-
专业英语八级真题
2010
年
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PART Ⅰ LISTENING
COMPREHENSION
In this
section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will
hear the
lecture ONCE ONLY. While
listening, take notes on the important
points. Your notes will not be marked,
but you will need them to
complete a
gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the
lecture
is over, you will be given two
minutes to check your notes, and
another ten minutes to complete the
gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET
ONE.
Some of the gaps may require a maximum of THREE
words. Make
sure the word(s) you fill
in is(are) both grammatically and
semantically acceptable. You may refer
to your notes while
completing the
task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.
SECTION A
Complete the gap-filling task. Some
of the gaps below may require
a maximum
of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in
is (are)
both grammatically &
semantically acceptable. You may refer to
your notes.
Paralinguistic Features of
Language
In face-to-face
communication speakers often alter their tones of
voice or change their physical postures
in order to convey messages.
These
means are called paralinguistic features of
language, which
fail into two
categories.
I. First
category: vocal paralinguistic features
A. (1)______: to express attitude or
intention
(1)______
B. examples
1. whispering:need for
secrecy
2. breathiness:deep emotion
3. (2)______: unimportance
4. nasality: anxiety
5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacy
(2)______
II. Second category: physical
paralinguistic features
A. facial expressions
1. (3)______
-- smiling: signal of pleasure or
welcome
(3)______
2.
less common expressions
-- eye brow
raising: surprise or interest
--
lip biting: (4)______
(4)______
B. gesture
Gestures
are related to culture.
1. British
culture
-- shrugging shoulders:
(5)______
-- scratching head:
puzzlement
(5)______
2. other cultures
-- placing hand
upon heart: (6)______
-- pointing
at nose: secret
(6)______
C. proximity, posture and echoing
1. proximity: physical distance
between speakers
-- closeness:
intimacy or threat
-- (7)______:
formality or absence of interest
(7)______
Proximity is person-,
culture- and (8)______-specific.
(8)______
2. posture
-- hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to
indicate (9)______
-- direct level
eye contact: to express an open or challenging
attitude
(9)______
3. echoing
--
definition: imitation of similar posture
-- (10)______: aid in communication
-- conscious imitation: mockery
(10)______
SECTION B
In this section
you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen
carefully and then answer the questions
that follow. Mark the
correct answer to
each question.
Questions 1 to 5 are
based on an interview. At the end of the
interview you will be given 10 seconds
to answer each of the
following five
questions.
1
、
According to
Dr Johnson, diversity means
[A]
merging of different cultural identities.
[B] more
emphasis on homogeneity.
[C] embracing of more ethnic
differences. [D] acceptance of
more branches of Christianity.
2
、
According to the interview, which of the following
statements is
CORRECT?
[A] Some places are more diverse than others.
[B] Towns are
less diverse than large
cities.
[C] Diversity can be seen
everywhere. [D] America is a
truly diverse country.
3
、
According to
Dr Johnson, which place will witness a radical
change in its racial makeup by 2025?
[A] Maine.
[B] Selinsgrove.
[C] Philadelphia.
[D] California.
4
、
During the
interview Dr Johnson indicates that
[A] greater racial diversity exists among younger
populations.
[B] both older and
younger populations are racially diverse.
[C] age diversity could lead to
pension problems.
[D] older
populations are more racially diverse.
5
、
According to
the interview, religious diversity
[A] was most evident between 1990 and 2000. [B]
exists among
Muslim immigrants.
[C] is restricted to certain places
in the US. [D] is
spreading to
more parts of the country.
SECTION C
In this section
you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen
carefully and then answer the questions
that follow. Mark the
correct answer to
each question on.
6
、
Question 6 is
based on the following news. At the end of the
news
item, you will be given 10 seconds
to answer the question.
What is the main idea of the news item?
[A] Sony developed a computer chip
for cell phones.
[B] Japan will
market its wallet phone abroad.
[C]
The wallet phone is one of the wireless
innovations.
[D] Reader devices are
available at stores and stations.
Questions 7 and 8 are based on the
following news. At the end of the
news
item, you will be given 20seconds to answer the
questions.
7
、
Which of the
following is mentioned as the government's measure
to control inflation?
[A] Foreign investment. [B]
Donor support.
[C] Price control.
[D] Bank prediction.
8
、
According to
Kingdom Bank, what is the current inflation rate
in
Zimbabwe?
