DIS前缀

”（识别出、分辨出）

1.

The

‘

root prefix

’

‘

dis

’

never

changes when used as a

‘

living

’

prefix. For example:

“前缀词根”“

dis

”在作为一个“ 自由”前缀被使用时

永远

不变。例如：

‘

dislike

< br>’

()

For living prefixes a hyphen can be used unless the usage is well established; in

which case the solid form is more common. For more details about hyphens see the

Supplement

‘

The use of hyphens

’

.

除非对于一个单词的不使用连字符的写法已广泛为人们所接受，

便可以使用连字符把自由 前

缀与这个单词连接起来。

在为人们 所广泛接受的写法中，不使用连字符的这种固定的形态

更常见。关于连字符的详细用法见 附录“连字符的使用”。

Double consonant rule

双辅音规则

The

‘

s

’

of the

‘

dis

’

changes in front of a word beginning with the

consonant

f

and is replaced by the first consonant of the word. This produces a

double consonant, for example:

“

dis

”中的“

s

”在以辅音字母

开头的单词之前改变，并被那个单词的第一个辅音字母所

替换。这样就产生了双辅音，例如

:

From

‘

dis

’

+

‘

fere

’

= di+f +fere

from which we get the English word:

‘

diffe r

’

从中引申出了英语单词：“

differ

”（不同于??）

Drop the

‘

s

’

rule

去掉“

s

”规则

The

‘

s

’

of

the

‘

dis

’

drops

out

in

front

of

a

word

beginning

with

the

consonants:

g,

l, m, n,

and

v

. for example:

如 果

“

dis

”

在以辅音：

g

、

l

、

m

、

n

和

v

开头的单词之前，

去掉

“

dis

”

中的

“

s

”

。

例如：

‘

dis

’

+

‘

vertere

’

=

‘

diverter e

’

from which we get the English word:

‘

diver t

’

从中引申出了英语单词：“

divert

”（使转向、使转移）

This list of words has been divided into 6 parts:

Part 1 has all the words that

follow

the

‘

No

change

rule

’

and

Part

2

has

those

words

that

follow

the

‘

Double

consonant

rule

’

.

Part

3

has

all

the

words

that

follow

the

‘

Drop

the

s

rule

’

.

Part 4 contains all the words that are of a

different

Latin origin, and Part 5

lists

all

the

words

that

are

from

other

languages.

Part

6

has

all

the

hybrid

words.

这个单 词表分为六部分：

第一部分是所有遵循

“没有变化的规则”

的单词；

第二部分是所有

遵循

“双辅音规则”

的单词；第三部分是所有遵循

“去掉 ‘

s

’规则”

的单词；第四部分是

所有源于

其它

拉丁词根的单词；

其它

语言的单词；

合词。

Part 1

No change rule

第一部分

没有变化的规则

Before the vowels and before the consonants: b, c, d, h, j, p, q, r, s, and t.

在元音字母和辅音字母

b

、

c

、

d

、

h

、

j

、

p

、

q

、

r

、

s

和

t

之前

Before the vowels: a, e, i, o, and u.

在 元音字母

a

、

e

、

i

、

o

和

u

之前

a

disable

dis-

ablen

(v.)

disaffected

dis-

affected.

d

é

s-

< /p>

agr

é

er< /p>

(see

agree

)

disappear

dis-

appear.

.

disappoint

des-

appointer

disapprove

approve,

.

disarm

des-

armer

(see

arm

)

disarray

dis-

array.

disavow

dis-

avow.

e

disease

des-

aise

disembark

Fr.

desembarquer.

disembodied

dis-

embodied.

disembowel

dis-

+

embowel.

.

disenchant

des-

enchanter

disenfranchise

dis-

+

enfranchise.

.

disengage

dis-

engage

(q.v.).

i

disillusion

dis-

+

illusion

(q.v.).

disincentive

dis-

+

incentive

(q.v.).

disinclined

dis-

+

inclined

(q.v.).

disinfect

dis-

+

infect

(q.v.).

disinformation

- 1955, from Rus.

dezinformatsiya

(1949).

disingenuous

-

dis-

ingenuous

(q.v.).

disinherit

dis-

inherit.

