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高考英语名词知识点解析含答案(2)

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2021-02-06 01:32
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2021年2月6日发(作者:刘联华)


高考英语名词知识点解析含答案


(2)



一、选择题



1



Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.



A



trend



A



has been raised; rise



C



has raised; rise



A



burden



A



sign



A



supply


B



risk



B



signal


B



respect

< p>


B



tendency



C



ten sion



B



has been risen; raise



D



has raised; rose



C



hole



C



mark



C



devotion



D



disaster



D



symbo l



D



ar rangement



D


< p>
threat



2



Since 1949, the people’s living standard


____, causing a big ____ in population.



3



A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems.



4



Timoteo has an unusual job



he is a human traffic _________.



5



It’s her __


______ of time to medical research that helped Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize.



6



---What's new?



---The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival travel ____ , also known as chunyun, will ___ on Jan 10


and end on Feb 18.



A



dash; kick out



A



contribution



C



coincidence



B



rush; kick off



C



flow; kick in



B



c onstruction



D



composition



D



jam; kick up



7



The building under _____for stay-at-home children will be completed in March



8



To everyone's surprise, the three-year-old boy recited Three- Character Canon without making


a single .



A



sl ide



A



energies; occur



C



resources last



A



expedition



A



gas



A



command

< br>


A



attempt



B



transfo rmation



B



orbit



B


< p>
control



B


.< /p>


programme



B



slip



C



sneeze


B



materials erupt



D



sources; bury



C



link



C



chemicals



C



charge



C



intent ion



D



release



D



vapors



D



possession



D


dream



D



squeeze



9



Our natural ________ are limited. This means that they will not________forever.



10



Nearly a year after his____________ from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly.



11



How much does it cost to put satellite into____________




12



Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-


breaking.



13



He has been spreading false stories in a(n)____________to smear(


诽谤


)us.



14



Poverty alleviation is a high priority of our country and has been put on the top of________at


two sessions.



A



agenda



B



subject



C



directory


< /p>


D



seminar


15



President Donald Trump's first state dinner excluded Democratic members of Congress and


the media, which was criticized by many as a(n) _________ from tradition.



A< /p>



departure



B



benefit



C



escape



D



lesson


16



This book gives a brief _______ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in


the main hall.



A< /p>



outline


B



output



C



operation



D



organ



17



A _______ will be paid to anyone who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost,



according to the advertisement.



A

< br>.


price



A



sake


B



lack



C



ignorance


D



knock



19



The good news that he got a_________to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family.


< br>A



prospect



B



promotion


C



priority



D



privile ge



20



One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have___________ to places like


shops and restaurants.



A



method



A



meaning



A



situation


B



access



B



importance



B



case



C



way



C



sense



C



condition



D



means



D



signi ficance



D



environment



21



I


have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any________to me.



22



On _________ that all go smoothly, we can realize our annual goals as expected.



23



Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big __________, but now I know it


was the best decision I ever made.



A



project


< br>A



discrimination


A



method



B



commitmen t



B



co mpromise



B



experiment.



C



competition



C



substitute



C



warning



D



ambition



D



disadvantage< /p>



D



effe ct



24



In the process of getting rid of racial________,the USA is left far behind.



25



Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out the____________.



B



profit



C



reward



D



salary



18



The explorer got a disease in blood for ________of fresh vegetables and fruit.



< p>
【参考答案】


***


试卷处理标记,请不要删除< /p>





一、选择题




1



B


解析:


B



【解析】



【分析】



【详解】



考查名词词义辨析。句意:简人很好,但她话太多。


A. trend


趋势,走向;


trend towards/in


sth.


动态;


B. tendency


趋势,癖好;


tendency (for sb./sth.) to do sth.


倾向;偏好;


C. tension


紧张,张力;


D. threat


威胁。根据题干中搭配的介词是


to, tendency to do sth.