[A] 20
million percent. [B] 2.2
million
percent.
[C]
11.2 million percent. [D]
Over 11.2
million percent.
Questions 9 and 10 are based on the
following news. At the end of
the news
item, you will be given 20seconds to answer the
questions.
9
、
Which of the
following is CORRECT?
[A] A big
fire erupted on the Nile River. [B]
Helicopters
were used to evacuate
people.
[C] Five people were taken
to hospital for burns. [D] A big fire
took place on two floors.
10
、
The likely
cause of the big fire is
[A]
electrical short-circuit. [B]
lack of
fire-safety measures.
[C] terrorism.
[D] not known.
PART Ⅱ
READING COMPREHENSION
TEXT A
In this section there
are four reading passages followed by a
total of 20 multiple-choice questions.
Read the passages and then
mark your
answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
Among the great cities of the world,
Kolkata (formerly spelt as
Calcutta),
the capital of India's West Bengal, and the home
of nearly
15 million people, is often
mentioned as the only one that still has
a large fleet of hand-pulled rickshaws.
Rickshaws are not there to haul
around tourists. It's the people
in the
lanes who most regularly use rickshaws -- not the
poor but
people who are just a notch
above the poor. They are people who tend
to travel short distances, through
lanes that are sometimes
inaccessible
to even the most daring taxi driver. An older
woman with
marketing to do, for
instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the
rickshaw puller wait until she comes
back from various stalls to load
her
purchases, and then be taken home. People in the
lanes use
rickshaws as a 24-hour
ambulance service. Proprietors of cafes or
comer stores send rickshaws to collect
their supplies. The rickshaw
pullers
told me their steadiest customers are school
children.
Middle-class families
contract with a puller to take a child to
school and pick him up; the puller
essentially becomes a family
retainer.
From June to September Kolkata can
get torrential rains. During my
stay it
once rained for about 48 hours. Entire
neighborhoods couldn't
be reached by
motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed
pictures
of rickshaws being pulled
through water that was up to the pullers'
waists. When it's raining, the normal
customer base for rickshaw
pullers
expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A
writer in
Kolkata told me,
While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India
Today published
its annual ranking of
Indian states, according to such measurements
as prosperity and infrastructure. Among
India's 20 largest states,
Bihar
finished dead last, as it has for four of the past
five years.
Bihar, a few hundred miles
north of Kolkata, is where the vast
majority of rickshaw pullers come from.
Once in Kolkata, they sleep
on the
street or in their rickshaws or in a dera--a
combination of
garage and repair shop
and dormitory managed by someone called a
sardar. For sleeping privileges in a
dera, pullers pay 100 rupees
(about
$$2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good
deal until
you've visited a dera. They
gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day,
out of which they have to pay 20 rupees
for the use of the rickshaw
and an
occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman
stops them
for, say, crossing a street
where rickshaws are prohibited.A 2003
study found that rickshaw pullers are
near the bottom of Kolkata
occupations
in income, doing better than only the beggars. For
someone without land or education, that
still beats trying to make a
living in
Bihar.
There are people in Kolkata,
particularly educated and politically
aware people, who will not ride in a
rickshaw,because they are
offended by
the idea of being pulled by another human being or
because they consider it not the sort
of thing people of their
station do or
because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a
relic
of colonialism. Ironically,some
of those people are not enthusiastic
about banning rickshaws. The editor of
the editorial pages of
Kolkata's
Telegraph--Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic
who
still writes history books -- told
me, for instance, that he sees
humanitarian considerations as coining
down on the side of keeping
hand-pulled
rickshaws on the road.
human being
myself,
right to take away their
livelihood.
that when it conies to
demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are
hardly unique in Kolkata.
When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the
government's
plan to rid the city of
rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in
his welfare, he smiled, with a quick
shake of his head -- a gesture I
interpreted to mean,
I will
answer it, but it is not worth wasting words
on.
rickshaw pullers I met were resigned
to the imminent end of their
livelihood
and pin their hopes on being offered something in
its
place. As migrant workers, they
don't have the political clout
enjoyed
by, say, Kolkata's sidewalk hawkers, who, after
supposedly
being scaled back at the
beginning of the modernization drive, still
clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely
everything -- or, as I found
during the
48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but
umbrellas.
told me.
rid of poor people.
