语言学选择题练习

语言学选择题练习

Ⅲ

. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete

the statement:

1. The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) ______.

A. bound morpheme

B. bound form

C. inflectional morpheme

D. free morpheme

2. The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the

meaning of a compound __________.

A. is the sum total of the meaning of its components

B. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemes

C. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.

D. None of the above.

3. The part of speech of the compounds is generally determined by the part of speech of

__________.

A. the first element

B. the second element

C. either the first or the second element

D. both the first and the second elements

4. _______ are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other

morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.

A. Free morphemes

B. Bound morphemes

C. Bound words

D. Words

5. _________ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the

rules by which words are formed.

A. Syntax

B. Grammar

C. Morphology

D. Morpheme

6. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _______.

A. lexical

B. morphemic

C. grammatical

D. semantic

7. Bound morphemes are those that ___________.

A. have to be used independently

B. can not be combined with other morphemes

C. can either be free or bound

D. have to be combined with other morphemes

8. _______ modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of

the original word.

A. Prefixes

B. Suffixes

C. Roots

D. Affixes

9. _________ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the

linguists.

A. Words

B. Morphemes

C. Phonemes

D. Sentences

1

0. “

-

s” in the word “books” is _______.

A. a derivative affix

B. a stem

C. an inflectional affix

D. a root

11 Of all the speech organs, the _______ is/are the most flexible.

A. mouth

B. lips

C. tongue

D. vocal cords

12. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds.

A. voiceless

B. voiced

C. vowel

D. consonantal

13. __________ is a voiced alveolar stop.

A. /z/

B. /d/

C. /k/

D. /b/

14

. The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by “copying”a feature of a

sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones ____________.

A. identical

B. same

C. exactly alike

D. similar

15. Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can

distinguish meaning, they are said to be ___________.

A. in phonemic contrast

B. in complementary distribution

C. the allophones

D. minimal pair

16. The sound /f/ is _________________.

A. voiced palatal affricate

B. voiced alveolar stop

C. voiceless velar fricative

D. voiceless labiodental fricative

17. A ____ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest

position.

A. back

B. central

C. front

D. middle

18. Distinctive features can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic

segments. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called

_______.

A. phonetic components

B. immediate constituents

C. suprasegmental features

D. semantic features

19. A(n) ___________ is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of

distinctive phonetic features.

A. phone

B. sound

C. allophone

D. phoneme

different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are

called the ____ of that phoneme.

A. phones

B. sounds

C. phonemes

D. allophones

21. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be

_______.

A. prescriptive

B. analytic

C. descriptive

D. linguistic

22. Modern linguistics regards the written language as _______.

A. primary

B. correct

C. secondary

D. stable

23. A historical study of language is a _______ study of language.

A. synchronic

B. diachronic

C. prescriptive

D. comparative

24. According to F. de Saussure, _______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the

mem- bers of a

speech community.

A. parole

B. performance

C. langue

D. Language

25.

Language

can

be

used

to

refer

to

contexts

removed

from

the

immediate

situations

of

the

speaker. This feature is called _______,

A. displacement

B. duality

C. flexibility

D. cultural transmission

26. Of all the speech organs, the _______ is/are the most flexible.

A. mouth

B. lips

C. tongue

D. vocal cords

27. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds.

A. voiceless

B. voiced

C. vowel

D. consonantal

28.

Since

/p/

and

/b/

are

phonetically

similar,

occur

in

the

same

environments

and

they

can

distinguish meaning,

they are said to be ___________.

A. in phonemic contrast

B. in complementary distribution

C. the allophones

D. minimal pair

29. A ____ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest

position.

A. back

B. central

C. front

D. middle

30. A(n) ___________ is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of

distinctive phonetic features.

A. phone

B. sound

C. allophone

D. phoneme

3

1. The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) ______.

A. bound morpheme

B. bound form

C. inflectional morpheme

D. free morpheme

3

2. The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the

meaning of a compound __________.

A. is the sum total of the meaning of its components

B. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemes

C. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.

D. None of the above.

33.

_________

is

a

branch of

grammar

which

studies

the

internal

structure

of

words

and

the

rules by which

words are formed.

A. Syntax

B. Grammar

C. Morphology

D. Morpheme

34. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _______.

A. lexical

B. morphemic

C. grammatical

D. semantic

35. _______ modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of

the original word.

A. Prefixes

B. Suffixes

C. Roots

D. Affixes

36. A sentence is considered ____ when it does not conform to the grammatical knowledge in the

mind of native speakers.

A. right

B. wrong

C. grammatical

D. ungrammatical

37. Phrase structure rules have ____ properties.

A. recursive

B. grammatical

C. social

D. functional

38. Phrase structure rules allow us to better understand _____________.

A. how words and phrases form sentences.

B. what constitutes the grammaticality of strings of words

C. how people produce and recognize possible sentences

D. All of the above.

39. Syntactic movement is dictated by rules traditionally called ________.

A.

transformational

rules

B.

generative

rules

C.

phrase

structure

rules

D.

x-bar

theory