-
版本一
核心单词
1. command
n. & vt.
命令;指令;掌握
The
officer commanded his soldiers to fire.
那名军官命令士兵们开火。
A
general is a man who commands a large number of
soldiers.
将军是统率众多士兵的人。
常用结构:
at/ by
sb
’
s command
听某人支配
take
command of
控制
in command of
指挥着
under
one
’
s command
由某人的指挥
under the
command of sb.
在某人的指挥下
command sb. to do sth.
命令某人做某事
command
(=order)
that ...
命令
……
(
从句用虚拟语气,即
should+
do
形式,
should
可省略)
联想拓展
commander n.
指挥官
高手过招
用适当的介词填空(原创)
①
For the first time in
years, she felt she was
command
of her
life.
②
The army is
the
king
’
s direct command.
③
The police arrived and took
command
the situation.
①
in
②
under/at/by
③
of
2. request
vt.&n.
请求;恳求;要求
常用结构:
request sb.
to do
sth.
请求某人做某事
request sth.
from/of sb.
向某人要求某物
request
that sb.
(should) do
sth.
要求某人做某事
make
a request/requests
发出请求
at the request of
sb.
=
at
sb.
’
s
request
依照某人的请求
易混辨析
request/demand/require
reque
st
表示
“
有礼貌的请求;正式的请求
”
。
dem
and
表示
“
有正当权利的要求
”
,因此含有
“
坚决
或强烈要求
”
的意思。
require
表示
“
要求
所必须的东西;法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求
”
。
但它们也有不同之处:
①
require
和
re
quest
都可以接宾语
+to do sth.
结构,
而
demand
没有
此种用法。
但可以说
demand
of sb. to do sth.
②
require+
动名词时,主动形式的动名词具有被动意义,而
< br>demand
,
request
无此种用法。
第
1
页
共
13
页
They are
demanding higher wages.
他们要求提高工资。
Do you require anything else?
你还要求(需要)别的吗?
Many people have requested this next
song.
许多人要求听下面这首歌。
They required me to keep silent.
他们要求我保持沉默。
The letter requested us to leave the
house within six weeks.
这封信要求我们六周内搬出这所房子。
温馨提示
以上三个词的共同点是:从
语法上看,
request
和
dema
nd
,
require
都可以接
that
引导的宾语
从句,并且在从句中要使
用虚拟语气。
高手过招
单项填空
①
One of the requirements for
a fire is that the material
to its burning temperature.
(
2010
·
陕西师大附中月考)
A. be heated
B.
is heated
C.
would be heated
D.
do heat
②
—
Why were you
late for such an important concert?
—
The plane arrived at the
airport after a
of
three hours.
(
201
0
·
陕西商
洛一轮检测)
A. delay
B. rest
C.
tour
D.
request
①解析:选
A
p>
。如同
require, demand, order,
suggest, advise, insist, request
等动词要求其后
面
的宾语从句使用虚拟语气一样,
它们所对应的名词的同位语从
句和表语从句也要求使用虚拟
语气,即:
should+
动词原形。故选
A
。
②解析:选
A
。上句询问
“
迟到的原因
”
,因此下句
中的名词应是与
“
迟到
”
意义有关的名词,
所以只能选择
“
< br>延误
”
。
3. recognize
vt.
辨认出;承认;公认
常用结构:
recognize
sb.
认出某人
recognize one
’
s
voice
听出某人的声音
recognize ... as ...
认定;承认
p>
……
为
……
recognize sb./sth. ... to be ...
认为某人
/
某事物是
……
p>
recognize that
...
承认
……
When he walked out of the station, I
recognized him immediately.
当他从车站里走出来时,我立刻认出了他。
Everyone recognized him to be the
lawful heir/as the lawful heir.
大家都承认他为合法继承人。
高手过招
单项填空
—Oh, it’s
you! I
you.
—I have
just had my hair cut, and I’m wearing new glasses.
(
2010
·
山东淄博六中检测)
A.
hadn
’
t recognized
B.
haven
’
t
recognized
C.
didn
’
t recognize
D.
don
’
t recognize <
/p>
解析:选
C
。前句的句意为:哦,是你呀
!我刚才没有认出你来。
第
2
页
共
13
页
所以要用一般过去时。
4. direction
n.