But
others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will
simply be
confined more strictly to
certain neighborhoods, out of the view of
World Bank traffic consultants and
California investment delegations
-- or
that they will be allowed to die out naturally as
they're
supplanted by more modem
conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after
all, is not the first high West Bengal
official to say that rickshaws
would be
off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months.
Similar
statements have been made as
far back as 1976. The ban decreed by
Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a
court case and by a widely held
belief
that some retraining or social security settlement
ought to be
offered to rickshaw may
also have been delayed by a quiet
reluctance to give up something that
has been part of the fabric of
the city
for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told
me,
difficulty letting
go.
from the municipal government laying
out options for how rickshaw
pullers
might be rehabilitated.
was dated almost exactly a year before
my visit.
11
、
According to the passage, rickshaws are used in
Kolkata mainly
for the following
purposes EXCEPT
[A] taking foreign
tourists around the city. [B] providing
transport to school children.
[C] can-ying store supplies and
purchases.[D] carrying people over
short distances.
12
、
Which of the
following statements best describes the rickshaw
pullers from Bihar?
[A]
They come from a relatively poor area. [B] They
are
provided with decent accommodation.
[C] Their living standards are very
low in Kolkata.
[D] They are often
caught by policemen in the streets.
13
、
That
trying to make a living in
Bihar
[A] the poor prefer to work and
live in Bihar. [B] the poor
from
Bihar fare better than back home.
[C] the poor never try to make a living in Bihan
[D] the poor
never seem to resent their
life in Kolkata.
14
、
We can infer
from the passage that some educated and
politically
aware people
[A] hold ,nixed feelings towards rickshaws. [B]
strongly
support the ban on rickshaws.
[C] call for humanitarian actions
for rickshaw pullers.
[D] keep
quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws.
15
、
Which of the following statements conveys the
author's sense of
humour?
[A]
poor.
[B]
visited a dera.
[C]
Kolkata, a resident told me,
paragraph)
[D]
everything but
umbrellas.
16
、
The dialogue
between the author and the city official at the
end
of the passage seems to suggest
[A] the uncertainty of the court's
decision. [B] the
inefficiency of
the municipal government.
[C] the
difficulty of finding a good solution. [D] the
slowness
in processing
options.
TEXT B
Depending on whom you believe, the
average American will, over a
lifetime,
wait in lines for two years (says National Public
Radio) or
five years (according to some
customer-loyalty experts).
The
crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans
routinely avoid
lines altogether. Once
the most democratic of institutions, lines are
rapidly becoming the exclusive province
of suckers (people who still
believe in
and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers,
mostly.
Airports resemble France
before the Revolution: first-class
passengers enjoy
disembark
before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a
flight
attendant, are allowed to foul
the Jet-way.
At amusement parks,
too, you can now buy your way out of line.
This summer I haplessly watched kids
use a $$52 Gold Flash Pass to
jump the
lines at Six Flags New England, and similar
systems are in
use in most major
American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to
Walt Disney World, where the haves get
to watch the have-mores breeze
past on
their way to their seats.
Flash
Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-
world
economics: that the rich are more
important than you,especially when
it
comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me,
with a bemused
chuckle of disbelief,
that when playing in Canada -- get this --
have to wait in the same customs line
as everybody else.
Almost every line
can be breached for a price. In several U.S.
cities this summer, early arrivers
among the early adopters waiting
to buy
iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines.
On
Craigslist, prospective iPhone
purchasers offered to pay
Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have
seen the value of
sort-of waiting in
lines with the ordinary summer
Philadelphia mayor John Street waited
outside an AT&T store from
3:30
a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his
office literally
stood in for the mayor
while he conducted official business. And
billionaire New York mayor Michael
Bloomberg often waits for the
subway
with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven
by
motorcade past the stop nearest his
house to a station 22 blocks away,
where the wait, or at least the ride,
is shorter.
As early as elementary
school, we're told that jumping the line is
an unethical act, which is why so many
ers have framed the
immigration debate
as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch
line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby,
to cite just one legislator,
said
amnesty would allow illegal immigrants
millions of people.
Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a
person who will not
wait in line,
unless that line is in front of an elevator at the
U.S.
Capitol, where Senators and
Representatives use private elevators,
lest they have to queue with their
constituents.
