懂你英语Lv6Unit-2

2021年2月7日发(作者：eider)

懂你英语

Lv6Unit-2

Unit 2-1 listening

退休和投资

Walter wants to retire within the next few years.

He has been working at the same company for

over 15 years as an accountant. During that

time, he’s been saving his money and paying

off that debt. However, even with his savings

and investments, he isn’t sure that

he will have

enough money for retirement. If it doesn’t, he

will have to keep on working, which depends

on the company. For now, the company is ok.

But it’s no longer growing as fast as it used to.

Whether or not he can keep on his working will

also depend on his health. Fortunately, he is in

good health. But he knows that that could

change in any time. If he fell down or had a

stroke, it could force him to stop working. If that

happened, he would have to rely on his

savings and other assets to survive. Soon or

later, he knows his health will decline and he

will have to stop working. So he needs to

prepare.

Most of his wealth is in the form of company

stock and the value of his home. Both of these

are at risk. The company stock may go down

and the value of his home may also fall. The

company he works for is a pharmaceutical(

制

药的

< p>
) company. It develops new drugs which is

risky business and sells them worldwide. It’s

expensive to develop new drugs and it can

take a very long time to get a new drug

approved. Without government approval, it

can’t be sold, which can

result in a huge loss.

Another threat the company comes from

foreign competition, which is getting stronger.

The company has also started to move some

of its researches and production facilities

oversees. Salary level is lower there, and the

quality of the foreign workers is getting better.

As a result, the company has to reduce its local

hiring and it’s

no longer giving large bonuses.

One thing he is considering, is to sell his share

in the company. He could begin to sell a little at

a time and reinvest the money in somewhere

else. But where would he invest? He doesn’t

know much about investing and several of his

friend have lost a lot by making a bad

investment. Investing in real restate or the

stock market could be very risky. In the best

case, he will make a lot of money. If that

happened, he could finally retire and enjoy a

comfortable life. On the other hand, in the

worst case, his investments could result in a

huge loss. If that happened, he woul

dn’t be

able to enjoy his retirement. He wouldn’t be

able to travel or do any of things that he’s

dreamed about doing. So now he has to decide

what he should do. Should he begin to sell his

stock in the company or should he wait until he

actually needs the money. If he sold now, he

will have to decide what to do with the money.

His investment could turn out well or it could

turn out to be a disaster. On the other hand, if

you decide to wait, anything will depend on his

company. The one advantage he has with this

options is he’s

being on the inside of the

company. With his insider information, he can

predict the company’

s shot-term future. This is

especially true because as an account, he has

an access to the company’s financial data. If

things start to go badly, he can begin to sell his

stock

and avoid a big loss. Otherwise, it’s

probably safer to keep the stock and hope that

the company does well even if its growth rate

declines. So for now, that is probably what he

should do. If you were he, what would you do?

Unit 2-1 dialogue

非洲和巴黎旅行

So, where should we go on our vacation. What

about Africa?

Africa, no, that’s not for

me. Why do you want

to go the Africa?

I’d like to get out and see the wildlife, the

drama of nature! We could see some of the

great migrations.

Wow, you are adventurer. What about food

and diseases? What about terrorism.

Sure something that could happen. But if we

never take any risks, we

won’t have an

interesting life

. I don’t want to have a boring

life.

So, you think I’m boring then, right.

Well, you’re certainly not the most exciting

person. What plays thing safe and secure.

I

don’t mind take a few r

isks but

it’s got to be

worth it. Watching animals migrate is

something I could see in a documentary. And I

don’t like the idea of being around

predators(

肉

食动物

), like lions and hyenas(

鬣狗

).

Ok, my brave man. What would you like to do?

Well, I’ve been thinking about it. I think it’s nice

to go to Paris in the fall and visit some

museums. We can go to a concert and go to

see a ballet.

Ah, we

’ve been to Paris before. That’s exciting

about it and I’m tired of museums. Any other

ideas?

One place that might be interesting is in South

America, Machu Picchu. It’s an abandoned city

way up in the mountain Peru.

Yes, I’ve heard of it. that might be interesting.

Should we look into it?

Sure,

you look into it and I’ll get some

information about trips to Africa.

So your heart is ready set on Africa, isn’t it?