[
C
]
p>
方向;方面
;
[
U
]指导;指挥
常用结构:
in the
direction of
朝
……
的
方向
(=towards)
in
sb
’
s direction
朝某人的方向
(=towards sb.)
under one
’
s
direction
在
……
指导下<
/p>
(=under the direction of sb.)
Tom went off in one direction and Jack
in another.
汤姆往一个方向走,杰克往另外一个方向走。
Reforms are needed in many directions.
许多方面都需要改革。
He is walking in the direction of the
police station.
他正朝警察局的方向走去。
He
glanced in her direction and their eyes met.
他朝她这个方向一看,俩人的眼睛相遇了。
The singing group is under the
direction of Mr Lee.
合唱团由李先生指挥。
温馨提示
direction
意为
“
指示;指引;用法说明
”
等,通常要用复数形式。
注意:表示邮件上的
“
姓名地址
”
p>
时,也用复数形式。
Follow
the directions on the medicine bottle.
请按药瓶上的说明服药。
高手过招
(
1
)单项填空
Those who
learn theory must develop
the direction
of practice.
(
2010
·
山东枣庄
一轮验收)
A. to
B.
on
C. in
D. for
(
2
< br>)完成句子
(原创)
①
I gave Mary full
(
地址
)to enable her
to find the post office.
②
He did the work
(
在我的指导下
).
(
1
)解析:选
C
。
in the direction of
为固
定搭配,意为
“
朝
……
方向
”
。注意不要用介词
to
。
(
2
p>
)①
directions
②
under my
direction
重点短语
5.
more than one
意为
“
不止一个
”
,虽然在意义上表示复数,但作主语或修饰主语时,
谓语动词用单数,与
many a(
许多
)
用法一样;
如果
more
修饰复数可数名词再跟
than one
作主语
时,
其谓语动词则
要用复数。
More than one member has protested
against the proposal.
不止一个成员反对这个建议。
More than one person has been concerned
in this.
这里面涉及的不仅是一个人。
More persons than one have been
involved.
涉及的不仅仅是一个人。
联想拓展
“
more than+ adj.
”
意为
“
很;非常
”
。
第
3
页
共
13
页
在
“
more ... than .
..
”
中,肯定
“
more
”
后面的,而否定
“
p>
than
”
后面的,意为
< br>“
是
……
而不是
……”
或
者
“
与其
……
不如
……”
。
“
more
than ... can/could
”
是英语里的一个常见
结构,可把
more than
理解为
not,
表示否定,该
结构意为
“
p>
非
……
所能
……<
/p>
;是
……
所不能
……
;不是
……
所能
< br>……”
。
more
often than not
经常;往往
In doing scientific experiments, one
must be more than careful with the instruments.
做科学实验时,对待仪器必须非常小心才行。
If you tell your father what you have
done, he will be more than a little angry.
如果你把所做的事情告诉你父亲,他会非常生气的。
Catherine is more diligent than
intelligent.
与其说凯瑟琳聪明,不如说她勤奋。
高手过招
完成句子(原创)
①当我的老朋友布莱恩怂恿我抽一支烟时,我可再也熬不住了。
When
my
old
friend
Brian
urged
me
to
accept
a
cigarette,
it
was
.
②可能的解释不止一个。
There
is
.
①
more
than
I could
bear
②
more than one possible
explanation
6.
because of
因为;由于是介词短语,后跟名词、代词或动名词及
what
从句。
She
got hurt because of what
you
’
d said.
她因为你的话而受到伤害。
due
to
意为
“
由于
”
常作表语,也作后置定语和状语。
thanks to
意为
“
多亏;由于
”
只作状语。
owing to
意为
“
由于
”
常作状语。
as a result of
意为
“
由于
”
作状语。
易混辨析
because/as/since/for
because
表示直接原因,
语气最强。
回答
why
提出的问题只能用
< br>because
。
在强调句型中,
也
只能用
because
。
as
用于解释做某事的原因,语气较弱,通常
位于主句前。
since
表示的原因
是指人们已知的事实,常意为
“
既然
”
。语气比
because
弱,但比
p>
as
强。通常
位于主句前,并常与
as
换用。
for<
/p>
并列连词,连接并列分句,表示一种补充说明,是推测或判断的理由,语气较弱,不可
p>
位于主句前。有时可表示直接原因,相当于
because
。
高手过招
单项填空
①
People crowded
on the road and could not go forward
the traffic accident some
cars had
made.
(
20
10
·
山西太原五中检测)
A. with
B. since
C. because of
D. because
第
4
页
共
13
页
②
People may have different
opinions about Karen, but I admire her.
