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雅思培训丨雅思写作考点剖析与语料库
（系列文章之全球化类考点与语料库）
朗阁雅思培训中心
张仁超
一、话题概述
全球化指的是世界各国
之间的经济文化交流联系更加密切。朗阁雅思培训中心资深写作专家分析，雅
思写作考点
在于分析多元化国家的利弊，主要体现于
语言，贸易，旅游
这三
个方面的利弊影响。
二、历年考试频度
雅思写作的全球化
类话题基本属于每年必考类，历年频度如下表：
2004:
4/35
2008: 5/46
2012: 6/48
2016
年
1
月至
5
月频度：
2016
年
< br>1
月
9
日
4
月
2
日
题型
利弊类
Topic
国际：各国差异减小（相同的电影，品牌，时尚，广告）
2005: 5/36
2009: 4/45
2013: 3/48
2006: 4/36
2010: 3/48
2014: 2/48
2007: 3/42
2011: 4/47
2015: 4/52
单方观点
国际：多文化社会，利大于弊
三、考点分析：
以下，朗阁雅思培训
中心的资深写作专家将为大家整理分析
2004
年至
2016
年所有全球化类考题。
1.
国际文化融合与差异
考点题
1
：
Many
countries
now
have
people
from
different
cultures
and
ethnic
groups.
What is the reason for this? Is it a
positive or negative development?
(121013)
题意：国家有不
同文化种族的人口。原因，积极
or
消极？
考点分析：多元文化
multiculturalism
的好处是促进文化的融合，鼓励思维的多样性，带动社会创
新。
而缺点则可能导致文化同化
cultural
assimilation,
会导致民族间的文化冲突
cultural
conflict
。
近似题：
（
1
）多重文化的社会（不同种族的人住在一起）利大于弊？<
/p>
(060825=061021=160402)
考点题
2
：
Some
people
regard
the
increasing
business
and
cultural
contact
between
countries
as
a
positive
development.
Others,
however,
feel
these
leading
to
loss
of
national
identities.
Discuss
both
the
views
and
give
your
opinion.
(040821=051029=150829)
题意：国家间商务文化交流有积极影响，还是降低国家特性？
考点分析：商务文化交流的好处是促进商务与文化合作共赢，而缺点则可能导致竞争，带
来同化或消
亡。
近似题：
（
1
）国与国差异减少，人们选择趋向一致
(031206=04
0327=160109)
（
2
）全
球的风景变得越来越相似，原因？利大于弊？
(090829)
2.
语言、贸易、旅游细节考点
以下列举
的考点
3-7
属于考点
1
与考点
2
的细节考点，与考点
1
与考点
2
语料相通。
考点题
3
：语言
Across the world
today, the use of many languages has been
declining. Only a
few
languages
have
been
increasingly
used.
Is
this
a
positive
or
negative
development?
(131116)
题意：许多语言
使用量减少，少数语言使用量增加，积极或消极？
考点分析：
语言的灭绝体现出人类文化交流密切与文化多样性
cultural
diversity
的丢失。
近似题：
（
1
）语言灭绝让人更容易生活，所以不重要
(041030)
（
2
）英语作为国际性语言的利超过弊
(050416)
（
3
）一些人认为应该发明一种国际交流的新语言，利大于弊
(070818)
考点题
4
：贸易
Some
people
think
developing
countries
should
invite
foreign
companies
to
open
branches,
offices
and
factories
to
promote
their
economies.
Others
say
that
they
should
keep
the
foreign
companies
out
and
depend
more
on
their
own local companies. Describe both
views and give your opinion. (120107)
题意：引进外企
or
保护本国禁止外企？
考点分析：引进外企，促进合作
与竞争，改善地区服务，同时会影响本地企业市场。
近似题：
（
1
）跨国公司全球化对每个人都有积极影响
(120209)
考点题
5
：
旅游
国际：
International
tourism
has
become
a
huge
industry
in
the
world.
Do
the
problems of international travel
outweigh its advantages? (060520)
题意：国际旅游成为一个巨大的产业
-
弊大于利
考点分析：促进就业，推
动地区经济文化，同时影响地区环境与生态，以及文化同化与冲突。
近似题：
（
1
）国际旅行越便宜，游客越来越多，利弊
< br> (081120=121020)
（
2
）国际性旅游有负面影响，原因措施
(150530)
考点题
6
：
旅游偏见
International travel
makes people prejudiced more than board-mind, why
does
this phenomenon happen? How to
improve the understanding of countries
they visit?
(031011=040403=080821=100626=150813)
题意：国际旅行有时会让人们更偏见而不是心胸开阔，原因及措施
考点分析：旅游者自身素质及地区文化宣传与了解不足，引起文化冲突，应从相关方面改
善。
近似题：
（
1
）去他国旅游，是效仿他国风俗习惯，还是当地应该迎合文化多样性
< br> (050305=050820)
考点题
7
：进口
As
global trade increases, many goods, even some
daily goods, are exported to
another
country,
which
includes
long-distance
transport
during
shipping.
Do
you
think its benefits outweigh its
drawbacks
?
