撰写英文论文应该注意的问题

2021年2月6日发(作者：escc)

《中国学生写英语论文的常见错误总结》读书笔记

标题：

The

Most

Common

Habits

from

more

than

200

English

Papers

written

by

Graduate

Chinese

Engineering Students

原文链接如下：

（不能保证是原始出处）

< p>
/document/Most%20Common%20Mistakes%20of%2020 0%20Technical%20

English%

时间：

2003

以后

阅读时间：

2005.9.27

摘要：

本文提出了几种最常见的中式 英语习惯，

它们是从超过两百份中国学生写的英文论文中

观察得 来的。

文中解释了这些习惯，

并且在大部分情况下给出了从实际 论文中出现的例子以

及正确的用法。

我们试图去解释如何去改正 和避免这些错误。

一些情况下，

我们还解释了为

什么这些习惯会出现。

本文可以成为一个单独的科技论文编写指南，

< p>
尤其是当很难寻找一个

母语为英语的编辑时。

大意

Section 1

a, an, the

冠词后面 将跟随一个名词，并且任何冠词与名词之间的修饰词都用来修饰这个名词

(a

big blue bicycle / the first award)

。

A

和

an

< p>
是不定冠词，

the

是定冠词。单数形式的不可数

名词以及指代一个可数事务的普通名词，它们每次都需要一些限定词（

< br>determiner

）

。

它们的使用方法如下图所示：

Incorrect

Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on surface of main

and splitter blades.

15

Correct

Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on

the

surface of

the

main and splitter blades.

15

分析上面的例子 ，

surface

是一个单数、

可数、

没有限定词的特定的单词，

因此要用

t he

修饰。

而

blades

< p>
是一个复数、可数、没有特殊限定词、并且特定的单词，因此也要用

the

修饰。

very long sentence

太长的句子不利于读 者理解，

应该尽量分为多个句子。

对于一些参数的陈列，

尽量使用列表

或者整齐的子句。

Prefacing the main idea of a sentence by stating the purpose,

location or reason first

在句子的前面陈述目的、

位置、

原因等，

而不是陈述句子的主要含义。

这样减弱了句子的主

< br>旨，混淆了读者的理解。

Incorrect

For the application in automobile interiors, this paper studies the nesting

optimization problem in leather manufacturing.

5

Correct

This paper studies the nesting optimization problem in leather manufacturing

for application in automobile interiors.

Tendency of placing phrases which indicate time at the beginning of

a sentence

倾向于把表示时间的短语放在句首。这样是不自然的。

Incorrect

When

U

is taken as the control parameter, the BDs for

Δ

=0.0, 0.001, 0.005

are shown in Fig. 8.

Correct

Figure 8 shows the BDs for

Δ

=0.0, 0.001, and 0.005 when

U

is taken as the

control parameter.

Place the most important subject at the beginning of the sentence for

emphasis

将最重要的主题放在句首以示重视。这样的理解是错误的。

Incorrect

Based on the

triangulation structure

built from unorganized points or a CAD

model, the extended STL format is described in this section.

4

Correct

The extended STL format is described in this section based on the

triangulation

structure

built from unorganized points or a CAD model.

“

w

hich/ that”

?Respectively? and ?respective?

1. Respectively is misplaced in the sentence; it is put before the nouns to which it refers.

Incorrect

Equations 2

～

6 can be

respectively

linearized as:……(equations given)…

13

Correct

Equations 2

～

6 can be linearized as:……(equations given)…,

respectively

.

Incorrect

The weights of the two experts are

respectively

0.600 and 0.400.

19

Correct

The weights of the two experts are 0.600 and 0.400,

respectively

.

2. Respectively is inserted to express that there is a certain order in which something was

done. However, the order is already implied elsewhere in the sentence or does not need

to be expressed because it does not add value to meaning of the sentence.

Incorrect

I

f both

the

core technology score and core quality score

of a bottleneck process

are

, respectively,

below certain scores, then we refer to strategy 1, otherwise, if

either

is

, respectively,

above

a

certain score, then we refer to strategy 2.

Similarly, if

the

core technology and core quality are

, respectively,

above

a

certain

score

, then we refer to strategy 3, otherwise, if either

is

, respectively,

below

a

certain score, then we refer to strategy 4.

19

Correct

I

f both

the

core technology score and core quality score

of a bottleneck process

are below certain scores, then we refer to strategy 1, otherwise, if either

is

above

a

certain score, then we refer to strategy 2. Similarly, if

the

core

technology and core quality are above

a

certain

score

, then we refer to strategy

3, otherwise, if either

is

below

a

certain score, then we refer to strategy 4.

Resp ectively

通常出现在句子的结尾，当两个或者更多的人或事被按照一定的顺序提 起或者

指定时，使用

Respectively

。它包含了一种顺序，这种顺序可以是在前面提到的，也可以是

被读者领会到的 。

例子：

For example: Bobby, Nicole and Daren wore red, green and blue coats, respectively.

List 1 List 2

Bobby wore a red coat.

Nicole wore a green coat.

Daren wore a blue coat.