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选修六unit3知识点。

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2021-02-07 21:55
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2021年2月7日发(作者:ovann)


U3(


选修六


)


< /p>


1


滥用


,


妄用; 虐待,辱骂




2

弊病,陋习




n.











vt.


滥用


,


妄用


,


虐待




e.g. He


abused his power


while in office.


他在职时滥用权力。



Those captives were physically

< br>abused.


那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残




drug abuse


滥用毒品



child abuse


虐待儿童



abuse one’s position /


power


滥用职权

< br>/


权利



abuse a privilege


滥用特权





2. stress



1


压力


;


重音


,


重读




1



n.



be under (the) stress (of)


在压力下



suffer from stress


遭受压力



The


stresses and strains


of modern life


现代生活的


压力和紧张


.


2


强调


,


重要性










e.g. Some school


lay / put /place stress on


foreign language education.


2



vt.


加压力于


;


重读


;


强调



e.g. He


stressed


the importance of the task.





1



n.


禁令


,


禁止




a ban on sth


2



vt.

< br>禁止


,


取缔



ban sb. from (doing) sth.


颁布禁令



Put/impose a ban


颁发


/


解除禁令



lift a ban


确立禁令



e.g. Our government has


put/ imposed a ban on


plastic bags.




4.


due to


归因于


,


归功于




e.g. The accident


is due to


your careless driving.


那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。



be due to do sth



定于某时做某事



e.g. He


is due to


speak at the meeting tomorrow


(可以被


caused by


所代替)



The train


is due


in five minutes.(


预定的,预期的)



My rent


isn’t


due


till Wednesday.


(到期的,立即支付的)



In due course


在适当的时候



after due consideration


经适当考虑之后




拓展:



because of “


由于


”,


较口语化,只作状语



owing to


较正式,须用逗号与主句隔开



thanks to “


多亏了



,多用于正面的意义



as a result of “


因为




as a result


副短


, “


因此




therefore


副词


, “


因此




so


并列连词


, “


因此





because of ,due to , owing to , on account of




thanks to


的用法比较




这一词都表示


由于



的意思,在使用时应该注意以下区别:




1



because of

< p>
意为



由于,因为



,强调因果关系,在句中仅作状语,修饰句中的一部分,与


其他成分 不用逗号隔开




如:


We must not get discouraged


because of


such a minor setback




?



我们决不可因为这样一个小小的挫折而灰心丧气。



2



owing to



because of


一样,也 强调因果关系,除作状语外,也可作表语。作状语时修饰


整个句子,可在句首或句末,用 逗号隔开。


如:




They decided to cancel the flight



owing to


the storm




< p>
















航< /p>






His


death


was


owing


to


an

< p>
accident












3



due


to


引出造成后果的原因,在句中作表语、状语和定语。作表语和状语时与


owing


to


同义,作状语时,一般不与其他成 分隔开。不用于句首。


如:



This accident


was due to



owing to



his careless driving
















意< /p>








He


arrived


late



due


to



owing


to



the


storm




< br>暴











Mistakes


due


to



carelessness


may


have


serious


consequences



















< br>严









4



on account of



because of



owing to


同义,但语气 较为正式。可作状语、表语,不作定


语。


如:

< br>?



He could not come


on account of


his illness


.他因病不能前来。




That was


on account of l


ack of exercise


.那是由于缺乏锻炼。




5



thanks to


表示



幸亏,多亏



多用于表达正面意思,相当于感谢,在句中作状语和表语。



如:


Thanks to y


our advice



much trouble was save d



?


多亏你的建议,减少了许多麻烦 。






1



The wire


金属丝


is


tougher


than that. (


坚韧的,不易磨损的)



2



You need to


be


tough


enough to survive


生存


in the jungle.


(坚忍不拔的,吃苦耐劳的)



3




a


tough


criminal


罪犯(粗暴的,凶暴的)


< br>4



tough


measures to deal with terrorism


恐怖主义(强硬的,严厉的)



5



a


tough


assignment


任务


/ problem / choice


(棘手的,困难的)



6



a


tough


steak


牛排(硬的,老的)






1)V.


dress doesn’t


fit


me.


