-
should have done
的用法
用于表示惊奇和欣喜的句子中，表示“竟然”
< br>、
“居然”等含义
1).
Why should the door be
locked?
为什么居然把门锁起来了
?
2). It is wonderful that you should
have achieved so much in these years.
这
几年中你们竟然取
得如此大的成就，真了不起
!
（注意这里主语从句内出现时间状语
in
these
years
，一般要求
用现在完成时，
而使用
should
是为了表示惊异、赞叹意味。
have done
表示竟然做了某事，体现
说话者一种惊奇、惊讶、不相信的语气：
The
painting considered to have been copied should
have won the prize.
那副被认为是复制品的画竟然获得了大奖。
have done
还可以表示“本来应该做某事而实际上没有做”
You should have finished your homework
earlier, but you didn't
。
注意：
should have done
只用于谈论过去情况，主要
有两个用法：一是用于推测过去已经发生的情
况，二是用于指本该发生而实际上未发生的
情况。如：
You should have told
me so before.
你早就应该告诉我。
He should have arrived by now.
此时他本该到了。
Look at
the time! We should have been at the theatre ten
minutes ago.
瞧都什么时候了
!
十分
钟前我们就该到戏院了。
附：有关
should
的用法：
一、作
shal
l
的过去式，多用于间接引语中，表示“提议、探询、许诺、要求、命令、决定、
必要”等。
1. She asked
me if she should open the window.
2.
She said she should buy me a dictionary.
3. Should I type these letters for
you?(
提议、探询
)
二、用于虚拟语气中，作虚拟语气的标志词。
1. We should never have built the
bridge without your
help.(
与过去相反
)
2.
If it should rain tomorrow, I
wouldn
’
t go
out.(
与将来相反
)
3.
She insisted that we (should) stay.
4.
His order is that we (should) do that at once.
三、表示“推断”
，
作“可能、应该、会是”等。
me
know if you should hear some more news?
2. I told Sally to fix him up with his
job, but perhaps I should have written it out for
her.
3. I felt sure that we should meet
again.
4. The effect of tax should be
felt in higher prices.
四、表示“应该、应当”
，比
must
预期稍弱，同义词为
ought to
。
1.
Everyone should know some first aid.
2.
You shouldn’t move if you are badly
hurt.
3. Elder brothers
should take care of their younger brothers and
sisters.
五、表示客气和委婉的语气。
1. I would be very grateful if you
should let me know about it.
2. I
should say that you have done much to me.