-
百度文库
-
让每个人平等地提升自我
人教版高一
英语必修一
Unit2
知识点梳理及练习
adj.
官方的；正式的；公务的
. There will be
an official inquiry into the
matter.
将对这件事进行正式调查。
【拓展】
official
或
officer
< br>两者都有官员的意思，但是所指不同。
officia
l
常指政府官员或行政官员
offi
cer
常指身特定制服的官员，
如军官或者警
< br>官等。
【练习】
My father is an________
in the army, while his father is an________ in the
government.
2. voyage
n.
航行；航海；航天
辨析：
voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour
1) voyage:
去国外或较远地方的海上旅行
make a voyage
进行一次航行
. Columbus
succeeded in making a voyage to America in 1942.
2) journey:
指较远的从一地到另一地旅行，距离较远，多指陆地
. They will make a journey
to Beijing by train.
3)
travel:
一系列的旅程，泛指旅游
.
We had six days’ travel by
car.
4) trip:
(
短途
)
旅行
. The Greens will take a
weekend trip to the Great Wall.
5)
tour:
为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行
. We will make a tour of
Hainan next week.
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). It is tiring to take a long _______
by train from Paris to Moscow.
2). The _________ from
England to Australia used to take several months.
3).
We
’
ll have time for a ______
to France next weekend.
4).
We went on a guided ______ round the castle.
3. because of
因为；由于
. They are here because of
us.
他们是因为我们来这里的。
[
短语归纳
] because of
是复合介词。
because
是从属连词，
引导原因状语从句。
[
练习
]
He came late to school again _______
he got up too late.
The girl cried __________
what the teacher said.
We have to cancel our trip _________
the bad weather.
because
of
的近义词组
thanks to
因为；由于
as a result of
由于…的原因
by reason of
因为
due to
因为，由于
owing to
归功于…
Thanks to his
help, I finished the task on time.
多亏了他的
帮助，
我按时完后了任务。
I
had to stay at home due to the
weather.
由于天气原因我只能呆在家里。
4. native
adj.
本国的；本土的
n.
本地人，本国人
. Finally, she returned to
her native land.
The panda
is a native of
China.
熊猫原产于中国。
【注意】
native
做形容词用时，只能做前置定语。
be native to
意为（动植物）是…特有的，原产于…
. The tiger is native to India.
up
走近；上来；提出
. The little
came up to the stranger and showed him how to get
to the police station.
[
短语归纳
] come
across
邂逅
偶遇
come
about
发生
9
百度文库
-
让每个人平等地提升自我
come
at
向…扑来
,
攻击
< br>
come from
来自
come out
出版
;
开花；结果是
come up with
想出
come
true
实现
come down
下来；传承
[
练习
]
用
come
构成的词组填空。
1). The hunter
walked across the forest when suddenly a bear
_______ him.
2). The magazine __________ once a
month.
3). I
wish you can ___________ to England on your
holiday.
4).
The engineers has ______________ new ways of
saving energy.
5). They
___________ an old school friend in the street
this morning.
6. actually
adv.
实际上；事实上
（
=in fact/ as a matter of
fact
）
. He looked calm, but actually he was
very nervous.
【其他】
actually
adv.
居然；竟然
. He actually
expected me to pay for the
ticket.
他竟然指望我给他付票钱。
actual
adj.
实在的；实际的
. What were his actual
words?
他到底怎么说的？
7. base
vt.
以…为基础
base sth on sth
以某事物为另一事物的根据或基础
be based on
以…为基础
. One should
always base one
’
s opinions
on facts.
The story is based on facts.
n.
基础；基地；
an air
base
空军基地
8. at present
现在，目前
present
n.
礼物
adj.
在场的；目前的
vt.
赠送
. The mountain bike is a
birthday present from my parents.
I
am afraid I can
’
t help you
at present.
[
重点用法
]
at present=at the present
time=now
目前，现在
be present at
出席；到场
(
反义
:be absent from)
present sb.
with sth. = present sth. to
sb.
把某物送给某人
【注意】
present
作为
adj.
“现在的；当前的”讲时，常做前置
定语；而做“出席
的，到场的”讲时，常做后置定语。
. He doesn
’
t know
how to deal with the present problem.
The people
present at the meeting are advanced workers.
9. gradual
adj.<
/p>
逐渐的，逐步的→
gradually
adv.
逐渐地，逐步地
. Things gradually improved.
情况已经渐渐地改善。
This is a gradual change in his
attitude towards his stepmother.
10. especially/ specially
<
/p>
especially
意思是“尤其，特别”
，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要
specially
指为了某一目的，专门做某事
【练习】
1). Our city
is very beautiful, ___________ in spring.
2). He came here
___________ to ask you for help.
11. make use of
利用；使用
[
短语归纳
]
use
前可加形容词，表示不同程度的利用。
make good use of
好好利用
make full use of
充分利用
make the best/most of
充分利用
use up
用尽，耗尽
9
百度文库
-
让每个人平等地提升自我
. You
are not making the best (use) of your talents.
