胡壮麟《语言学教程》分章试题

胡壮麟《语言学教程》分章测试题一

Chapter 8 Language in Use

1.

What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning

___D______ is considered.

A. reference

B. speech act

C. practical usage

D. context

2.

A sentence is a ______B___ concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in

isolation.

A. pragmatic

B. grammatical

C. mental

D. conceptual

3.

If we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it

becomes a (n) ___C______.

A. constative

B. directive

C. utterance

D. expressive

4.

Which of the following is true?

√

A. Utterances usually do not take the form of sentences.

B. Some utterances cannot be restored to complete sentences.

C. No utterances can take the form of sentences.

√

D. All utterances can be restored to complete sentences.

5.

Speech act theory did not come into being until ____A______.

A. in the late 50’s of the 20the century

B. in t

he early 1950’s

C. in the late 1960’s

D. in the early 21st century

6.

___C_______

is

the

act

performed

by

or

resulting

from

saying

something;

it

is

the

consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance.

A. A locutionary act

B. An illocutionary act

C. A perlocutionary act

D. A performative act

7.

According to Searle, the illocutionary point of the representative is ___B___.

A. to get the hearer to do something

B. to commit the speaker to something’s being the case

C. to commit the speaker to some future course of action

D. to express the feelings or attitude towards an existing state of affairs

8.

All

the

acts

that

belong

to

the

same

category

share

the

same

purpose,

but

they

differ

___A__

C

_____.

A. in their illocutionary acts

B. in their intentions expressed

C. in their strength or force

D. in their effect brought about

9.

_____A_____ is advanced by Paul Grice

A. Cooperative Principle

B. Politeness Principle

C. The General Principle of Universal Grammar

D. Adjacency Principle

10.

When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted, __D_____ might arise.

A. impoliteness

B. contradictions

C. mutual understanding

D. conversational implicatures

II.

Decide whether the following statements are true or false. (10%)

11. F

Pragmatics treats the meaning of language as something intrinsic and inherent.

12.T

It would be impossible to give an adequate description of meaning if the context of language

use was left unconsidered.

13.T

What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning

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胡壮麟《语言学教程》分章测试题一

the context of use is considered.

14. F

The major difference between a sentence and an utterance is that a sentence is not uttered

while an utterance is.

15.F

The meaning of a sentence is abstract, but context-dependent.

16.F

The meaning of an utterance is decontexualized, therefore stable.

17T.

F

Utterances always take the form of complete sentences

18. F

Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Searle.

19.T

Speech act theory started in the l

ate 50’s of the 20th century.

20.T

Austin made the distinction between a constative and a performative.

III. Fill in the blanks. (20%)

21.

The notion of ___context_______ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.

22.

If

we

think

of

a

sentence

as

what

people

actually

utter

in

the

course

of

communication,

it

becomes an ___utterance_______.

23.

The meaning of a sentence is __

abstrac

t________, and decontexualized.

24.

_Constative_________ were statements that either state or describe, and were thus verifiable.

25.

__Performative_______ were sentences that did not state a fact or describe a state, and were

not verifiable.

26.

A(n) __locuionary________ act is the act of uttering words, phrases, clauses. It is the act of

conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and phonology.

27.

A(n) ___illocutionary

_______ act is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention; it is the act

performed in saying something.

28.

A(n) __commisive_______ is commit the speaker himself to some future course of action.

29.

A(n) __expressive______ is to express feelings or attitude towards an existing state.

30.

There

are

four

maxims

under

the

cooperative

principle:

the

maxim

of

____quantity______,

the maxim of quality, the maxim of relation and the maxim of manner.

IV

.

Explain the following terms, using examples. (20%)

31.

Conversational implicature

32.

Performative

33.

Locutionary act

34.

Q-principle (Horn)

Key:

Chapter8

I. 1~5 DBCBA

6~10 CBCAD

II. 11~15 FTTFF

16~20 FFFTT

III. t

nce

ct

24. Constatives25. Performatives

26. locutionary

27. illocutionary

28. commissive

29. expressive

30. quantity

Chapter 12 Theories and Schools of Modern Linguistics

I.

Choose the best answer. (20%)

1.

The person who is often described as “father of modern linguistics” is __

B________..

A. Firth

B. Saussure

C. Halliday

D. Chomsky

2.

The most important contribution of the Prague School to linguistics is that it sees language in

terms of ___A_______.

A. function

B. meaning

C. signs

D. system

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