-
拓展训练
2020
年中考英语专题分类卷
题型二阅读理解（判断正（
T
）误（
F
）型阅读卷一）
Passage 1(2018
.
陕西
)
Now,it seems that artificial
intelligence (
人工智能
)is
becoming more and more popular in
our
life, and it has greatly influenced the ways we
live, work and play. Can you imagine that you
can play table tennis with a robot one
day?
Recently,a
scientist
has
invented
a
special
robot
that
can
be
a
table
tennis
coach.
That
means
people can practice table tennis not only with
humans but also with a robot.
Named Forpheus,the smart table tennis
robot is quite special. It can study the movements
of human players and the speeds of the
ball. In this way,it can exactly
judge(
判断
) the players'
skill levels (
水平
)
. Then it uses the information to change the ways
to play. If the players are just
beginners,Forpheus will play in a slow
and easy way, but if the players are better ones,
the robot
will play in a faster and
more difficult way. What's more, while playing, it
encourages players to
try their best
with words like
same time,
it gives
some good advice to improve
their skills. So it is both a good partner and a
clever coach.
`
Science and
technology is developing quickly these days and
it's hard to
imagine what
will
happen in the future.
play table tennis or even invents
another one !
(
)1. Artificial intelligence
has influenced people's life in many ways.
(
)2. Forpheus is the name of the
inventor of the robot.
(
) robot can
judge the skill levels of human players exactly.
;.
(
)4. One robot will probably
teach another to play table tennis in the future.
(
)5. The robot can encourage the human
players, but it can't give advice.
Passage 2(2018
.
长春
)
Shakespeare
(
莎士比亚
) and Company,the name
of an independent bookstore, may be the
most
famous
bookstore
in
the
world.
It
is
in
Paris.
The
bookstore
is
not
very
big,
but
lots
of
people
are always waiting to get into it .on weekends and
during the busy summer months.
In
1951,
a
new
English-Ianguage
bookstore
named
Mistral
was
opened
in
quickly
became
the
center
of
culture
in
Paris.
In
1964,on
the
400
anniversary(
周年纪念
)
of
Shakespeare's
birth,
the
owner
of
the
bookstore
gave
it
a
new
name
Shakespeare
and
Company
have been there.
Shakespeare and Company is not only an
exciting bookstore, but it also provides a place
for
English-speaking
travelers
to
hold
festivals
of
writing,reading,
and
art.
What's
more,
besides
getting reading
materials, writers can help out in the bookstore
in exchange for staying there for
free.
It can offer living places and food to five or six
writers at a time. The writers may stay as long
as they want to. The owner is happy to
provide writers with places to write. He often
says,
this because when I was traveling
around the world, many people gave me help. Now I
want to
help other people.
The bookstore holds many meaningful
events, such as reading, discussions and story
hours.
All of these events are free. So
if you are in the city, be sure to check the
schedule of the events
ahead of time.
You won't be disappointed if you can join in them.
(
)1. Shakespeare and Company is an
independent bookstore in Paris.
(
)2. The owner
gave his bookstore a new name
(
)-speaking
travelers can hold a festival of writing in the
bookstore.
(
)4.
The
owner
provides
writers
with
places
to
write
because
he
has
received
help
from
others.
(
)5.
If you want to join in the events in the
bookstore,you should pay some money.
Passage 3(2018
.
郎阳
)
Shaoyang is in the southwest of Hunan
province. It covers an
area of 20,876
square kilometers and has a population of about 8.
3
million.
Shaoyang
has
a
history
of
over
2,500
years and
remains
an
important city in Hunan.
There is lots of beautiful
scenery(
风景
) all over
Shaoyang. Mount Nanshan with large green
hills,
grassland
and
clear
water
won
high
praise
from
Tao
Yuanming.
Mount
Langshan
has
different
kinds
of
stones
and
its
peaks(
山峰
)
are
in
strange
shapes
and
different
sizes.
Mount
Yunshan is well-known
for it's
mysterious fairyland
(
神秘的仙境
). Huangsang has a
well-kept forest with unusual birds and
animals, which is worth a visit.
Many famous people in
Chinese history such as Wei Yuan and Cai E left
their footprints in
Shaoyang.
Wei
Yuan was
famous
for
his
HaiguoTuzhi
and
Cai
E
was
best
known
for
his
role
in
righting against Yuan Shikai.
Now the transportation in
Shaoyang is very convenient. Welcome to Shaoyang.
(
)1. Shaoyang is in the northwest of
Hunan provmce.
(
)2. Shaoyang has a history
of over 2,500 years.
(
)3. The peaks in Mount
Langshan are in different shapes and sizes.
