-
历年考研英语中常见的十五种“逻辑关系词(或称衔接词)”
Preface
:“逻辑关系词”对
于一篇好的文章来说是非常重要的!!!它就
像一座桥,连接段与段、句与句,起到一种
微妙的“衔接上下文”作用,即承
上启下、起承转合、过渡性作用。有效充分地利用逻辑
关系词可以让你的文章
“语义连贯、完整、顺畅”,不至于太突兀!下面就是我耗费心血
、精心整理
而成的历年考研英语中常见的十五种逻辑关系词,掌握了这些有助于你做阅读
理解,有助于在阅读中更好、更快地把握文章的的写作思路和整体结构框架,
理清文章的逻辑顺序与段与段之间的语义、逻辑关系,从而迅速找出正确答案。
有利于做排序题,更有利于你的写作!!!(写作时尽量用那些字数多的短语,
这样
可以增加作文字数)。需要注意的一点是,有的逻辑关系词不只表示一种
逻辑关系,有些
逻辑关系之间是贯通的,例如
otherwise
表示转折、对比、结
果
3
种逻辑关系;让步之中含有转折的
含义;对比之中含有转折、强调之意;
并列之中含有递进的含义,例如
< br>as well as
,
as well
,
also
,
too
既表示并列又表
示递进;总结之中含有强调的含义,例如
substantially
,
generally<
/p>
,
mainly
既表
示总结又表示强调
;
递进之中有补充解释说明之意,
例如
namely
,
in other words
。
考
研朋友们在做题中应当加以体会和领悟。期望本文能对考研的朋友有所裨益。
同时本人热
烈欢迎各位朋友踊跃对本文加以批评和相互交流,在此,我对朋友
们的帮助表示无尽的感
激之情!!!
第一,
表示因果(世界上最重要的一种关系就是因果关系)
1.
表示原因
because
(
of
)
=be responsible
for =
as = since =for = therein = root
=origin
(
al
)
=causality =
due
∕
owing
∕
thanks
∕according
to = be
attributed∕contributed
to
(原因是)
= now
∕
in
that =seeing
∕
considering
∕
given
(
that
)
= on account of =on this account = on
ground of
∕
that
(强调主观理由)
= out of
= for the sake of =
in
(
the
)
light of = in
view of
(
the
fact that
)
= by
∕
in virtue of = by
reason of
= as a result
∕
consequence of = in consequence of
=arise from =
put sth down to sth
(把
……
归因于
……
)
【注】
put down ①
把??归因于
+ to sth
②
把??看作∕视
为
put
sth
down
as
sth
③
使(当众)出丑,让某人丢人现眼
④
写下,记下
⑤ 将??提请(议会或委员会)审议
to put
down a
motion∕amendment
提交一项动议或修正案
⑥
登记,注册,列入
名单
+
for
sth
例句:
Put
me
down
for
three
tickets
for
Saturday
。
2.
表示结果
①
So = hence
=therefore = therefor = thereby = thereof =
thereout =
therewithal = thereupon =
thus = consequent(ly)= result
(
ing
)
=effect
=consequence = in consequence = as a
result
∕
consequence =
result in =
accordingly = give rise to = lead to =
arouse = agitate
=awaken = fire up =
provoke = spark = spur = stimulate = stir
< br>(激起,
引起,
引发,
激发)<
/p>
= trigger = activate = prompt = set in
motion = set off
=
contribute
∕
attribute
to =
bring about
∕on =present =it
follows
∕
turns out that
?
②
Or else =
otherwise
否则,要不然
【注】
or else
与
otherwise
既表示转折,又表示对比,还表示结果。
第二,
表示对比
1.
表示“相似性的”对比
①
Likewise =
like =similar
(
ly
)
= akin = parallel
(
with
?)
=
analogous
∕
analogy =
comparable = by
∕
in comparison
(
with
?)
与??相似的
②
Identical =
same
完全相同的
= much
as = as much
同??一样
be consistent with = consistently =
be in agreement with =
coincide
with
?
= accord ∕agree
with =
match
(意见、利益等)
与??一致的,相符的
2.
表示“差异性的”
对比(这些词也
be
可以表示转折、强调)
Unlike = by
∕
in contrast =
in turn =
in contrast to
∕
with =
conversely
=
alternatively
= on the contrary = contrary to = contrarily = on
the other
hand = otherwise = while =
whereas =
(
run
)
counter to
与??相
反的,但是,然而
3.
暂时无法确定是“差异性”还是“相似性”的
①
比较级、最高级
most
important = dominant(ly)= largely
②
Of
?
and
?
第三,
表示递进
①
besides
=therewith = as well as = as well = and =
also = too =
in addition
(
to
)
= moreover = furthermore =
apart
∕
aside from
除??之外
还,此外,而且,加之(用于“包括的”特殊人或事物前)
②
that is
(
to
say
)
= namely
也就是说(有补充解释说明的作用)
③
to put it
another way = put another way = in other words
换句话说(有补
充解释说明的作用)
④
simply put
∕
stated
∕
spoken
简言之
⑤
or rather
或者更确切地说
【注】
注意
besides
与
except
的区别。例如:①
All of
us passed besides
John
。(约翰也及格了);②
All
of us passed except John
。(约翰没有及
格)
except
用于“不包括”的特殊人或事物前
第四,
表示补充(解释、说明)
①
But = except
(
for
)
=
apart
∕
aside from = other than
除??之外(都),常用于否定句中,用于“不包括”的特殊人
或事物前。
例如:①
No one saw
it but me
。
②
There is nobody
here other than me
。
②
that is
(
to say
)
= namely
也就是说(有补充解释说明的作用)
③
to put it another way = put another way
= in other words
换句话说
(有补
充解释说明的作用)
④
冒号、破折号
第五,
表示让步
①
Despite = in
spite of = notwithstanding = regardless
∕
irrespective of
=
out of
account
(不予考虑)
=
in
disregard of = for all
(
that
)
= although