表示“简喜欢


说太多的话”。故选


B




2



A


解析:


A



【解析】



【详解】



考查时态和名词。句意:自 从


1949


年以来,人民的生活水平提高了,导致了人口的大幅 增


长。根据句子中的


Since 1949

可知,此处应用现在完成时,


raise


是及物动词有被动 ,故


C



D


项 错误;


rise


为不及物动词无被动,故


B


项错误,根据句子可知,


raise



people’s


living standard


之间是被动关系,故填


has been raised;


第二空由


a big


可 知,用名词,


rise



名词讲意为< /p>



增长;上升



。故选


A




3



A


解析:


A



【解析】



【详解】



考查名词词义辨析。句意: 当我告诉父母我的问题时,我肩上的重担减轻了。


A. burden



担;


B. risk


冒险;


C. hole


洞;


D. disaster


灾难。根据句意及选项可知,此处使用“负担减


轻”符合题意。故选

A




4



B


解析:


B



【解析】



【详解】



考查名词词义辨析。句意: 铁穆特欧有一个不同寻常的工作


——


人体交通信号灯。


A. sign


符号;


B. signal


信号;


C. mark


记号;


D. symbol


象 征。这里指“交通信号灯”,所以用


traffic signal

。故选


B




【点睛】



名词


mark



sign



signal



symbol


的区别:



mark (


标志,标记


)


事物留下的印迹


/

< br>标记或有别于其他事物的特征,比如


trade marks




sign (


标记,符号


)=symbol


;指示牌、告示牌 、店牌等;比喻“征兆,迹象”;



signal (


信号,暗号


)


常指约定俗成,用于传达某些信息 的信号,可以灯光,声音或图画的形


式来表现。



symbol (


象征,符号


)


指人们用某物体或图案代表另一事物,并作为该事物的标记或象征。



本题根据“


Timoteo has an unusual job


”可知,


Timoteo


扮演的 是“人体交通信号灯”,所


以用


human traffic signal


,从而选择出正确的答案。



5



C


解析:


C



【解析】



【分析】



【详解】



考查名词词义辨析。句意: 正是她对医学研究的投入,帮助屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖。


A.


supply


提供;


B. respect


尊重;


C. devotion


奉献,投入;


D. arrangement


安排。根据


Tu


Youyou win the Nobel Prize


可知 ,屠呦呦对医学研究的投入了很多时间。故选


C




6



B


解析:


B



【解析】



【详解】



考查名词词义辨析和动词短 语词义辨析。句意:


---


有什么新消息?

---


即将到来的


40


天的春


运高峰期,又称春运,将于


1


< p>
10


日拉开序幕,


2


月< /p>


18


日结束。


A. dash


破折号


; kick out




走;


B. rush









kick off




始;


C. flow





kick in














用;


D. jam





; kick up






障。由“


The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival


”可知,第一个空在说春


运高 峰期。由“


end on Feb 18


”可知,第二个空在说 春运的开始时间。


end



kick off


“开


始”相对应。故选


B


项。



7



B


解析:


B



【解析】



【分析】



【详解】



考查名词辨析及固定搭配。


contribution


贡献,捐赠,捐助;


construction


建造,建筑物


;


coincidence


巧合


;


一致;


composition


作文,作曲 。句意


:


正在被建的留守儿童楼将于


3


月竣


工。本句说的是建筑物,因此要用建造中。


under construction


意为“(正在)修建中”,


因此选


B




8



B


解析:


B



【解析】



【分析】



【详解】



考查名词辨析。句意:令大 家吃惊的是,这个三岁的小男孩居然一字不漏地背诵了三字


经。


A. slide


滑动;


B. slip


疏忽,错误;


C. sneeze



喷嚏;


D. squeeze


挤压。根据“


To


everyone's surprise


”可知,三岁男孩背 诵三字经没有一点错误让每个人都很惊讶。故选


B


< p>


9



C


解析:


C



【解析】



【分析】



【详解】



考查名词和动词辨析。句意 :我们的自然资源是有限的,这意味着它们不能永远持续。


A.


energies;


精力;


occur


发生;


B. materials


材料;


erupt


爆发;


C. resources


资源;


last



续;


D. sources;


资源;


bury


埋 葬。有限的是自然资源,有限当然不能持续使用。故选


C




10



D


解析:


D



【解析】



【分析】


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