But compromising the
integrity of the line is not just
antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There
was something about the
orderly
boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to
restore
not just civilization but
civility during the Great Flood.
How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines
has first-come,
first-served festival
seating. But for $$5 per flight, an unaffiliated
company called will secure you a
coveted
pass when that airline opens
for online check-in 24 hours before
departure. Thus, the savvy traveler
doesn't even wait in line when he
or
she is online.
Some cultures are
not renowned for lining up. Then again, some
cultures are too adept at lining up: a
citizen of the former Soviet
Union
would join a queue just so he could get to the
head of that
queue and see what
everyone was queuing for.
And then
there is the U.S., where society seems to be
cleaving
into two groups: Very
Important Persons, who don't wait, and Very
Impatient Persons, who do -- unhappily.
For those of us in the latter group
-- consigned to coach, bereft
of Flash
Pass, too poor or proper to pay a placeholder-what
do we
do?We do what Vladimir and
Estragon did in Waiting for Godot
：
wait
．
We are
bored
．
17
、What does the following
sentence mean?“Once the most democratic
of
institutions
，
lines are
rapidly becoming the exclusive province of
suckers?Poor
suckers，
mostly
．”(2nd
paragraph)
[A] Lines are symbolic of America’s
democracy．
[B] Lines still
give Americans equal
opportunities
．
[C] Lines are now for ordinary Americans
only
．
[D] Lines are for
people with democratic spirit
only
．
18
、
Which of the
following is NOT cited as an example of breaching
the line?
[A] Going
through the customs at a Canadian
airport
．
[B]
Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement
parks
．
[C]
First-class passenger status at
airports
．
[D]
Purchase of a place in a line from a
placeholder
．
19
、
We can infer
from the passage that politicians(including mayors
and Congressmen)
[A]
prefer to stand in lines with ordinary
people
．
[B] advocate
the value of waiting in
lines
．
[C]
believe in and practice waiting in
lines
．
[D] exploit
waiting in lines for their own
good
．
20
、
What is the
tone of the passage?
[A]
Instructive
．
[B]
Humorous
．
[C]
Serious
．
[D]
Teasing
．
TEXT C
A bus took him to the
West End
，
where
，
among the crazy coloured
fountains of
illumination
，
shattering the
blue dusk with green and
crimson
fire
，
he found the caf4 of
his choice
，
a tea-shop that
had
gone mad and turned
Babylonian
，
a white palace
with ten thousand
lights
．
It towered
above the older buildings like a
citadel
，
which
indeed it was
，
the
outpost of a new age
，
perhaps
a new civilization
，
perhaps a
new barbarism
；
and behind the
thin marble front were
concrete and
steel
，
just as behind the
careless profusion of luxury
were
millions of pence
，
balanced
to the last
halfpenny
．
Somewhere in
the
background
，
hidden
away,behind the ten thousand lights and acres
of white napery and bewildering
glittering rows of
teapots
，
behind
the thousand waitresses and cash-box
girls and black-coated floor
managers
and temperamental long-haired
violinists
，
behind the mounds
of cauldrons of stewed
steak
，
the vanloads of
ices
，
were a few men
who went to work juggling with
fractions of a farthing
，
who
knew how
many units of electricity it
took to finish a steak-and-kidney
pudding and how many minutes and
seconds a waitress(five feet four in
height and in average health)would need
to carry a tray of given
weight from
the kitchen lift to the table in the far
comer
．
In
short
，
there was a warm
，
sensuous
，
vu
lgar life flowering in the upper
storeys
，
and a
cold science working in the
basement
．
Such was the
gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis
marched
，
in search not of
mere
refreshment but of all the
enchantment of unfamiliar
luxury
．
Perhaps
he
knew in his heart that men have conquered half the
known
world
．
looted
whole kingdoms
，
and never
arrived in such luxury
．
The
place was built for
him
．
It was
built for a great many other people too
，
and
，
as
usual
，
they were all
there
．
It steamed with
humanity
．
The marble entrance
hall
，
piled
dizzily with bonbons and
cakes
，
was as crowded and
bustling as a railway
station
．
The gloom and grime
of the streets
，
the raw
air
，
all
November
，
were at once left b
ehind
，
forgotten
：<
/p>
the
atmosphere inside was gol
den
，
tropical
，
belonging to some high
mid-
summer of
confectionery
．
Disdaining the
lifts
，
Turgis
，
once more
excited by the sight
，
sound
，
a
nd smell of it all
，
climbed
the wide
staircase until he reached his
favorite floor
，
where an
orchestra
，
led by a young
Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and
a
passion for tremolo
effects
