-
Unit 1
Complete
the
following
sentences
by
translating
the
Chinese
into
English after the model, using “much
less”
Model:
Americans
do
not
assess
their
visitors
in
such
relaxed
surroundings over
extended small talks,
much less do they
take
them out for dinner.
(
更不用说带他们出去吃饭了
)
1.
The student
can hardly speak simple English,
much
less can
he write English
articles.(
更不用说写英语文章了
)
2.
He cannot
manage a small shop,
much less can he
manage a
big company.
（更不用说管理
一家大公司了。
）
3.
John
couldn’t
even
pick
up
the
boxes,
much
less
could
he
carry it
upstairs.
（更不用说把它搬到楼上去了。
）
4.
I’ve
never seen the man,
much
less have I spoken to
him.
（更不用说跟他谈话了）
5.
Almost every
scientist now finds it impossible to read all the
works connected with his own subject,
much less to read a
lot
outside of it.
（更不用说大量地阅读自己学科以外的东
西了
）
Combine
the
following
sentences
using
the
conjunction
“whereas”
to
introduce
a
clause
which
contrasts
with
what
is
said in
the main clause.
Model : The telephone service is superb
here. The postal service
is less
efficient.
The telephone service is
superb here,
whereas
the
postal service
is less efficient.
1.
Having meals
at home can cost as little as two or three
dollars.
Eating out at a restaurant is
always more expensive.
Having meals at
home can cost as little as two or three dollars,
whereas
eating out at a
restaurant is always more expensive.
2.
We
thought
she
was
rather
proud.
In
fact
she
was
just
very
shy.
We thought she was rather proud,
whereas
in fact she was just
very shy.
3.
we
have
never
done
anything
for
them.
They
have
done
so
much for
us.
We have never done anything for
them,
whereas
they have done
so much for us.
4.
Natalie
prefers to stay for another week. Her husband
prefers
to leave immediately.
Natalie prefers to stay for another
week,
whereas
her husband
prefers to leave immediately.
5.
Some praise
him highly. Others put him down severely.
Some praise him highly,
whereas
others put him down
severely.
Unit 2
Study
the
two
models
and
rewrite
each
of
the
following
sentences with the preposition
“despite”
Model
1:
The
president
went
to
the
dinner
though
he
was
seriously ill.
The president went to the dinner
despite his serious illness.
Model
2:
They
decided
to
carry
out
the
plan
though
many
people were opposed to
it.
They decided to carry out the plan
despite so much opposition.
1.
They
didn’t
lose
hea
rt
though
they
experienced
lots
of
frustration.
They didn’t
lose heart despite lots of frustration.
2.
Though it was
raining heavily, the boys played football in the
yard all afternoon.
Despite
the heavy rain, the boys played football in the
yard all
afternoon.
3.
I will try my
best though the chances of success are slim.
I will try my best despite the slim
chances of success.
4.
Though
they
searched
for
the
escaped
prisoner
in
the
mountain
thoroughly, no sign of him was found.
Despite
a
thorough
search
for
the
escaped
prisoner
in
the
mountain, no
sign of him was found.
5.
Though their income was increased,
their life became poorer
because of the
rising prices.
Despite their increase
income, their life became poorer because
of the rising prices.
Complete
the
following
sentences
by
translating
the
Chinese
into
English, using “ nor”.
Model:
We don’t
need air conditioning,
nor
can
we afford
it.
(
我们也买不起
)
1.
I
won’t
apologize
to
him
for
doing
this,
nor
do
I
think
it
necessary to do
so.
（我也不觉得有这个必要）
2.
My
parents
said
they
wouldn’t
come
to
us
for
the
Chinese
New Year,
nor would they go to my sister’s.
（他
们也不会去
我妹妹家）
3.
We have no
idea about where the girl lives,
nor do
we have
her telephone
number.
（我们也没有她的电话号码）
4.
I
don’t
feel
like
continuing
my
study
after
graduation,
nor
would I like to go to work immediately.
（我也不想马上去
工作）
5.
Father
and
I
worked
out
this
plan
together;
he
wouldn’t
change it no matter
what happened
, nor would I.
（我也不
会
）
Unit 3
Rewrite the following
sentences after the model by using “never
too…to…” structure. Note that this
struct
ure is a variant form of
“not too…to…”, only it is much more
emphatic.
Model: It’s not so
late that you cannot change your mind.
It’s never too late (for you) to change
your mind.
1.