Yes, it really is. I need something exciting in

my life now. all I do work and be with you. I

need a change.

Don’t you ever feel that way

?

OK, I hear you. Let’s go to Africa. And don’t

blame me if you get sick along the way.

Great, you are not so bad after all. I can always

depend on you.

Be careful. Maybe one of these days I will

surprise you.

Unit 2-1 reading

在线相亲和运动受伤

Is online dating killing love

A fair maiden is guarded by a dragon. A

handsome prince must slay(

杀

) the dragon to

save her. Then, magically, they fall in love and

live happily ever after.

Traditional stories tend to emphasize the

fantastic, magical side of love. Fate plays

matchmaker(

媒人

). Strangers see each other

from across a room and instantly know that

they are destined to be together.

It isn’t difficult to imagine two strangers coming

together and falling in love despite their

differences. It suggests that love is challenging,

uncertain and incomprehensible.

But with more people using online dating

services, a very different kind of love has

emerged: one that is scientific, convenient, and

self-directed. It minimizes risk and provides a

choice, like on a menu. There is anonymity and

avoidance(

逃避

) of immediate rejection.

Meeting terms are negotiated online.

Online dating also allows the setting of

preconditions. Computer algorithms(

程序

)

exclude undesirable traits(

个 性

/

特征

) such as

the wrong hair color, race or age. But they also

exclude randomness. They reduce the

chances of meeting someone different, or

someone who could challenge one’s romantic

ideals. Instead, they find the partner we think

we want and exclude everyone else. As a

result, we could be missing the opportunity of a

lifetime, to meet someone we would never

have expected to fall in love with.

Perhaps this new way represents a more

efficient form of romance. Traditional ideas of

love may be enchanting(

迷人的

)

–

but are they

useful? Loneliness and boredom are less

exciting than chance encounters, but they

represent the more realistic side of love. All too

often people have suffered through had dates

and humiliations(

羞辱

).

If they could just choose what they wanted.

W

ouldn’t it save time and reduce suffering?

However, by choosing partners based on our

preconceived ideas, we may be indulging in

our illusions. Instead of letting ourselves grow

with someone, love becomes more about

looking for ourselves in the other. What if we

don’t know ourselves as well as we think?

Perhaps love isn’t about knowing what we

want. Perhaps it’s about being open to

unimagined possibilities.

Sport injuries

Sport injuries are injuries that happen to

athletes participating in sporting events. In

many cases, these types of injuries are due to

overuse of a part of the body. For example,

runner’s knee is a painful condition associated

with running, while tennis elbow is a form of

repetitive stress injury at the elbow. Other

types of injuries, such as a broken bone, can

be caused by hard contact with something.

Injuries are a common occurrence in

professional sports, and most teams have a

staff of trainers and close connections to the

medical community. Controversy has arisen at

times when teams have made decisions that

could

threaten a player’s long

-term health for

short- team gain.

Sport injuries can be classified as either

traumatic(

外伤的

) or overuse injuries.

Traumatic injuries account for most injuries in

contact sports such as soccer, rugby(

英式橄榄

球

), and American football. This is of course

due to the dynamic and high collision nature of

these games. These injuries range from

bruises and muscle strains to fractures and

head injuries.

A bruise is damage to small blood vessels

which causes bleeding within the tissues. A

muscle strain is a small tear of muscle fibers

and a ligament sprain(

韧带拉伤

) is a small tear

of ligament tissue. The body’s response to

these injuries is the same in the initial five-day

period immediately following the incident

–

inflammation(

发炎

). Inflammation is

characterized by pain, localized swelling, heat,

redness and a loss of function.

Inflammation is the first phase of healing, and

typically lasts for around five days. However,

too much of an inflammatory response can

mean that the healing process will take longer,

and a return to activity is delayed. Sports injury

treatments are intended to minimize the

inflammatory phase of an injury so that the

overall healing process is accelerated.

Runner’s knee is a painful injury that’s

due to

overuse.

Inflammation is the first phase of healing and

typically lasts for around 5 days.

Unit 2-2 listening

情态动词

Now that you have studied in English at a high

lever, let’s get a better understanding of the

models. By now, you should already have a

good understanding of what they meant. There

are the models which are used to express the

degree of certainty.