，
acted as a magnet to
a thousand
girls
．
The door
was swung open for him by a
page
；
there
burst
，
like a
sugary bomb
，
the
clatter of cups
，
the shrill
chatter of white-and-
vermilion girls
，
and
，
clea
ving the golden
，
scented
air,the sensuous
clamour of the strings
；
and
，
a
s he stood hesitating a
moment
，
half
dazed
，
there came<
/p>
，
bowing
，
a sleek grave man
，
older
than he was and
far more distinguished
than he could ever hope to
be
，
who murmured
deferentially
：“For
one，
sir?This way
，
please
．
，
yet
proudly,Turgis followed
him
．
21
、
That
steel
[A] modem realistic commercialism
existed behind the luxurious
appearance
．
[B] there was a fundamental
falseness in the style and the appeal
of the cafe
．
[C] the architect had made a
sensible blend of old and new
building
materials
．
[D] the caf6 was based on physical foundations and
real economic
strength
．
22
、
The following words or phrases are somewhat
critical of the tea-
shop EXCEPT
[A]
[C]
halfpenny
23
、
In its
context the statement that
means that
the card was intended to
[A] please
simple people in a simple way.[B] exploit gullible
people like him.
[C]
satisfy a demand that already existed.[D] provide
relaxation
for tired young men.
24
、
Which of the following statements about the second
paragraph is
NOT true?
[A] The café appealed to most senses
simultaneously.
[B] The café was both full of people
and full of warmth.
[C] The inside of the eafé was
contrasted with the weather outside.
[D] It stressed the
commercial determination of the café
owners.
25
、
The following
are comparisons made by the author in the second
paragraph EXCEPT that
[A] the entrance hall is compared to a railway
station.
[B] the orchestra is
compared to a magnet.
[C] Turgis
welcomed the lift like a conquering soldier.
[D] the interior of the
café is compared to warm countries.
26
、
The author's attitude to the café is
[A] fundamentally
critical. [B] slightly admiring.
[C] quite undecided. [D] completely
neutral.
TEXT D
Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland
may be spoken of, somewhat
breathlessly, as western Europe's last
pristine wilderness. But the
environmental awareness that is
sweeping the world had bypassed the
majority of Icelanders. Certainly they
were connected to their land,
the way
one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered
by, family
one can't do anything about.
But the truth is, once you're off the
beaten paths of the low-lying coastal
areas where everyone lives, the
roads
are few, and they're all bad, so Iceland's natural
wonders have
been out of reach and
unknown even to its own inhabitants. For them
the land has always just been there,
something that had to be dealt
with
and, if possible, exploited -- the mind-set being
one of land as
commodity rather than
land as, well, priceless art on the scale of
the
When the opportunity
arose in 2003 for the national power company
to enter into a 40-year contract with
the American aluminum company
Alcoa to
supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter
(
冶炼厂
), those
who
had been dreaming of something like this for
decades jumped at it
and never looked
back. Iceland may at the moment be one of the
world's richest countries, with a 99
percent literacy rate and long
life
expectancy. But the project's advocates, some of
them getting on
in years, were more
emotionally attuned to the country's century upon
century of want, hardship, and colonial
servitude to Denmark, which
officially
ended only in 1944 and whose psychological imprint
remained relatively fresh. For the
longest time, life here had meant
little more than a hut, dark all
winter, cold, no hope, children
dying
left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation,
volcanoes
erupting and destroying all
vegetation and livestock, all spirit -- a
world revolving almost entirely around
the welfare of one's sheep and,
later,
on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying
regions, it
still largely does.
Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was
intended to save one of these
dying
regions-the remote and sparsely populated east --
where the way
of life had steadily
declined to a point of desperation and gloom.
After fishing quotas were imposed in
the early 1980s to protect fish
stocks,
many individual boat owners sold their allotments
or gave
them away, fishing rights ended
up mostly in the hands of a few
companies and small fishermen were
virtually wiped out. Technological
advances drained away even more jobs
previously done by human hands,
and the
people were seeing everything they had worked for
all their
lives turn up worthless and
their children move away. With the old
way of life doomed, aluminum projects
like this one had come to be
perceived,
wisely or not, as a last chance.