,she is a great
musician.
(
2010
·
陕西西
安二中检测)
A. After all
B.
As a result
C. In other words
D. As usual
①解析:
选
C
。
p>
考查表示
“
原因
”
的几个词的用法。
since
与
because
都是连词,
连接句子,
with
表示原因时,前面多是形容词。如
H
is face was red with
cold.
他的脸冻得通红。
because of
为
介词短语,后跟名词或动名词短语,故选
C
p>
。
②解析:选
A
。
after
all
毕竟;
as a
result
结果;
in other
words
换句话说;
as usual
照例。根据
题意选择
A
。
7. come up
走近;上来;提出
The
little boy came up to the stranger and showed him
how to get to the police station.
小男孩向陌生人走去,并告诉他去警察局的路。
We won
’
t forget
the day when we watched the sun come up on top of
the Tai Mountain.
我们不会忘记一同在泰山顶看日出的那天。
It is certain that the question will
come up at the meeting.
这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。
The snowdrops are just beginning to
come up.
雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。
I am afraid something urgent has come
up.
恐怕发生了什么急事。
联想拓展
come true
变成现实,成为现实
come
across
邂逅
come about
发生
come at
向
p>
……
扑来
,
攻击<
/p>
come from
来自
come out
出版
;
开花
;结果是
come up with
想出
come round
绕道而来;苏醒
come down
落下
,
塌下
come over
(从远处)来到;横过
come into use
开始使用
how come ...
?(
表示理解
)
……
< br>怎么回事?
when it comes to
sth.
当涉及某事时
How
come her French is so bad if she spent 5 years in
pairs?
她在巴黎待了
5
年,但
她的法语怎么这么糟糕。
When it comes to
getting things done, he is useless.
一涉及到做事,他便不中用了。
高手过招
(
1
)单项填空
They
aren
’
t afraid when they
the
difficulties in their study.
(
2010
·
河南镇平质量
检测)<
/p>
A. come up
B. come to
第
5
页
共
13
页
C. come about
D.
come out
(
2
)用
come
构成的短语填空(原创)
①
The hunter walked across
the forest when suddenly a
bear
him.
②
The
magazine
once a month.
③
I
wish you can
to
England on your holiday.
④
The engineers have
new
ways of saving energy.
⑤
They
an old school friend in the street this
morning.
(
1
)解析:选<
/p>
B
。考查短语辨析。
come to
p>
此处意为
“
涉及,提到
”
;
come about
意为<
/p>
“
产生
”
,
p>
如
:How did the difference
between American English and British English come
about? come up
意为
“
到来,来到
”
;
come out
p>
意为
“
出来,长出,发芽
< br>”
。
(
2
)①
came at
②
comes out
③
come over
④
come up with
⑤
came across
8.
such as
例如
……
;像这样的
易混辨析
such as/for example/that is/and so on
such
as
用来列举事物。通常插
在被举例的带有解释性质的事物与前面的需要进行解释的名
词之间,意为
“
比如;诸如
……
之类的
p>
”
,可与
like
互换,
as
后不能有逗号。
for
example
同
for instance
< br>一样起到补充说明的作用,
表明在众多的内容中仅取一两个例子,
可放在举例之前或之后,意为
“
例如,举个例子
”
。
that
is
是后面列举的事物的总量等于它前面所提到的总和,
相当
于
namely
。
也用
that is to say
。
and so on
对几个事物进行列举时,在说了其中的几个以后,用
and
so on
进行概括,说明还
有例子,但不一一列出。
Boys like to play balls, such
as football and basketball.
男孩子喜欢打球,比如足球和篮球。
Some students, Li Jun, for example,
live in the country.
有些学生,如李军,住在农村。
I
have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and
Tom.
我有三个好朋友,即约翰、杰克和汤姆。
There are some books, pens, erasers and
so on in my bag.
我的书包里有书、笔、橡皮等。
高手过招
单项填空
A lot of
countries have gained excellent achievements in
space technology, China,
.
(
2010
·
安徽合肥八中检测)
A.
such as
B. for example
C.
namely
D. and so on
解析:
选
B
。四个词中只有
for
example
位置灵活,可放在句首、句中或句末。
9. play a part (in)
扮演一个角色;参与
She
plays an active part in local politics.
她积极参与地方政治活动。
She
played a major part in the success of the scheme.
第
6
页
共
13
页