Will shall may can

These models are used to make predictions,

judgements and speculations. They indicate

how much a speaker knows about the

likelihood of an event.

First, the model will express certainty as in if

you heat water, it will boil. Based on what is

known, the speaker is certain it would happen.

The model may express possibility, as in it may

rain this evening, but I’m not sure. Based on

what is known, the speaker asserts that event

is possible rather than certain or impossible.

The model can express the potentiality or

ability, as in he can afford it, but he may decide

not to buy.

The model “shall” is a bit different from others.

Tina shall be there means the speaker is

determined that Tina will be there. In other

words, the speaker is determined to get her to

come and would try to influence events to

make it happen. We would never say it shall

rain. Nobody can make it rain so whether it rain

or not is beyond one’s control. If

some were to

say that, it would seem as they were claiming

the power to control or influence nature. Know

that the question shall I open the door invites

the person who is asked to make a decision.

Whether or not the door is open depends on

the person’s answer. In contrast, will I open the

door ask for a prediction rather a decision.

Know what these models can be weakened or

removed or by some of these pass time form.

Would should might could

We would go if we had more money but we

don’t. this sentence expresses the speaker’s

certainty of going if they had more money,

which they

don’t. so the certain prediction

exists but in an imaginary or unreal situation.

The model might express less possibility than

may so might go is less likely than may go. The

models could express less potentiality than can

and it’s often used in conditiona

ls(

从句

). If he

could come expresses less potential than if he

can come. If he could come, we would all be

happier expresses the feeling that in fact he

can’t come.

Here are the second sets of model.

Must, should, had, better ought

These models express degree of logical force

or social expectations. Know that none of them

has a past time or weakened form.

The first one must indicates logical or social

necessity. It expresses the strongest logical or

social force.

The model should and ought to assert that

something is probably or expected but not

necessary.

The model had better expresses advice or

ability. In other words, if someone had better

do something, they should do it or there may

be negative consequences. Therefore, had

better has a feeling of threat, as in you had

better be there. This isn’t the same as you

should do it, which means you are expected to

do it but without an applied threat if you don’t.

One interesting rule is that no more than one

model can be used with any verb. There are no

exceptions to this rule

. Therefore, it’s incorrect

to say “he will must be there”. To avoid

breaking this rule, there are other words that

have the same meaning but are not models.

The case of must, for example, we use have to,

as in we will have to be there. Similarly, we

cannot say he may can come. Instead, we say

he may be able to come.

One last thing to know about models. We use

the same form regardless of what the subject is.

If the subject is I, it, we or they, we use the

same form will. We would never say “we wills

be there”. But with non

-model form, such as

have to, we must change the form to match the

subject. He has to be there and I have to be

there.

We shall overcome all obstacles express

determination to make it happen.

We

don’t know for sure but there is still a

possibility that they can leave on Friday.

Unit 2-2 dialogue

感情和分手

What’s wrong? You look awful.

My boyfriend and I had just had another fight. I

think I’m going to break up with him.

Hey,

you’ve said that before. Calm down. Is

that really what you want to do?

Yeah, I think so.

I don’t see any future in our

relationship.

Is that anyone else you’re interested in?

No, but there are some guys on the internet

who have sent my messages.

What?

You’ve been online.

Sure, just for fun.

It’s nice to know that I can meet people if I want

to.

Does your boyfriend know about it?

No, if he knew, he would be furious. He can be

very jealous and he has a violent temper.

Anyway, what was your fight about?

It’s just the way he talked to me. He never

shows any interested in what I’m doing or in

what I’m feeling. if I had a bad headache or

anything he says nothing.

So who started the fight?

He came over and wanted to kiss me and I

turned away. I told him I d

idn’t

feel anything for

him right then. So then he got angry and we

both blew up. Now we are not talking to each

other.

Oh is that all? That kind of thing is normal.

Maybe you’re overreacting.

No, it’s just that I’m

beginning to realize that I

don’t

feel anything for him anymore.

Our relationship is getting cold. We don’t feel

appreciated.

Well then maybe you should break up for a

while and start seeing other men. But be

careful. If I were you, I wouldn’t start seeing

anyone else until I break up first.

What do you think so?

If he sees that you’re serious about breaking

up, he may change.

Maybe, but I doubt it.

