水利专业名词(中英文对照)

水利专业名词（中英）

A

安全储备

safety reserve

安全系数

safety factor

安全性

safety

岸边溢洪道

river-bank spillway

岸边绕渗

by-pass seepage around bank slope

岸墙

abutment wall

岸塔式进水口

bank-tower intake

B

坝的上游面坡度

upstream slpoe of dam

坝的下游面

downstream face of dam

坝顶

dam crest

坝顶长度

crest length

坝顶超高

freeboard of dam crest

坝高

dam height

坝顶高程

crest elevation

坝顶宽度

crest width

坝段

monolith

坝基处理

foundation treatment

坝基排水

drain in dam foundation

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坝基渗漏

leakage of dam foundation

坝肩

dam abutment

坝壳

dam shell

坝坡

dam slope

坝坡排水

drain on slope

坝体混凝土分区

grade zone of concrete in dam

坝体排水系统

drainage system in dam

坝型选择

selection of dam type

坝址选择

selection of dam site

坝趾

dam toe

坝踵

dam heel

坝轴线

dam axis

本构模型

constitutive model

鼻坎

bucket

比尺

scale

比降

gradient

闭门力

closing force

边墩

side pier

边界层

boundary layer

边墙

side wall

边缘应力

boundary stress

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变形观测

deformation observation

变中心角变半径拱坝

variable angle and radius arch dam

标准贯入试验击数

number of standard penetration test

冰压力

ice pressure

薄壁堰

sharp-crested weir

薄拱坝

thin-arch dam

不均匀沉降裂缝

differential settlement crack

不平整度

irregularity

C

材料力学法

method of strength of materials

材料性能分项系数

partial factor for property of material

侧槽溢洪道

side channel spillway

侧轮

side roller

侧收缩系数

coefficient of side contraction

测缝计

joint meter

插入式连接

insert type connection

差动式鼻坎

differential bucket

掺气

aeration

掺气槽

aeration slot

掺气减蚀

cavitation control by aeration

厂房顶溢流

spill over power house

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沉降

settlement

沉井基础

sunk shaft foundation

沉沙池

sediment basin

沉沙建筑物

sedimentary structure

沉沙条渠

sedimentary channel

沉陷缝

settlement joint

沉陷观测

settlement observation

衬砌的边值问题

boundary value problem of lining

衬砌计算

lining calculation

衬砌自重

dead-weight of lining

承载能力

bearing capacity

承载能力极限状态

limit state of bearing capacity

持住力

holding force

齿墙

cut-off wall

冲击波

shock wave

冲沙闸

flush sluice

冲刷坑

scour hole

重现期

return period

抽排措施

pump drainage measure

抽水蓄能电站厂房

pump-storage power house

出口段

outlet section

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初步设计阶段

preliminary design stage

初参数解法

preliminary parameter solution

初生空化数

incipient cavitation number

初应力法

initial stress method

船闸

navigation lock

垂直升船机

vertical ship lift

纯拱法

independent arch method

次要建筑物

secondary structure

刺墙

key-wall

粗粒土

coarse-grained soil

错缝

staggered joint

D

大坝安全评价

assessment of dam safety

大坝安全监控

monitor of dam safety

大坝老化

dam aging

大头坝

massive-head dam

单层衬砌

monolayer lining

单级船闸

lift lock

单线船闸

single line lock

挡潮闸

tide sluice

挡水建筑物

retaining structure

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导流洞

diversion tunnel

导墙

guide wall

倒虹吸管

inverted siphon

倒悬度

overhang

等半径拱坝

constant radius arch dam

等中心角变半径拱坝

constant angle and variable radius arch dam

底流消能

energy dissipation by hydraulic jump

底缘

bottom edge

地基变形

foundation deformation

地基变形模量

deformation modulus of foundation

地基处理

foundation treatment

地下厂房

underground power house

地下厂房变压器洞

transformer tunnel of underground power house

地下厂房出线洞

bus-bar tunnel of underground power house

地下厂房交通洞

access tunnel of underground power house

地下厂房通风洞

ventilation tunnel of underground power house

地下厂房尾水洞

tailwater tunnel of underground power house

地下轮廓线

under outline of structure

地下水

groundwater

地形条件

topographical condition

地形图比例尺

scale of topographical map

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地应力

ground stress

地震

earthquake

地震烈度

earthquake intensity

地质条件

geological condition

垫层

cushion

垫座

plinth

吊耳

lift eye

调度

dispatch

跌坎

drop-step

跌流消能

drop energy dissipation

跌水

drop

迭代法

iteration method

叠梁

stoplog

丁坝

spur dike

定向爆破堆石坝

directed blasting rockfill dam

动强度

dynamic strength

动水压力

hydrodynamic pressure

洞内孔板消能

energy dissipation by orifice plate in tunnel

洞内漩流消能

energy dissipation with swirling flow in tunnel

洞身段

tunnel body section

洞室群

cavern group

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洞轴线

tunnel axis

陡坡

steep slope

渡槽

短管型进水口

intake with pressure short pipe

断层

fault

堆石坝

rockfill dam

对数螺旋线拱坝

log spiral arch dam

多级船闸

multi-stage lock

多线船闸

multi-line lock

多心圆拱坝

multi-centered arch dam

多用途隧洞

multi-use tunnel

E

二道坝

secondary dam

F

发电洞

power tunnel

筏道

logway

反弧段

bucket

反滤层

filter

防冲槽

erosion control trench

防洪

flood preventi

，

flood control

防洪限制水位

restricted stage for flood prevention

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防浪墙

parapet

防渗墙

