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教育硕士英语统考（非英语专业）
语法
强调结构：
1.
It was not
until dark that she realized it was too late to go
home.
2.
It was
in 1943 that the harmful smog made its appearance
in Los Angeles.
3.
It was not until he arrived at the
station that he realized he had forgotten the
ticket.
1.
It was during the morning rush hour
______ the bomb exploded.
(2007--- 26)
A
.
that
B. when
C. while
D. before
2.
If nature doesn
?
t
provide man with the necessary material, it is in
the laboratory ______ he will
turn to
for it.
(2006---23)
A. where
B. which
C
. that
D. what
3.
______ that saw the trade between the two
countries reach its highest point.
(2003---32)
A. During the
1990
?
s
B. That it was in the
1990
?
s
C. It was in the
1990
?
s
D
. It was the
1990
?
s
4. ______
he realized it was already too late for us to
return home.
(2002---15)
A. No sooner it
grew dark when
B. Hardly it grew dark than
C
. It was not
until dark that
D. Scarcely it
grew dark than
倒装结构：
1.
Much as he
likes her, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.
2.
I couldn?t
persuade him to accept it, nor could I make him
see the importance of it.
3.
Hardly had the
helicopter landed when the waiting crowd ran
towards it.
4.
No
sooner had he arrived than he fell ill.
5.
Scarcely had
he arrived when they asked him to leave again.
6.
Were you in my
position, you would do the same.
7.
People
?
s attitude toward
night-time dreams has changed, so has their
attitude toward daydreams.
1.
As
computer
systems
become
even
more
sophisticated,
______
the
methods
of
those
who
exploit
the technology.
(2008---29)
A
. so too do
B. as well as
C. likewise
D. therefore
2.
Only by understanding the web deeply ______ hope
for people to grasp its full potential deeply.
(2006---14)
A
.
can there be
B. can be there
C. be there
can
D.
there can be
3.
Scarcely
______
those
words
when
suddenly
the
monster
was
transformed
into
a
very
handsome
youth.
(2005---11)
A
.
had he uttered
B.
did he utter
C.
he had uttered
D.
he did utter
4.
Had
Paul
received
six
more
votes
in
the
last
election,
he
______
our
chairman
now.
(2004---17)
A. must he
B. would have been
1
C. shall be
D
.
would be
5. Not
until recent years ______ a popular means of
communication.
(2004----23)
A. email became
B. email has become
C
. did email
become
D. will email
become
6.
______
before
we
departed
last
weekend,
we
would
have
had
a
wonderful
dinner
party.
(2003---30)
A
.
Had they arrived
B. Would
they arrive
C.
Were they arriving
D.
Were they to arrive
7. ______ will Mr.
Forbes be able to regain control of the company.
(2002---17)
A. With hard work
B. As regards his hard work
C
.
Only if he works hard
D. Despite his
hard work
比较级：
1.
He doesn?t
smoke so heavily as his brother.
2.
I have as many
assignments as you have.
3.
The sun is a lot bigger than the moon.
4.
The harder she
worked, the more progress she made.
5.
He has twice
as many books as I have.
1.
The population of many Alsakan cities has ______
doubled in the past three years.
(2002---5)
A. larger than
B
. more than
C.
as great as
D. as many as
wh-
引导的名词性从句
:
wh-
引导的主语从句
例句：
After Yang
Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, what our
astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
It is pretty well understood what
controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the
atmosphere
today
What
surprises me most is t
hat she doesn?t
even know where the difference between the two
lies.
What
we
can?t get seems better than
what we
have.
What you have done might do harm
to other people.
In some countries,
what is called
wh-
引导的宾语从句
例句：
I want to
know what he has told you.
I wonder what we can do about it.
A computer can only do what you have
instructed it to do.
I think Father
would like to know what
I?ve been up to
so far, so I decided to send him a quick
note.
Our hometown has
changed a lot, and now it is quite different from
what it used to be a few years
2
ago.
The
photographs will show you what our village looks
like.
Although Anne is happy with her
success she wonders what will happen to her
private life.
When I try to understand
what it is that prevents so many Americans from
being as happy as one
might expect, it
seems to me that there are two causes.
They are teachers and don't realize
what it takes to start and run a company.
By success I don't mean what is usually
thought of when that word is used.
wh-
疑问词引导的表语从句
That is what I want to tell you.
---
Are you still thinking
about yesterday?s game?
---
Oh, that?s
what makes me feel excited.
同位语从句：
1.
Where did you
get the idea that I wouldn?t come?
2.
He holds the
opinion that money may not bring happiness.
3.
The question
who should do the work hasn?t been discussed
yet.
虚拟语气：
1.
It was
suggested that meeting be put off.
2.
It is
important that the work be finished before dark.
3.
Had he worked
harder, he would have done better in the exam.
4.
I would rather
you had stayed last week.
5.
It is time we began our work.
6. He took an umbrella with him in case
it (should) rain.
1. The
boy regretted having spent so much time playing
when he ______.