It could be that he feels the same way about

you. Maybe he has lost interest. So it’s best to

find out. You need to have a serious

conversation with him.

You

’re right. Maybe it’s time to really find out.

Unit 2-2 reading

爱情和旅游胜地马丘比丘

The love lab

How we communicate with our romantic

partners can have a strong impact on the

quality of our relationships. Psychologists John

and Julie Gottman run the “Love Lab”, where

thousands of couples have been studied over

the last 30 years. The purpose of their

research is to determine the factors that lead to

happy and unhappy relationships. From their

data, they have concluded that contempt(

轻蔑

),

criticism, defensiveness, and stonewalling are

the most significant factors that can hurt a

marriage or relationship.

Among these, contempt is the biggest predictor

of divorce. People who feel contempt for their

partner often convey disapproval without

addressing the issue. They sometimes label

their partner with insulting words such as “lazy”,

“stupid” or “emotional” which

is particularly

damaging.

Many couples try to address issues by

criticizing their partner’s flaws or mistakes

directly. Being too direct with criticism can hurt

your partner’s self

-esteem. Some people may

react to criticism by stonewalling, where they

refuse to acknowledge and respond to their

partner for a period of time. Unfortunately,

fighting back or ignoring your partner can make

it difficult to determine the root of your

problems. If your partner feels that they aren’t

valued, it may lead to increased dissatisfaction

with the relationship. The Gottmans maintain

that being aware of these factors in

communication is the first step to improving a

relationship. It is important to acknowledge that

all relationships have issues. The goal

shouldn’t be to avo

id these issues, but to learn

to resolve them. In particular, we should avoid

communication in ways that hurt our partner’s

self-esteem. It is better to discuss problems in

a way that is less confrontational and can

better help your partner sympathize with your

perspective. For example, rather than saying

why are you ignoring me. It’s rude! One could

say I feel hurt and undervalued when I don’t

get a response from you. By being conscious

of how we communicate with our partner, we

can begin to build a healthier relationship.

Their research has given us insight into how to

make our relationships better.

The lost city of the Incas

Machu Picchu is one of the world’s most

impressive historical sites. It was built around

1450 by the Incas, who ruled most of south

America at that time. They called themselves

children of the Sun, the powerful god they

worshipped as the source of light and life.

Located in the Andes Mountains of Peru, at

8000 feet above sea level, the “City of the

Incas” was

mysteriously abandoned just 100

years after its construction. This was when the

Spanish were beginning their conquest of the

Inca Empire, in the 1530’s. there is no

evidence that the Spanish invaders ever

attacked or even reached the mountaintop city,

so many believe that the

city’s inhabitants

deserted(

抛弃

) the site because of a small pow

epidemic.

The city was almost forgotten until 1911 when

it was discovered by an American historian,

Hiram Bingham, after he heard rumors of its

existence. Bingham was led to the site by local

farmers and was amazed by what he saw,

which seemed like an unbelievable dream. He

wondered if anyone would believe what he had

found.

Though the surrounding jungle had overgrown

the site, what remained was impressive. The

city had been built on a remote and nearly

inaccessible mountaintop, often shrouded in

clouds. Forty rows of farming terraces(

梯田

)

hued the steep mountainside, each over 10

feet high and liked together by over 3000 stone

steps. Among the city were what appeared to

be neighborhoods of homes and exquisite(

精

致的

) stone buildings that are thought to be

temples. Even today, the mystery remains as

to the purpose of these temples, how the city

was used and what its citizens did.

Despite its remote location, Machu Picchu has

become one of the most popular tourist

destinations in the world. Every year,

thousands of people travel to Peru to admire its

magnificent stonework and breathtaking

design. What they see is a wonderful harmony

between the city and the landscape around it

that is captivating.

Unit 2-3 listening

凯撒和肯尼迪之死

In this course we have tried to prepare you to

understand

and

discuss

important

topics

that

are often in the news. Sometimes the news is

good

news,

but

all

too

often

we

learn

of

problems and crises. Once in a while, an event

is

extraordinary

and

will

change

the

word.

In

this lesson, we focus on 2 events that changed

history forever.

One

of

the

most

famous

assassinations

in

history was the assassination of Julius Caesar.

At the time of his death in 44 DC, he was the

leader of Roman empire. His title was Dictator