It is not so bad that we can do nothing
about this situation.
It is never too
bad for us to do something about the situation.
2.
No one is so
old that he cannot learn.
One is never
too old to learn.
3.
It’s not so late that you cannot put a
stop to this madness.
It is
never too late for you to put a stop to this
madness.
4.
It is
not so late that you cannot mend your ways.
It is never too late for you to mend
your ways.
5.
His
income
was
not
so
small
that
he
could
not
support
his
family.
His income was never
too small to support his family.
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
after
the
model
by
using
an
appositional structure.
Model:
At
first
I
harbored
my
reservations
about
a
mixed
marriage. You might even call my
reservations prejudices.
At
first
I
harbored
my
reservations
about
a
mixed
marriage,
prejudices you
might even call them.
1.
My best friend was here last night.
Anna was my best friend.
My best friend
Ann, was here last night.
2.
The company manager gathered his staff
and announced the
decision. Mr. Madison
was the company manager.
The
company
manager,
Mr
Madison,
gathered
his
staff
and
announced the decision.
3.
You
should
have
seen
an
ophthalmologist.
An
ophthalmologist is an eye
doctor.
You should have seen an
ophthalmologist, an eye doctor.
4.
He
sent
for
the
accountant.
The
accountant
was
the
most
experienced person in accounting.
He
sent
for
the
accountant,
the
most
experienced
person
in
accounting.
5.
“Leave
it
to
me,”
said
David.
David
was
the
man
on
night
duty.
“Leave it to me,” said David, the man
on night duty.
Unit 4
Combine
the
following
parts
into
sentences
after
the
model,
using “it” as t
he formal
subject.
Model: Blandford, resisted the
urge, follow the younger woman,
though,
not easy, do so
Blandford
resisted
the
urge
to
follow
the
younger
woman,
though it was not easy to do so.
1.
necessary, the
manager, finish the whole task, before leaving
for a holiday.
It is
necessary for the
manager to finish the
whole task before
leaving for a
holiday.
2.
a
shame, take so much money, for doing so little.
It is a shame to take so much money for
doing so little.
3.
our responsibility, help people around
us, who are in
trouble
it
is
our
responsibility
to
help
people
around
us
who
are
in
trouble.
4.
a surprise,
for us all, realize he has been cheating us
it is a surprise for us all to realize
he has been cheating us.
5.
pleasant,
for
the
mother,
see
her
daughter,
growing
into
a
young
lady.
It is pleasant for the mother to
see her daughter growing into a
young
lady.
Complete
the
following
sentences
by
translating
the
Chinese
into
English, using “as long as”
1.
Sandy
promised
to
marry
John
as
long
as
she
got
her
father’s a
gre
ement.
（只要她能得到父亲的同意）
2.
As
long
as
you
set
a
goal
for
yourself,
you
will
get
somewhere
someday.
（只要你为自己定下目标）
3.
As long as she
covers all the expenses herself
, she
can go to
visit her aunt in Los
Angeles.
（只要她自己支付一切费用）
4.
The
secretary
will
get
a
pay
raise,
as
long
as
she
does
her
job
well.
（只要她做好工作）
5.
As long as you
never lose heart,
no difficulty is too
great to
triumph
over.
（只要你不泄气）
Unit 5
Combine
the
following
sentences,
using
“which”
to
refer
back to an idea or situation expressed
in a previous sentence
or sentences.
Model: They are filtered. I am grateful
for this fact.
They are filtered, for
which I am grateful.
1.
John went to
the cinema with his brother. This surprised me.
John went to the cinema with his
brother, which surprised me.
2.
The boy broke
the window. He was criticized by the teacher
for this.
The boy broke the window, for which he
was criticized by the
teacher.
3.
He tore up my
photo. I was angered very much by this
He tore up my photo, by which I was
angered very much.
4.
It was raining hard. The team stayed
indoors for the rain.
It was raining
hard, for which the team stayed indoors.
5.
Connie changed
her mind for the second time. This came as
no surprise to us.
Connie
changed her mind for the second time, which came
as no
surprise to us.
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
by
using
“
so…that…”
structure to
emphasize the degree of something.
Model:
He
had
very
little
breath.
He
was
always
leaning
on
something.
He had so little
breath that he was always leaning on something.
1.
The
teacher
spoke
very
quietly.
The
students
could
hardly
hear her.
The teacher spoke so quietly that the
students could hardly hear
her.
2.
The lecture
was quite boring. Many listeners fell asleep.