

The first experiment involved an anonymous (faceless) game of trust.

The 28 study participants were told they would be

“

receivers,

”

with

whom a group of anonymous

“

senders

”

had been instructed to invest

money. Participants were told that each sender had been given $$ 4 and

told that any part of it invested with receivers would be three times. The

job of the receiver, then, was to decide what portion of the profits to

return to the sender.

In reality, there was no sender, and each study participant received

$$12, making it seem as though the senders had entrusted them with the

full $$ 4 they had been given. But would the receivers return that trust or

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22

exploit their unidentified investors? On average, those in the

plain-smelling room returned $$2.5 to the sender, pocketing the lion

’

s

share of the money. But those bathed in the scent of Windex sent back an

average of $$ 5.5, returning the senders

’

blind faith.

The scientists insist they didn

’

t overdo it with the Windex, just a few

spritzes(

喷

)

—

so we can rule out brain-cell death or intoxication(