-
Lesson 7
：
Cities and
Suburbs Are Trading Places
远程办公
Young
Singles, Other
‘Non
-
Families’ Taking Over
Outer Areas, Study Shows
研究显
示，单身青年和其他
“
非家庭成员
”<
/p>
占据了周边地区
By D’Vera
Cohn.
A role reversal
between cities and suburbs is rewriting a
demographic script that has
dominated
American life for decades.
城
市和郊区之间的角色转换正在改写几十年来主导美国生活的人口统计学脚本。
Young
singles,
elderly
widows
and
other
such
“non
-
family
households”now
outnumber mar
ried
-
with
-
children homes in the nation’s suburbs,
creating changes in
demand
for
housing,
entertainment
and
services
in
the
communities
where
most
Americans
live.
在美国的郊区，
年轻的单
身人士、
年老的寡妇和其他类似的
“
无
家庭家庭
”
现在的
数量超过了结婚带孩
子的家庭，
这就改变了大多数美国人居住的社区对住房、
娱
乐和服务的需求。
At
the
same
time,
the
married
-
with
-
children
families
often
thought
of
as
typically
suburban are
increasing in many growing cities of the South and
West, according to a
study based on the
2000 Census to be released today by the Brookings
Institution.
与此同时，布鲁金斯学会
(Brookings Instit
ution)
今天发布的一项基于
2000
年人口
普查的研究显示，
在美国南部和西部许多发展中城市
，
通常被认为是典型的郊区
已婚带孩子家庭的人数正在增加。<
/p>
In suburbs, the demand for
social services is rising even as nightclubs are
springing
up in shopping malls to serve
affluent singles.
在郊区，
对社会服务的需求正在上升，
尽管为富裕单身人士服务的购物中心里的
夜总会如雨后春笋般涌现。
In
some cities, school buildings are crowded again,
and small commercial districts are
rising from the dead.
在一些城市，学校建筑再次拥挤起来，小型商业区死而复生。
In
the
Washington
area,
non
-
families
have
outnumbered
married
-
with
-
children
households in most of
the region’s biggest suburbs for more than a
decade, and the
trend
intensified
in
the
1990s,
hi
the
region’s
outer
suburbs,
married
couples
with
children still
dominate.
在华盛顿地区，
十多年来，
在该地区大部分最大的郊区，
非家庭家庭的数量超过
了已婚带孩子的家庭，
这一趋势在
20
世纪
90
年代加剧，
< br>在该地区的远郊，
已婚
带孩子的家庭仍然占主导地位。<
/p>
The transformation of the
suburbs reflects the arrival of a more diverse
population and
changes in the lives of
people already living there.
郊区的转变反映了人口多样化的到来，
以及已经生活在那里的人们的生活发生了
变化。
There
is
a
growing
singles
scene
of
young
people
who
want
to
live
near
suburban
workplaces,
an
increasing
number
of
unmarried
couples
buying
houses,
and
more
homes being rented to groups, including
immigrants.
越来越多的年轻人想要住在郊区工
作场所附近，
越来越多的未婚夫妇在买房，
越
< br>来越多的房子被租给团体，包括移民。
At
the
same
time,
there
also
are
more
elderly
individuals—once
in
a
couple,
now
widowed—who want to remain in the
neighborhoods where they raised their
children.
与此同时，
也有
越来越多的老人
——
曾经是一对夫妻，
现在已经丧偶
——
愿意留
在养育子女的
社区。
“The
suburbs
increasingly
are
becoming
a
microcosm
of
America,”
said
demographer William H. Frey, the
report’s co
-
author. “All the
problems we associate
with
America
and
even
urban
America
are
suburban
problems
…
housing
affordability at the low end, senior
services at the high end.”
该
报告的合著者、
人口学家威廉
·h·
弗
雷
(William H. Frey)
说
:“
郊区正日益成为美国
的缩影。
”“
所有我们与美国甚至美国城市联系在一起的问题都是郊区问题
……
低
端的住房负担能力，高端的高级服务。
The
growing
power
of
single
suburbanites
of
all
ages
could
foreshadow
political
struggles.
各个年龄段的郊区居民日益增长的力量可能预示着政治斗争。
“They
may
be
able
to
outvote
the
households
with
children
who
need
school
and
playgrounds,” said regional economist
Stephen Fuller, who teaches at George Mason
University.
在乔治梅森大学
(George
Mason
University)
任教的地区经济学家斯蒂芬
·
富勒
(S
tephen
Fuller)
说
:“
他们可能会在投票中击败那些有孩子需要上学和玩耍的家
庭。<
/p>
”
There are now
12.8 million non
-
family
households in the suburbs of the nation’s 102
largest metropolitan areas, according
to Frey’s analysis, and 11.7 million households
in the married
-
wi
th
-
children category, in
1990, the situation was reversed.
根据弗雷的分析，在美国
102
个最大的都市区的
郊区，现在有
1280
万非家庭，
有<
/p>
1170
万家庭属于已婚带孩子的家庭。
1990
年，情况发生了逆转。
In 32 older northern metropolitan
areas, non
-
family households
accounted for most
of the suburban
household growth in the 1990s, Frey said.
弗雷说，
20
世纪
90
年代，在
32
个北部老城区，非家庭家庭占了郊区家庭增长
的大部分。
They included Buffalo, Detroit,
Pittsburgh and metropolitan areas—Cleveland; Gary,
Ind.; and St. Louis—the number of marri
ed
-
with
-
children households in the suburbs
actually dropped.
其中包括布法罗、底特律、匹兹堡和克利夫兰等大城市
;
印第
安纳州加里市。在
圣路易斯，郊区已婚带孩子的家庭数量实际上下降了。
In
Anne
Arundel
County,
where
non
-
family
households
out
-
numbered
married
-
with
-
children
homes
for
the
first
time
in
2000,
county
demographer
Sandy
Speer said most are
people living alone.
2000
年，在安妮阿伦德尔县，非家庭家庭的数量首次超过了已婚带孩子家庭。
该县人口统计学家斯皮尔
(Sandy
Speer)
说，大多数是独居的人。
Some were longtime county residents who
got divorced or were widowed.
有些人是县里的老住户，离婚或丧偶。
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