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高二英语新题型写作
summary-----1
I
:
What is a
summary?
A summary is a brief
restatement
of the
essential
thought of a
longer composition. It
reproduces
the
theme
of the
original with as few words as possible.
II
:
Tips on
summary writing
While
reading
1.
Is
the passage a
narration, exposition,
argumentation or a description
?
2.
Are there any
topic sentences or key words? If so, underline
them and paraphrase them.
While writing
1. Structure
1) Topic sentences
2) Main supporting
points/evidence
3) About 60 words
2.
Language
1) To use your own words*
2) To be
concise
(
leave out
the details;
reduce
the examples;
simplify
the descriptions;
eliminate
all repetitions.
)
3) To present the information fairly,
do not give your own
comments
4) To use the
third person to retell
5) Tenses
(narration often in the past tense)
文体类型一:议论文
议论文通常包括论点、
论据和结论,
因此写议论文
的概要主要是找出主题句
(
the topic senten
ces)
、
支撑句
(
< br>supporting sentences
)和结论句(
conclusion
sentences)
。其中最主要的是找准主题句。
概要模板:论点+论据(+结论)
Getting
rid
of
dirt,
in
the
opinion
of
most
people,
is
a
good
thing.
However,
there
is
nothing
fixed
about
attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century,
people thought that dirt on the skin was a means
to block out disease, as medical
opinion had it that washing off dirt
with hot water could open up the skin and let ills
in. A particular danger was,
thought to
lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had
closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the
king of England in began a long time
when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with
dirt in a friendly
way. Henry
IV
, King of France, was famously dirty.
Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath,
the king
ordered that, to avoid the
attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though
the
belief
in
the
merit(
好处
)
of
dirt
was
long-lived,
dirt
has
no
longer
been
regarded
as
a
nice
neighbor
ever since the 18th century. Scientifically
speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health.
Clean water
supply
and
hand
washing
are
practical
means
of preventing
disease. Yet,
it
seems
that
standards of
cleanliness
have moved beyond science since World
War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea:
clothes need to be whiter
than white,
cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the
hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely
nowadays. Many first time parents nervously try to
warn their children
off
touching
dirt,
which
might
be
responsible
for
the
spread
of
disease.
On
the
contrary,
Mary
Ruebush,
an
American
immunologist
(
免疫学家
),
encourages
children
to
play
in
the
dirt
to
build
up
a
strong
immune
system(
免疫系统
). And
the latter position is gaining some ground. (302
words)
1
高二英语新题型写作
summary-----2
Showering Helps Brain
TAKING
a shower is relaxing. You can
hum
a song, daydream or
think about nothing, leaving the real world
behind you. But did you know that
showering can also benefit your mind?
A
piece of research by Scott Barry Kaufman, a
psychologist from Yale University in the US
interviewed over
3,000 people around
the world.
It turned out that
nearly two-thirds of the interviewees
said they had experienced
new ideas in
the shower and were more likely to have them in
the shower than at work.
So why does a
simple shower have such magic power? Science can
explain it.
Showering can help to raise
our level of dopamine (
多巴胺
),
a hormone (
荷尔蒙
) closely
related to our
creativity. “People vary
in terms of
their
level of creativity according to the activity of
dopamine”, explained
Alice Flaherty, a
renowned American neuroscientist
(
神经系统科学家
). “Taking a warm
shower can make us feel
relaxed and
therefore make the dopamine level rise and bring
the ‘Aha!’ moment to us.”
Besides the chemical changes, showering
may give you a break from what you feel you have
been stuck with.
Especially when you
have thought hard all day about a problem, jumping
into the shower can keep you from the
outside world so that you can focus on
your inner feelings and memories. In this way,
according to American
p
sychologist Shelley H.
Carson, author of Your Creative Brain, “a
showering hour may turn into an ‘incubation
(
孵化
) period’ for
your ideas”.
Compared with
sitting in front of a computer, taking a shower is
something we do less frequently in our daily
lives.
When showering, we
get a fresh experience with the change of
location, temperature and humidity. “New
and unexpected experiences can lead to
positive changes in thinking,“ explained Kaufman.
“Getting off the couch
and jumping in
the shower may create a dis
tance and
force you to think from a new point of
view”.
Showering allows us
to enjoy the creative juices of our minds, which
makes the bathroom an alternative
where
you get your inspiration. So next time you
consider ways to free your mind, count it in.
A brief outline:
Para
1-2
:
Para
3
:
Para 4
Para 5
Para 6
Para 7:
<
/p>
Summary
:
(
40---80 words
)
(
不得使用原句
)
(不得发表自己观点)
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