anti-seepage wall

防渗体

anti-seepage body

放空底孔

unwatering bottom outlet

非常溢洪道

emergency spillway

非线性有限元

non-linear finite element method

非溢流重力坝

nonoverflow gravity dam

分岔

fork

分洪闸

flood diversion sluice

分项系数

partial factor

分项系数极限状态设计法

limit state design method of partial factor

封拱

arch closure

封拱温度

closure temperature

浮筒式升船机

ship lift with floats

浮箱闸门

floating camel gate

浮运水闸

floating sluice

辅助消能工

appurtenant energy dissipation

G

刚体极限平衡法

rigid limit equilibrium method

刚性支护

rigid support

钢筋混凝土衬砌

reinforced concrete lining

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钢筋计

reinforcement meter

钢闸门

steel gate

高边坡

high side slope

高流速泄水隧洞

discharge tunnel with high velocity

工程管理

project management

工程规划

project plan

工程量

quantity of work

工程设计

engineering design

工程施工

engineering construction

工作桥

service bridge

工作闸门

main gate

拱坝坝肩岩体稳定

stability of rock mass near abutment of arch dam

拱坝布置

layout of arch dam

拱坝上滑稳定分析

up-sliding stability analysis of arch dam

拱坝体形

shape of arch dam

拱端

arch abutment

拱冠

arch crown

拱冠梁法

crown cantilever method

拱冠梁剖面

profile of crown cantilever

拱内圈

intrados

拱外圈

extrados

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固结

consolidation

固结灌浆

consolidation grouting

管涌

piping

灌溉

irrigation

规范

code

，

specification

过坝建筑物

structures for passing dam

过滤层

transition layer

过渡区

transition zone

过木机

log conveyer

过木建筑物

log pass structures

过鱼建筑物

fish-pass structures

H

海漫

flexible

涵洞

culvert

河道冲刷

river bed scour

荷载

load

荷载组合

load combination

横缝

transverse joint

横拉闸门

horizontal rolling /sliding gate

洪水标准

flood standard

虹吸溢洪道

siphon spillway

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厚高比

thickness to hight ratio

弧形闸门

radial gate

护岸工程

bank-protection works

护坡

slope protection

护坦

apron

戽琉消能

bucke-type energy dissipation

滑坡

land slip

滑楔法

sliding wedge method

滑雪道式溢洪道

skijump spillway

环境评价

environment assessment

换土垫层

cushion of replaced soil

回填灌浆

backfill grouting

混凝土

concrete

混凝土衬砌

concrete lining

混凝土防渗墙

concrete cutoff wall

混凝土面板

concrete face slab

混凝土面板堆石坝

concrete-faced rockfill dam

混凝土重力坝

concrete gravity dam

J

基本荷载组合

basic load combination

基本剖面

basic profile

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基面排水

base level drainage

激光准直发

method of laser alignment

极限平衡法

limit equilibrium method

极限状态

limit state

坚固系数

soundness coefficient

剪切模量

shear modulus

剪切应力

shear stress

检查

inspection

检修闸门

bulkhead

简单条分法

simple slices method

建筑材料

construction material

简化毕肖普法

simplified Bishop’s method

渐变段

transition

键槽

key/key-way

浆砌石重力坝

cement-stone masonry gravity dam

交叉建筑物

crossing structure

交通桥

access bridge

校核洪水位

water level of check floo

校核流量

check flood discharge

接触冲刷

contact washing

接触流土

soil flow on contact surface

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节制闸

controlling sluice

结构可靠度

reliability of structure

结构力学法

structural mechanics method

结构系数

structural coefficient

截流环

cutoff collar

截水槽

cutoff trench

进口段

inlet

进口曲线

inlet curve

进水喇叭口

inlet bellmouth

进水闸

inlet sluice

浸润面

saturated area

浸润线

saturated line

经济评价

economic assessment

井式溢洪道

shaft spillway

静水压力

hydrostatic pressure

均质土坝

homogeneous earth dam

K

开敞式溢洪道

open channel spillway

开裂机理

crack mechanism

勘测

exploration survey

坎上水深

water depth on sill

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抗冲刷性

scour resistance

抗冻性

frost resistance

抗滑稳定安全系数

safety coefficient of stability against sliding

抗剪断公式

shear-break strength formula

抗剪强度

shear strength

抗裂性

crack resistance

抗磨

abrasion-resistance

抗侵蚀性

erosion-resistance

抗震分析

analysis of earthquake resistance

颗粒级配曲线

grain size distribution curve

可靠度指标

reliability index

可行性研究设计阶段

design stage of feasibility study

空腹重力坝

hollow gravity dam

空腹拱坝

hollow arch dam

空化

cavitation

空化数

cavitation number

空蚀

cavitation damage

空隙水压力

pore water pressure

控制堰

control weir

枯水期

low water period

库区

reservoir area

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宽顶堰

broad crested weir

宽缝重力坝

slotted gravity dam

宽高比

width to height ratio

扩散段

expanding section

扩散角

divergent angle

L

拦沙坎

sediment control sill

拦污栅

trash rack

廊道

gallery

浪压力

wave pressure

棱体排水

prism drainage

理论分析

theory analysis

力法方程

canonical equation of force method

连续式鼻坎

plain bucket

联合消能

combined energy dissipation

梁式渡槽

beam-type flume

量水建筑物

water-measure structure

裂缝

crack

临界水力坡降

critical hydraulic gradient

临时缝

temporary joint

临时性水工建筑物

temporary hydraulic structure

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