(适合)



can’t


fit


any more chairs into the room.


(容纳)



3. be


fitted with


handles


(安装)



4. His ideas did not quite


fit


in with our aims.


他的想法和我们的目标不完全一致。




(




相一致 ,相协调)




2)Adj.


keep fit


保持健康



be fit for / to do


..


合适



The book


is fit (suitable) for


children.


The fresh air


is fit to breath


.


反义词:


unfit


be unfit for / to do



区分


fit , suit, match


These shoes don’t fit me. Have you got


a larger size?


这鞋我穿不合适。你们有大点的吗?




That haircut suits you.


那种发型很适合你。



The carpets should match the curtains.


地毯应该和窗帘相配。



You can’t match him in his knowledge


of wild plants.


在野生植物知识方面,你无法与他相比。






7.



addicted adj. “


对某某上瘾


”, “


沉湎于某某




e.g. My children have become



hopelessly addicted to television.


我的几个孩子都成了电视



,


简直不可救药了。



构词法:



addict


n.


吸毒成瘾的人



addiction


n.


沉湎、成瘾



addictive adj.


使人上瘾的



addict


常用于下列结构:



addict oneself to sth.


沉溺于某物



be addicted to sth.


专心做某事


;


上了< /p>


…..


的瘾



be addicted to doing sth.



parents felt helpless when they found their son had ____ drug for long.


A.



addicted


B. addicted to



C. addicted himself



D. been addicted to








D


8. accustom v.


使人习惯于、养成习惯



e.g. She found it necessary to


accustom


her child


to getting up


early.


她觉得有必要让孩子养成早


起的好习惯。



常用句式:



1) accustom+


名词


/oneself + to+




en are quick to


accustom themselves to


new surroundings.


孩子们很快就会


适应


新环境。



2) be accustomed to +


名词



e.g. I am


accustomed to walking


long distances.


我< /p>


习惯


与长距离步行。



3) get/become/be accustomed to +


名词



e.g. You will soon get


accustomed to


the job.


你将会


习惯


于这个工作。



同义词组:


be / get / become used to



注意


:


在英语中


, to


有时为动词不定式符号


,


后跟动词原形


;


有时用作介词


,


后跟名词、


代词、


或动


名词。下面的这些短语中的


to


均为介词。




stick to


坚持












lead to


导致


,


通向








pay a visit to


参观




sentence sb. to


宣判某人





come to


谈到


,


涉及






see to


处理,负责




be up to


总计










devote…to


致力于



get down to


开始



/


着手



be opposed to / object to


反对
























be devoted to


致力于,献身于



be attached to













adjust (adapt)… to










be exposed to



look forward to












pay attention to










attend to



contribute to










turn to



















admit to



when it comes to




aw




v.








withdrawal



n.


The general refused to withdraw his troops.


(收回,撤回)



She withdrew all her savings and left the country.


(取钱,提款)





10. quit



v.


过去式和过去分词—


quit,


现在分词—


quitting,


+doing


形式


,




停止做




e.g. She


quit smoking


when she got pregnant.


她一怀孕就戒了烟。



归类记忆


:


下列动词只能用


-ing


形式作宾语



admit, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider, deny , forbid(


禁止


), fancy(


想象


), finish, keep,


mention,


mind,


miss,


pardon,


permit,


prevent,


delay,


dislike,


enjoy,


escape,


excuse,


imagine,


postpone(


推迟


), practice, quit, resist(


抵制


), risk , suggest, tolerate, understand



eg



I knew it was time to


quit smoking.



It is/was time (for sb) to do sth.


t’s time for us to study hard.


该是我们认真学习的时候了



It is (high/about) time that sb. did/should do sth.



should


不可省)

< br>


It


is/was)the first (second…) time that sb. have/has/had



done sth.



It’s high time that


we


studied/should study


hard.



It’s the first time that


my classmates and I


have got


together.


昨天晚上是我们第一次同学聚会。


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