(
)4. Huangsang has many unusual birds
and animals.
)5. Wei Yuan
was famous for fighting against Yuan Shikai.
Passage 4(2018
.
青岛
)
Sometimes people cry when they are sad.
Other times people cry tears
of joy.
But your eyes make tears all the time, whether you
are crying or not.
Do
you
know
the
tears
help
keep
your
eyes
healthy?
They
keep
your
eyes
from drying out. A
special area of the eye drips
(
滴
) all the keeps the
eye humid.
If you look in a
mirror, you can see tiny holes in the corners of
your eyes. Each hole leads to a
small
tube that runs to your nose. Tears run slowly into
this tube drip by drip. Day and night the
holes drain
(
流走
)the tears away. If they
didn't,you would always look as if' you were
crying.
If you begin to cry, there are
many more tears. The holes can't drain all of
them. Then extra
tears run out onto
your face.
Tears help keep
eyes safe. If there is something harmful in the
air,the eyes fill with tears.
These
tears coat your eyes. They keep the harmful air
out.
Contact lenses
(
隐形眼镜
) can make the eyes too
dry. Some people have to add tears to
their eyes. They buy bottles of eye
drops to keep their eyes wet.
(
)1. Eyes make
tears no matter how people feel.
(
)2. When you
cry, tears run into your nose or onto your face.
(
)
there is something harmful in the air, tears
protect your eyes by covering them.
(
)4. Contact
lenses make you have more tears in your eyes.
(
)5. Tears are harmful to your eyes.
Passage 5(2018
.
呼和浩特
)
Sometimes,
you
worry
that
you
may
fail
an
exam,you
end
up
failing.
Or
during
a
seating
arrangement (
安排
)in your
class,when you are afraid to sit next to someone
you don't
like,you end up sharing the
desk with him or her.
This is what
Murphy's Law tells us: If things can go wrong,they
will go wrong. But is it true?
Of
the
studies
about
Murphy's
Law,the
most
famous
one
is
the
buttered
toast
(
烤面包
片
)phenomenon
(
现象
) :One toast with butter
falls,it lands butter- side down most of the time.
To
prove
this,
Robert
Matthews
did
a
lot
of
experiments
with
more
than
1,000
British
school kids in 2001.
In the first
experiment,each student put a piece of buttered
toast on a plate,let it fall off 20
times and noted which side it landed
on. Of almost 10,000 experiments,toast landed
butter-side
down 62 percent of the
time.
But
you
may
ask:
Is
it
the
butter
that
plays
a
role?
Here
comes
Matthews'
second
experiment.
This
time,instead of butter,the toast had a letter
percent of the time on the B-side.
This proved that Murphy's
Law is true: If the toast can land butter-side
down,it will do so.
Matthews
did
another
experiment.
When
students
threw
the
toast
from
a
height
of
2.
5
metres,the
toast landed butter-side down only 47 percent of
the time.
lands
butter-side
down
because
humans
aren't
tall
enough
to
let
it
land
any
other
way,
(
)1. According to Murphy's Law,in an
English class,if you don't want to be questioned
by the
teacher, you may end up failing
answering the questions.
(
)
the
first
experiment
of
buttered
toast,
we
know
the
toast
landed
butter-side
down
about 620 times.
(
)3. If the toast can land butter-side
down,Murphy's Law is true.
(
)4. In the first two experiments,either
the butter or the letter
(
)5. The passage
is mainly talking about Murphy's Law depends on
people's mentalstate
(
心
理状态
) .
Passage 6(2018
.
绥化
)
Do you have
a nickname(
呢称
)? Most of us
do by our looks, clothing, or personality. But for
cities, the meaning of their nicknames
has much more than that.
Many big cities have nicknames, such as
New York-The Big Apple,London-The Great Smog,
and Rome-The
Eternal(
永恒的
) City. Why do
cities have such nicknames?
In the 1920s,there were many races in
New York. People called the prizes of these races
apples. Writer John J. Fitz Gerald
first called New York the Big Apple, because New
York is the
place that many people
dreamed of going to for the biggest prize of all.
For
Rome,
as
the
name
suggests,
the
answer
is
simple,
Romans
believed
that
no
matter
what happened to the world, Rome would
go on forever. Rome has been an important center
of
power for more than 2,000 years.
As for London, in the Victorian period,
it had problems with its air. Later in
1952,serious air
pollution made 10,000
people fall ill. But now the air of London has
become better.
Does that
sound interesting? Does your city have a nickname?
(
)1. Most of us get our nicknames only
by our looks.
(
)2. The Great Smog is the nickname of
London.
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