Replaced earlier

desherit

(c.1290), from

.

desheriter,

from

des-

hereditare

disintegrate

dis-

integrate

(q.v.).

disinter

d

é

s-

enterrer

inter

).

disinterested

disinvestment

- 1938, first recorded in writings of J.M. Keynes

o

disobey

dis-

from L.L.

inobedire,

a back-formation from

inobediens

obeying,

in-

obedire

(see

obey

). First record

of

disobedience

is c.1400.

disorder

dis-

order.

from .

desordainer,

from

M.L.

disordinare

dis-

+

ordinare

disorganize

d

é

s-

organiser

disorient

d

é

s-

orienter

(see

orient

(v.)).

disown

dis-

+

own

(v.).

u

No examples

Before the consonants: b, c, d, h, j, p, q, r, s, and t.

在辅音字母

b

< br>、

c

、

d

、

h

、

j

、

p

、

q

、< /p>

r

、

s

和

t

之前

b

disbar

dis-

bar

in the legal sense.

disband

des-

band

(q.v.).

disburse

des-

bourse

bursar

).

c

discard

dis-

card

discern

dis-

cernere

discharge

dis-

carricare

disciple

dis-

capere

discipline

(see

disciple

).

disclaim

des-

+

clamer

(see

claim

).

Disclaimer

denial

disclose

des-

clore

close

(v.)).

discolor

des-

+

colourer

colorare

(see

color

).

discomfort

Fr.

desconfort

(12c.)., originally

disconcert

dis-

concerter

(see

concert

).

disconnection

dis-

connection

.

disconsolate

L.

dis-

consolatus,

pp.

of

consolari

(see

console

(v.)).

discontent

dis-

content

(adj.).

discontinue

.L.

discontinuare,

rom

dis-

+

continuare

continue.

discord

dis-

cor

(gen.

cordis

)

discount

des-

conter

count

(v.)).

discountenance

des-

contenancer

(see

countenance

).

discourage

des-

corage

(see

courage

).

discourse

dis-

currere

discourtesy

dis-

courtesy

(q.v.).

discover

dis-

cooperire

discredit

dis-

credit

.

discreet

Fr.

discret,

from L.

discretus

(see

discern

).

discrepancy

dis-

crepare

discrete

see

discreet

.

discretion

discre-

stem of

discernere

(see

discern

).

discriminate

(see

discern

).

discussion

dis-

quatere

d

disdain

des-

deignier

deign

).

h

dishonest

dis-

honestus

honest

). The L. form

was

dehonestus.

dishonor

dis-

honor

(q.v.).

Exception

例外

dishevel

des-

chevel

capillus

j

disjointed

(

see disjunctive)

disjunctive

dis + jungere

”

to join

”

p

disparage

des-

parage

peerage

).

disparate

dis-

parare

disparity

.

dis-

paritas

(gen.

paritatis

)

dispassionate

dis-

pasionate

(q.v.).

dispatch

Sp.

despacher

empachar

L.

pedica

impeach

).

dispel

dis-

pellere

dispense

dis-

pendere

disperse

dis-

spargere

displace

des-

placer

display

dis-

plicare

displease

dis-

placere

Displeasure

first attested

c.1470.

disport

des-

porter

dispose

from

dis-

ponere

dispossess

des-

possesser

disproportionate

dis-

proportionate.

disprove

des-

prover

dispute

dis-

putare

sense of

q

disqualify

dis-

+

qualify

(q.v.).

r

disregard

dis-

+

regard

(q.v.).

disrepair

dis-

+

repair

(n.).

disrepute

dis-

+

repute

. First record of

disreputable

is from 1772.

disrespect

dis-

+

respect.

disrobe

dis-

+

robe.

disruption

dis-

rumpere

Exceptions

例外

direct

dirigere

dis-

regere

dirge

dirigere

s

dissatisfaction

dis-

+

satisfaction.

dissection

dis-

secare

dissemble

(see

dissimulation

).