(2008---25)
A. should have studied
B. had studied
C. was to study
D. must study
2.
I
?
ve
attached
my
contact
information
in
the
recommendation
letter
______
you
have
further
questions.
(2008---27)
A. for good
B. in order
C. for fear
D
.
in case
3.
I
______
rather
solve
the
problems
in
my
farm
myself
than
seek
the
help
of
other
people.
(2006---18)
A. should
B. shall
C
. would
D. will
4. It is unacceptable that a person
______ for an uncommitted crime.
(2005---20)
A. gets punished
B. punishes
C
. get punished
D. punished
5.
Had
Paul
received
six
more
votes
in
the
last
election,
he
______
our
chairman
now.
(2004---17)
A. must he
B. would have been
C.
shall be
D
. would be
3
6. It is requested that
all the students ______ present at the meeting
tomorrow.
(2004
---35)
A. were
B. will be
C. are
D
. be
7.
______
before
we
departed
last
weekend,
we
would
have
had
a
wonderful
dinner
party.
(2003---30)
A
.
Had they arrived
B. Would
they arrive
C.
Were they arriving
D.
Were they to arrive
8. We are sure that
______ to do this face to face, he would find it
difficult to express himself
without
losing his temper.
(2002---
13)
A
. were he to try
B. would he try
C. was he trying
D. if he tries
动词不定式：
1.
I have heard
both teachers and students speak well of him.
2.
The boy?s
father bought him a large toy train to play
with.
3.
If I had remembered to close the
window, the thief couldn?t have got in.
动名词：
做主语
Forgetting
the past means betrayal.
It
?
s no good
waiting here. Let
?
s walk
home.
做表语
Seeing
is believing.
Her job is taking care of
the elderly.
做宾语
I enjoy working with you.
He
kept nodding as he listened.
suggest,
finish, avoid, stop, cannot help, mind, need,
enjoy, require, put off, delay, practice, advise,
consider, deny, miss
做介宾
He insisted
on doing it in his own way.
I have been
looking forward to seeing you.
I
don
?
t feel like eating
anything.
与介词构成短语做状语
He always thought carefully before
doing anything.
They were surprised at
your doing that.
与介词构成短语做定语
What
?
s their
reason for canceling the meeting?
动名词短语前面加物主代词，表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语
Their coming
to help was a
great encouragement to us.
Our worry is
your relying
too much on
your parents.
Do you mind
my
reading
your paper?
Do you
think there will be any chance of
my
seeing
him again?
也可以用名词所有格来构成这种结构
They all thought
Miss
Lin
?
s going
there
a great mistake.
4
如果不在句首，也可用人称代词宾格构成这结构
I don
?
t
mind
him going
.
Is there any hope of
Xiao
Yang winning
the game?
但：
His going
won
?
t be of much help.
1.
Peter suggested stopping at the next
town.
2.
She was
so angry that she felt like throwing something at
them.
3.
I don?t
mind your telling me lies.
4.
They are
considering buying a new house.
1. I
really appreciate ______ to help me, but I am sure
that I can manage it myself.
(2006---26)
A. you to come
B. that you come
C
. your coming
D. how you come
独立结构：
独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词或
with
＋逻辑主语＋分
词的形式出现。
看看下面的
4
个例句都属于独立结构吗？只有
2
是，为什么
？
1.
Looked at in this way, the situation
doesn?t seem so bad.
2.
All things
considered, the trip will have to be cancelled.
3.
While orbiting
the sun, the satellite has sent lots of
information back to the earth.
4.
Believing the
earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would
fall off the edge of the earth.
一、独立主格结构的构成
1.
名词
(
代词
)+
现在分词
The storm having
destroyed their hut, they had to live in a cave.
Night falling, we hurried home.
2.
名词
(
代词
)+
过去分词
He
lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head.
This done, we went home.
3.<
/p>
名词
(
代词
)+
形容词
She came into
the room, her ears red with cold.
The
floor wet and slippery, we had to stay outside.
4.
名词
(
代词<
/p>
)+
副词
He
put on his socks wrong side out.
The
meeting over, we all went home.
5.
名词
(
代词
)+
不定式
Here are the
first two volumes, the third one to come out next
month.
注意：不定式表示将来的动作。
6.
名词
(
代词
) +
介词短语
He
walked out of the camp, rifle in hand (= with a
rifle in his hand.)
She came out of the
library, a large book under her arm.
5
独立结构在句中的作用
1
．
时间状语
The test
finished, we began our
holiday.
（
= When the test was
finished, we began our
holiday.
）
2
．条件状语
Weather permitting, they will go on an
outing to the beach tomorrow. (=If weather
permits, they
will go on an outing to
the beach tomorrow.)
3
．原因状语
The storm drawing near, the worker
decided to stop working. (=Since the storm was
drawing near,
the worker decided to
stop working.)
4
．
伴随状语
He sat in
the front row, his mouth half open. (= He sat in
the front row and his mouth was half
open.)