(081204≈
05.11.12)
题意：进口商品，利弊
考点略析：促进各国优势资源利用与自身经济发展，改善地区相关服务，带来环境污染，影响本地相
关产业。
近似题：
（
1
）进口各国食品利大于弊？
(080223)
（
2
）国家应自产食物而尽可能少进口
(110226)
（
3
）传统饮食被外国快餐取代对家庭社会产生不良影响
(110623)
考点题
8
：
国际援助
Some
people
think
that
developing
countries
need
financial
help
from
international organizations. Others
think that it is practical aid and advice that
is needed. Discuss these views and give
your own opinion. (090207=090627)
题意：给与多种援助而非经济援助
考点略析：深度合作，授之以渔。
近似题：
有人认为资助贫困国家弊大于利
(071124=131010)
慈善援助应向最迫切的地区
or
本国
(100109=091121=150606)
与其他话题合并性题：
（
1
）全球合作有助于环保还是商业
(080726)
（
2
）国际旅游和贸易促进社会发展
(100617=140821)
< br>（
3
）出国旅游去了解他国
or
通过电视和互联网
(110127)
（
4
）大多数严峻的问题只能通过国际协作解决
(120121)
（
5
）如今我们面临全世界的各种问题，因此国家之间良好的关系很重要
(070721)
（
6
）各国科学技术趋向同一性，原因
及利弊
(121117)
（
7
）学生应该花时间在不同的国家生活和学习不同语言和文化，同意与否
(131121)
四、考点论据
朗阁雅思培训中心资深
写作专家分析指出，本类别考题应依据十年同类所有话题考点，进行针对性地
道
性
语
料
补
充
，
地
道
< br>素
材
来
源
于
《
the
economist
》
,
《
The
Guardian
》
,
《
National
Geographic
》
,
《
The
Atlantic
》等。
1.
全球化的原因
（
1
）
经济
< br>层面，各个国家生产本国特定优势的产品，通过贸易，可以给进口国和出口国都带来好处。
各国经济发展又为贸易旅游及文化方面的全球交流提供物质条件。
（
2
）
技术
层面，互联网、媒体科技、交通工具的迅猛发展促进各国经济文化的密切交流。
（
3
）
国
家
层面，随着国家之间的接触增多，国家之间签署一系列合作规章来促进各国发展与国际
性
问题处理。
①原因概述：
At least
four factors have contributed to globalization:
1.
technological
change, particularly the ICT revolution;
2.
the spread of
market-based systems;
3.
domestic
politics
—
pro-globalization
forces are more politically significant; and
inter-
state rivalries.
②原因拓展
1
：
Technological
development,
from
better
transportation
and
carrier
services
to
the
telephone
and mass media, has created a smaller, more
integrated world
，
which makes
the world even smaller and more
integrated. Communications, trade and employment,
personal
and
political
transactions
are
now
occurring
on
a
global
scale,
in
real
time,
ignoring boundaries
between states.
③原因拓展
2
：
the
closer integration of the countries and peoples of
the world which has been brought
about
by
the
enormous
reduction
of
costs
of
transportation
and
communication,
and
the
breaking
down
of
artificial
barriers
to
the
flows
of
goods,
services,
capital,
knowledge, and (to a lesser extent)
people across borders.
2.
全球化的价值
（
1
）
经济
上，国家与地区经济发展
，就业机会增加，产品服务丰富。
（
2
）
技术
上，落后国家因此可以学习发
达国家的技术或者企业的管理方法等；而发达国家可以依靠
技术移民来补充劳动力。
（
3
）
政治
上和
社会
上，国家
之间的联系增多，有助于和平地协商处理问题。
（
4
）
文化
上，人们开拓视
野，增进了解，消除误会，从而可以更融洽地相处。
①全球化促进资源有效利用
The
booming
international
trade
can
closely
integrate
a
wide
range
of
resources
of
different countries, which enables many
nations to share resources to achieve the goal
of complementing each other’s
strengths.
For instance, the
international business made
possible
by
air
travel
and
telecommunication
has
enabled
businessmen
from
less
developed countries to
introduce the state-of-the-art facilities from
prosperous nations
to develop and
expand their business. Besides, affluent nations
can make full use of the
cheaper labor
force in impoverished countries to save the
production costs and obtain
more
economic profits. The effective interaction among
countries at different levels has
allowed a more sustainable development
of the world.
②全球化促进竞争，推动发展
At
the
same
time,
globalization
creates
new
possibilities
and
motivations
for
local
cultural autonomy and identities. This
“push down effect” of globalization is
the reason
for the revival of local
nationalism and local forms of cultural identity
in all parts of the
world. It may seem
strange but the more we globalize, the more we
localize.
3.
全球化的缺点
（
1
）经济：发展中国家的劳动力被剥削，资源被取用，国内产业受到冲击。
（
2
）社会文化：本
土文化会被削弱，本土语言会受到威胁，文化多样性会逐步丧失。人们的生活习
惯和购买
习惯逐渐被改变。
（
3
）环境上，工业化生产和交通量的加大会增加温室气体的排放；旅游人数的增多会对自然环境构
成威胁。
①全球化引发冲突：
Most
importantly, critics of recent economic
globalization see that these developments
are
not
at
all
occurring
in
a
vacuum,
but
feed
into
ethnic,
religious,
and
factional
tensions that lead
to wars and help breed terrorism. Furthermore,
these terrorists, now
globally
interconnected and empowered with knowledge,
create a whole new category
of
warfare
based,
in
part,
on
the
disruption
of
the
interconnections
which
are
both
created
by
and
necessary
for
globalization.
Some
commentators
believe
the
nation-
state is ill-equipped
to deal with this emergent threat.
②全球化对环境的破坏
The
rise in worldwide trade and the increasing
interaction between countries previously
separated
by
trade
barriers
have
stimulated
a
significant
increase
in
transportation
progresses at all geographical levels.
This has caused a wide variety of threats to the
environment. Thus, a demanding problem
of globalization is formed by environmental
decay
caused
by
the
rise
in
international
transportation.
The
rise
in
international
transportation
could
be
partly
blamed
on
the
transport
of
globalized
food.
As
more
global
corporations take over most of the aspects of
farming, local resources and labors
of
small farms are decreasingly vanishing. This
caused the people to buy and eat food
that are grown overseas instead of the
local areas, thus, causing and encouraging the
amount of international transportation.
③全球化对本地经济的不良影响
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