The
contract with Alcoa would infuse the region with
foreign
capital, an estimated 400 jobs,
and spin-off service industries. It
also was a way for Iceland to develop
expertise that potentially
could be
sold to the rest of the world;diversify an economy
historically dependent on fish; and, in
an appealing display of
Icelandic can-
do verve, perhaps even protect all of Iceland,
once and
for all, from the
unpredictability of life itself.
prime minister and longtime member of
parliament from the region, was
a
driving force behind the project.
27
、
According to
the passage, most Icelanders view land as
something
of
[A]
environmental value.[B] commercial value.
[C] potential value for tourism. [D]
great value for livelihood.
28
、
What is
Iceland's old-aged advocates' feeling towards the
Alcoa
project'?
[A]
Iceland is wealthy enough to reject the project.
[B] The project would lower life
expectancy.
[C] The project would
cause environmental problems.
[D]
The project symbolizes an end to the colonial
legacies.
29
、
The
disappearance of the old way of life was due to
all the
following EXCEPT
[A] fewer fishing companies. [B] fewer jobs
available.
[C] migration of young
people. [D] imposition of fishing quotas.
30
、
The 4th paragraph in the passage
[A] sums up the main points of the passage. [B]
starts to
discuss an entirely new
point.
[C] elaborates on the last
part of the 3rd paragraph.
[D]
continues to depict the bleak economic situation.
PART Ⅲ GENERAL
KNOWLEDGE
There are ten
multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose
the best answer to each question. Mark
your answers.
31
、
Which of the
following statements is INCORRECT?
[A] The British constitution includes the Magna
Carta of 1215.
[B] The British
constitution includes Parliamentary acts.
[C] The British constitution
includes decisions made by courts of
law.
[D] The British
constitution includes one single written
constitution.
32
、
The first
city ever founded in Canada is
[A]
Quebec. [B] Vancouver.
[C]
Toronto. [D] Montreal.
33
、
When did the
Australian Federation officially come into being'?
[A] 1770. [B] 1788.
[C] 1900. [D] 1901.
34
、
The
Emancipation Proclamation to end the slavery
plantation
system in the South of the
U.S. was issued by
[A] Abraham
Lincoln. [B] Thomas Paine.
[C]
George Washington. [D] Thomas Jefferson.
35
、
______is best
known for the technique of dramatic monologue in
his poems.
[A] William
Blake [B] W.B. Yeats
[C] Robert
Browning [D] William Wordsworth
36
、
The Financier
is written by
[A] Mark Twain.
[B] Henry James.
[C] William
Faulkner. [D] Theodore Dreiser.
37
、
In literature
a story in verse or prose with a double meaning is
defined as
[A] allegory.
[B] sonnet.
[C] blank verse.[D]
rhyme.
38
、
______refers
to the learning and development of a language.
[A] Language acquisition [B]
Language comprehension
[C] Language
production [D] Language instruction
39
、
The
word
of______in morphology.
[A] back formation [B] conversion
[C] blending [D] acronym
40
、
Language is a
tool of communication. The symbol
on a
highway serves
[A] an expressive
function. [B] an informative function.
[C] a performative function. [D]
a persuasive function.
PART Ⅳ PROOFREADDING & ERROR
CORRECTION
The passage
contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains
a
maximum of ONE error. In each
case,only ONE word is involved. You
should proofread the passage and
correct it in the following way:
For a wrong word, underline the
wrong word and write the correct
one in
the blank provided at the end of the line.
For a missing word, mark the
position of the missing word with a
provided at the end of the
line.
For an unnecessary word,
cross the unnecessary word with a slash
—
So
far as we can tell, all human languages are
equally
complete and perfect as
instruments of communication: that is,
every language appears to be well
equipped as any other to say
the
(1)______
things their speakers want to
say.
(2)______
There may or may not be
appropriate to talk about
primitive
(3)______
peoples or cultures, but that
is another matter. Certainly, not all
groups of people are equally competent
in nuclear physics or
psychology or
the cultivation of rice. Whereas this is not
the (4)______
fault
of their language. The Eskimos, it is said, can
speak about
snow with further more
precision and subtlety than we can
in
(5)______
English, but this is not
because the Eskimo language (one of those
sometimes mis-called 'primitive') is
inherently more precise and
subtle
than English. This example does not come to light
a
defect (6)______
in
English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The
position is
simply and obviously that
the Eskimos and the English live in
similar (7)______
environments. The English language will
be just as rich in
terms
(8)______
for different kinds of snow
if the environments in which English
was habitually used made such
distinctions as
important.