其它形式的独立结构
1
．在独立结构前加
with,
这种结构在句中可作：
1
）伴随状语
With the young man leading, they
started toward the mountain.
The
soldiers marched forward, with guns on their
shoulders (=gun on shoulder).
He used
to sleep with the window open.
2)
原因状语
He felt
uneasy with the whole class staring at him.
With Tom away, we have got more room.
3
）时间状语
With everything well arranged, he left
his office.
2
．
It<
/p>
形式的独立结构（表示自然现象、时间、距离或环境状况等）
It being Monday, the library is closed.
It being spring, many kinds of flowers
come out.
3
．倒装结构（即在独立结构中，逻辑主
语在后）
1) there
be
形式
There being
no bus or taxi, we had to go home on foot.
2) such
形式
Such being the case, she had nothing to
say.
3)
介词短语形式
In the sand being the mark of a man?s
foot, Crusoe stared at it, full of
fear.
6
So many
members being absent, the meeting had to be put
off.
The teacher having left, the
students continued their performance.
The duty completed, he had a week off.
The bell ringing, all the
students went into the classroom.
The
question being rather hard, we need more time to
consider.
Weather permitting, we shall
go tomorrow.
1.
A
series
of
attempts
______
made,
he
came
to
a
successful
solution
of
the
problem.
(2008---21)
A. to be
B. had been
C. were
D
.
having been
2. All flights ______
because of the snowstorm, they decided to take the
train.
(2006---25)
A. were
cancelled
B. have been
cancelled
C.
had been cancelled
D
.
having been cancelled
3. ______, the
researchers cannot concentrate on that very
precious experiment.
(2004
---29)
A
. With you standing there
B. On you standing there
C. You are standing there
D. you stand there
4. With
temperature ______ so rapidly, we could not go on
with the experiment.
(2003---28)
A. fell
B. fall
C
. falling
D. fallen
5. Weather ______, there will be an
open air party with live music here this weekend.
A. permits
B. should
permit
C. will permit
D
.
permitting
练一练
1. _____ no bus, we had to walk home.
A. There was
B
. There being
C. Because
there being
D.
There were
2. _____, I'll go there with
you tomorrow afternoon.
A.
Time permits
B. If time permitting
C
.
Time permitting
D. Time's permitting
3. _____, we all went home happily.
A. Goodbye was said
B.
Goodbye had been said
C
. Goodbye said
D.
When goodbye said
4. _____,
we all went swimming in high spirits.
A
. It being fine weather
B. It fine weather
C. It was fine weather
D.
It being a fine weather
5.
_____, the bus started at once.
A. The signal was given
B. The signal giving
C
. The signal
given
D. When the signal given
6. She stood there, _____ from her
cheeks.
A. tears' rolling
down
B. tears rolled down
C. with tears rolled down
D
. tears rolling
down
7. _____, the leaves
are turning green.
A. When
spring coming on
B
. Spring coming on
7
C.
Spring came on
D. Spring being come on
8. _____, I had to buy a
new one.
A. My dictionary
losing
B
. My dictionary having been
lost
C. My dictionary had
been lost
D. Because my
dictionary lost
9. I used
to sleep with the window _____.
A. opened
B
. open
C.
opening
D to open
10.
_____, the hunter went into the forest.
A. A gun on shoulder
B.
A gun was on his shoulder
C
. Gun on shoulder
D.
A gun being on shoulder
11.
_____ production up by 60%, the company has had
another excellent year.
A.
As
B. For
C
. With
D.
Through
12. He stood there
silently, his lips_____.
A
. trembling
B. trembled
C.
were trembling
D. were trembling
13. _____, her suggestion
is of greater value than yours.
A. All things considering
B
. All things
considered
C. All things
were considered
D. With all
things were considered
答案：
1-5 BCCAC
6-13 DBBBCCA
非谓语动词
非谓语动词的体
非谓语动词中分词的体有完成体和进行体，即
having
done, having been done
和
being
done
，
完成体只用于做状语的场合，而进行体可以用于做定
语和做补足语。
动名词的体也有
having done, having
been done
和
being
done
的结构主要用于做主语和宾语
的场合。
不定式的体有
to be doing
和
to have
done
，主要用于
pretend, happen,
seem, appear, be said
to
等结构中。如：
1. The
man in the corner confessed to _____ a lie to the
manager of the company. (1997.6)
A.
have told
B. be told
C. being told
D. having told
having
told
在句中做介词宾语，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。
2. I'd rather read than
watch television; the programs seem ______ all the
time. (1997.1)
A. to get worse
B. to be getting worse
C. to have got worse
D.
getting worse
从
all the
time
的使用可以推断
get
worse
是一个渐变过程，所以用不定式的进行体。
3. The speech ______ a
lively discussion started. (1995.1)
A.
being delivered
B. was
delivered
C. be delivered
D
. having been delivered
该结构属于独立主格结构做时间状语，
状语分词所表示的动作发生在谓
语动词之前，
所以应
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