12. latter
adj.
较后的；后半的；后者的
. She lived a hard life in the latter
part of her life.
【注意】
the latter (
已
提到的两者中的
)
后者，通常与
the
former(
前者
)
相对应
They are two
choices for us. Many boys support the farmer, but
I favor the latter.
13. such
as
例如；像这种的
辨析：
such as/for
example/that is/and so on
(1)such as
用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前
面的名词之间，且其后不用逗
号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与
like
互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于
前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用
that
is
或
namely
。
(2)for
example
主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其
位置比较灵活，可
位于句首、句中或句末
(such as
只能位于所列举的事物之前
)
。
(3)that
is
相当于
namely
，
它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。
(4)and
so
on
对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用．<
/p>
..and
so
on
进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了。
【练习】
(1)My
daughter
studies
four
subjects
in
school,
____________
，
Chinese,
maths,
English and P
．
E.
(2)Overcooking(
烹饪过度
),
____________
，
destroys many
nutrients(
营养素
).
(3)He can speak some other languages,
____________ French and German.
(4)There are some books, pens, erasers
____________ in my bag.
14.
frequent
adj.
频繁的；常见的
. His visit became less
frequent as time passed.
frequently adv.
常常；频繁地
Buses run frequently from
the city to the airport.
公共汽车不断的从城市开往机场。
n.
使用；用法；词语惯用法
.
It
’
s not a word in common
usage.
这不是一个常用词。
【辨析】
use
和
usage
作为名词，
两者都有
“使用”
之意，
但是用法略有不同。
usage
做“用法”讲的时候，侧重某物的使用方法或惯用法，做
“使用，利用”
的时候，侧重于事物的使用频率。
use
做
名词用时，意为“用，使用，得到利用”
，强调的是某物“被使用的事实或
状态”
。
current English usage
当代英语惯用法
land usage
土地的利用
I am not sure that is the
most valuable use of my time.
我不能肯定我的时间
这样安
排是最有价值的。
【例题】
I
don
’
t know the _____ of the
word.
The
church
was
built
in
the
twelfth
century
and
is
still
in
_____
today.
16. command
n.&
v.
命令；指令；掌握
[
重点用法
] command
sb. to do sth
命令某人做某事
be under the command of
由…指挥
,
由…控制
in command of
控制…
be at one
’
s
command
听任某人支配
have / take command
of
…
指挥…
[
特别提醒
] command
后接
that
从句时要用虚拟语气
should(not)+
动词原形，
should
9
百度文库
-
让每个人平等地提升自我
可省略
.
The general commanded that we (should) attack at
once.
[
练习
]
用适当的介词填空
1). For the first time in
years, she felt ______ command of her life.
2). The army is __________
the king
’
s direct command.
3). The police
arrived and took command ________ the situation.
17. request
n.& v.
请求；要求
[
重点用法
] at the
request of sb. = at one
’
s
request
按照某人的要求
/
请
求
in request
有需求，受欢迎
by request
依照请求，应邀
request
sb. to do sth.
要求某人做某事
(
被动形式：
sb be requested to do sth)
request that sb. (should)
do
要求某人做某事
request
做动词，如后接从句
作宾语，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语部分要用
should(not)+
< br>动词原形，
should
可省略
. She requested
that no one (should) be told of her decision until
the next meeting.
【扩展】像
request
/com
mand
一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用“
(should)
+
动
词原形”的常用词有：
一个
“坚
持
(insist)
”
；
两个
“命令
(order
，
command)
”
；
三个
“建议
(suggest
，<
/p>
advise
，
propose)
”
；
四个“要求
(demand
，
ask
，
requi
re
，
request)
”
；
【练习】
：
He requested
me
________ (write) a
letter of recommendation.
He requested that I
________________(write) a letter of
recommendation.
The passengers
_____________(request) to show their passports.
n.
词语；表达；表示；表情
. He looked at me without
expression.
他毫无表情地看着我。
Do you know
that expression?
你知道这个表达吗？
a
part (in)
扮演一个角色；参与
. She plays an
active part in local politics.
She played a major part in the success
of the scheme.
[
短语归纳
] take part
(in sth)
参加
,
参与（某事物）
the most part
整体上
;
通常
;
多半
the best part
of sth
（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间）
for
my part
就我来说
20. recognize
vt.
辨认出；承认；公认
[
重点用法
]
recognize
…
by sth
认出或识别某人
/
某事物
be
recognize
…
as sth
被承认某人
/
某事物是
recognize
…
to
be
承认…是
recognize
+
宾语从句
意识到；承认
. I
recognized her by her red hat.
Everyone recognized him to
be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir.
【辨析】
recognize/realize/know
(1)recognize
指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。
(2)realize
强调在经过一个过程后的了解。
(3)know
是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解。
【练习】
(1)Only
after you lose your health will you ____________
the importance of health.
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：外研社英语必修5单词
下一篇：人教版八下英语课文翻译110单元