(9)______
Similarly, we have no
reason to doubt that the Eskimo
language could be as precise and subtle
on the subject of motor
manufacture or
cricket if these topics formed the part of
the (10)______
Eskimos' llife.
PART Ⅴ TRANSLATION
SECTION A CHINESE TO
ENGLISH
Translate the underlined part
of the following text into English.
Write your translation.
1
、
朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的，容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。
朋友之间，情趣
相投、脾气对味则合、则交；反之，则离、则绝。朋友之间再
熟悉、再亲密，也不能随便
过头、不恭不敬。不然，默契和平衡将被打破，友
好关系将不复存在。每个人都希望拥有
自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，
就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。
待友不敬，或许只是一件小
事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。维持朋友亲密关系的最好
办法是往来有节，
互不干涉。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO
CHINESE
Translate the following text
into Chinese. Write your translation.
1
、
I thought that
it was a Sunday morning in May, that it was Easter
Sunday, and as yet very early in the
morning. I was standing at the
door of
my own cottage. Right before me lay the very scene
which
could really be commanded from
that situation, but exalted, as was
usual, and solemnized by the power of
dreams. There were the same
mountains,and the same lovely valley at
their feet; but the mountains
were
raised to more than Alpine height, and there was
interspace far
larger between them of
meadows and forest lawns; the hedges were rich
with white roses; and no living
creature was to be seen except that
in
the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly
reposing upon
the graves, and
particularly round about the grave of a child whom
I
had tenderly loved, just as I had
really seen them, a little before
sunrise in the same summer, when that
child died.
PART Ⅵ WRITING
1
、
Recently
newspapers have reported that officials in a
little-
known mountainous area near
Guiyang, Guizhou Province wanted to turn
the area into a
foreign
design company to give it an entirely new look.
The design
company came up with a
blueprint for unconventional, super-futuristic
buildings. This triggered off different
responses. Some appreciated
the bold
innovation of the design, but others held that it
failed to
reflect regional
characteristics or local cultural heritage. What
is
your view on this? Write an essay of
about 400 words. You should
supply an
appropriate title for your essay.
In the first part of your essay you should state
clearly your
main argument, and in the
second part you should support your
argument with appropriate details. In
the last part you should bring
what you
have written to a natural conclusion or make a
summary.
Marks will be awarded for
content, organization, grammar and
appropriateness. Failure to follow the
above instructions may result in a loss
of marks.
答案
:
PART Ⅰ LISTENING
COMPREHENSION
SECTION A
1
、
tones of
voice
。
[
听力原文
] 1-10
Paralinguistic Features
of Language
Good morning, everyone. Today we'll continue our
discussion on
describing language. Last
week we examined such features of language
as grammar,vocabulary, the sounds of
language, etc. In this lecture,
we'll
look at another important aspect of language.
Perhaps some of
you may wonder what is
this important aspect of language. Let me tell
you. It refers to features of
communication that takes place without
the use of grammar or vocabulary. They
are called
features of
language
those that involve the voice,
and those that involve the body.
Now, the first category is what we call
features
perhaps, not central
to meaning in communication in the same way as
grammar or vocabulary, they may,
nevertheless, convey attitude or
intention in some way. Let me give you
some examples. The first is
whispering,
which indicates the need for secrecy. The second
is
breathiness. This is to show deep
emotion. The third is huskiness,
which
is to show unimportance. The fourth is nasality.
This...is to
indicate anxiety. The last
is extra lip-rounding, which expresses
greater intimacy, especially with
babies, for example.
So we can see
that there are a number of ways of altering our
tones of voice. And when we do this
consciously, we do it to create
different effects in communication. Now
let's come to the second
category --
physical paralinguistic features which involves
the body.
In addition to convey
meanings with tone of voice, we can also
express our intention through the ways
in which we use our bodies.
You may ask
what are the ways then. Let me cite some brief
examples.
The expression on our face,
the gestures we make, and even proximity
or way we sit, are some of the ways we
send powerful messages about
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