英语语言学概论第五章习题及答案

2017

级语言学概论第五章习题

请认真填写学号和姓名。每次答题仅第一次提交有效。

个人信息：

[

矩阵文本题

]

*

姓名：

学号

:

________________________

________________________

I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False.

1. Dialectal synonyms can often be found in different regional dialects such as British

English and American English but cannot be found within the variety itself, for example,

within British English or American English. [

判断题

]

*

对

错

(

正确答案

)< /p>

2. Sense is concerned with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-

linguistic world of experience, while the reference deals with the inherent meaning of the

linguistic form. [

判断题

]

*

对

错

(

正确答案

)< /p>

3. Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different

situations. [

判断题

]

*

对

(

正确答案

)

错

4. In semantics, meaning of language is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation

to the physical world of experience. [

判断题

]

*

对

错

(

正确答案

)< /p>

5. Contextualism is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from or reduce

meaning to observable contexts. [

判断题

]

*

对

(

正确答案

)

错

6. Behaviourists attempted to define the meaning of a language form as the situation in

which the speaker utters it and the response it calls forth in the hearer. [

判断题

]

*

对

(

正确答案

)

错

7. The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components. [

判

断题

]

*

对

错

(

正确答案

)< /p>

8. Most languages have sets of lexical items similar in meaning but ranked differently

according to their degree of formality. [

判断题

]

*

对

(

正确答案

)

错

9.

“it

is

hot.”

is a no-place predication because it contains no argument. [

判断题

]

*

对

(

正确答案

)

错

10. In grammatical analysis, the sentence is taken to be the basic unit, but in semantic

analysis of a sentence, the basic unit is predication, which is the abstraction of the

meaning of a sentence. [

判断题

]

*

对

(

正确答案

)

错

II. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the first letter

given.

11. S________ can be defined as the study of meaning. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

Semantics)

12. The conceptualist view holds that there is no d______ link between a linguistic form

and what it refers to. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

direct)

13. R______ means what a linguistic form refers to in the real, physical world; it deals

with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of

experience. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

Reference)

14. Words that are close in meaning are called s________. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

synonyms)

15. When two words are identical in sound, but different in spelling and meaning, they

are called h__________. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

homophones)

16. R_________ opposites are pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of a relationship

between the two items. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

Relational)

17. C ____ analysis is based upon the belief that the meaning of a word can be divided

into meaning components. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

Componential)

18. Whether a sentence is semantically meaningful is governed by rules called s________

restrictions, which are constraints on what lexical items can go with what others. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

selectional)

19. An a________ is a logical participant in a predication, largely identical with the

nominal element(s) in a sentence. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

argument)

20. According to the n ____ theory of meaning, the words in a language are taken to be

labels of the objects they stand for. [

填空题

]

*

_______________ __________________

(

答案：

naming)

III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best

complete the statement.

21. The naming theory is advanced by

（）

. [

单选题

]

*

A. Plato

(

正确答案

)

B. Bloomfield

C. Geoffrey Leech

D. Firth

22.

“We

shall know a word by the company it

keeps.”

This statement represents

（）

.

[

单选题

]

*

A. the conceptualist view

B. contexutalism

(

正确答案

)

C. the naming theory

D. behaviourism

23. Which of the following is not true?

（）

[

单选题

]

*

A. Sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.

B. Sense is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form.

C. Sense is abstract and de-contextualized.

D. Sense is the aspect of meaning dictionary compilers are not interested in.

(

正确答案

)

24.

“Can

I borrow your

bike?”

（）

“

You have a

bike.”

[

单选题

]

*

A. is synonymous with

B. is inconsistent with

C. entails

D. presupposes

(

正确 答案

)

25.

（）

is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning

components, called semantic features. [

单选题

]

*