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课堂笔记：
1) entitle
an article entitled?Cigarette Smoking
and Your
Health?,
一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章。
在英语中，文章名与书名中的每个单词的第一个字母均大写，不在开头位置的连词、冠词、小
品词除外。
entitle
的含义为
“
给
......
题名／定名
”
，在这里是过去分词（短语）作定语。
entitle
常
用于被动语态：
The writer hasn't entitled his new book
yet.
那位作家还没给他的新书写／取名。
She read a poem entitled
她读了一首题为《苹果树》的诗
entitle sb to
sth
给予某人获得某事物或做某事的权利
You are entitled to collect the rental
fee from the customers.
你有权利去收取客户的房租。
This ticket doesn't entitle you to sit
in first class.
你这张票不能坐头等位。
entitlement
授权，有资格
We have no record of your entitlement
to free
travel.
我们没有让你免费旅行的记录。
2
）
lit
原形
light lit lit
（
lighted
，
ligthed
）
lighted
candel
燃着的蜡烛
light
a candle
light a cigarette
light up (with sth)
指人的脸等放光彩，容光焕发
Her
eyes lit up with
joy.
她因喜悦而目光炯炯
3
）
calm
adj.
镇定的，安静的，无忧虑的
It is important to keep calm in an
emergency.
在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。
the calm before the
storm
暴风雨前的宁静
v.
calm (sb) down
使某人平静，镇静
Just calm down a
bit.
你先静一静！
calmly
若无其事地
He walked
into the shop and calmly stole a pair of
gloves.
他走进商店若无其事地偷了一副手套
4
）
ne
rves
用复数表示神经紧张，神经过敏，神经质
She doesn't know what nerves
are.
她根本就不知道什么是神经紧张。
胆量，勇气
It takes
nerve to be a racing driver.
当赛车手要有胆量
I
wouldn't have the nerve to try anything so
dangerous.
我可没胆量做那么危险的事情。
What a
nerve
！脸皮真厚（
what a
shame
）
get on
sb's nerves
刺激或烦扰某人
Stop singing!You are getting on my
nerves.
别唱了！弄得我心烦
hit/touch a (raw)
nerve
提及某人痛苦气愤等的事情，点到痛处
You hit a raw nerve when you mentioned
his first wife
你曾提到他的前妻刺到了他的痛处。
5
）
concentrate on
sth
集中注意力做某事
6
）
suffer During
this time, my wife suffered terribly.
在此期间，我妻子吃尽了苦头。
（
1
）
vi.
受痛苦，受苦难；患病：
suffer
from/with/for
Do you often suffer from
headaches?
你常头痛吗？
She is suffering from loss of
memory
。她患有遗忘症
He
made a rash decision. Now he is suffering for
it.
他做的决定太草率了，现在可吃到苦头
（
2
）
vt.
经历或遭受（痛苦、损害等）：
Many
people are suffering cold and hunger in that
district.
那个地区许多人正受冻挨饿。
（
3
）变坏
，变差，变糟
Your studies will
suffer if you play too much
football.
你要是总踢足球，功课就会变糟了。
suffering
痛苦（肉体的或心理的）
There is so much suffering in this
world.
这个世界上有很多的痛苦。
7
）
I
had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up
smoking: a bad temper and an
enormous
appetite.
我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛。
a bad temper and an
enormous appetite
为
symptoms
的同位语。
giving up
smoking
可以看做是
someone
的定语，即
someone who gives up
smoking.
symptom
症状，（坏事的）征兆
You have a symptom of catching a
cold
你有患感冒的症状
enormous
巨大的，极大的
an enormous amount of
money
巨款
appetite
食欲，胃口
When I was ill I completely lost my
appetite.
我生病时完全没有食欲
He has no appetite for the
fight.
他毫无斗志。
8
）
My friends Kept
on offering me cigarettes and cigars.
我的朋友们不断地向我递香烟和雪
茄。
keep on doing sth.
表示
< br>“
继续做某事
”
、
“
反复做某事
”
：
The child was crying loudly,
but he kept on watching TV.
孩子在大声哭，但他却一直看电视。
He kept on phoning me
他不断地给她打电话。
9
）
They made no
effort to hide
他们毫不掩饰地。。。
make effort to do sth
尽力做某事
make no effort
表示
“
根本不作努力
”
。我们还可以说：<
/p>
He made no effort to take
the exam.
他考试根本不努力。
make every
effort
尽一切努力
I
will make every effort to arrive on
time.
我将尽一切努力准时到达。
She wrote the letter with/without
effort.
她费力地／毫不费力地写了那封信。
Georeg made every effort to get/at
getting the job.
乔治竭尽全力想得到那份工作。
10
）
produce sth
(from/out of sth)
掏出，拿出或出示某事物
Please produce your ticket for
inspection.
出示火车票以供检查
The man produced a knife from his
pocket.
那男人从他口袋里掏出一把刀
第
78
课课堂笔记（二）
11)urge urge sb to do sth
催促某人干某事。力劝某人做某事
They urged us to go at
once
他们催促我们马上去。
极力主张，强烈要求，力劝
My
friends urged that I should apply for the job
朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。
He
urged that they go to New York
他极力主张他们去纽约。
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