上海牛津版高一下册-第5讲-U2重点词汇T

第

5

讲

Unit 2

重点词汇

T

1.

regard

…

as

把

…

视为

= recognize / consider / think of

…

as

e.g.

他被公认为是二十世纪早期最优秀的诗人。

He is widely regarded as the best poet in the early twentieth century.

翻译句子：

你不能把他看作朋友，他只是个 生意伙伴。

Key: You can't regard him as a friend but a business associate.

regard

n.

问候；致意（常用复数）

★

give one

’

s regards to sb.

向

sb

问好

e.g.

见到你哥哥时，代我向他问好。

Give my regards to your brother when you see him.

2.

attempt

n./v.

尝试；试图

e.g. I passed my driving test

at the first attempt

.

【搭配】

make an attempt to do sth.

试图做某事

make no attempt at(doing) sth

没有企图做某事

★

make an attempt to do sth.

e.g.

这家公司试图通过关闭两家工厂的办法来削减成本。

The company made an attempt to cut the costs by closing two factories.

翻译句子：

这个囚犯企图逃跑，但失败了。

Key: The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed.

3.

lead to

导致

= result in / bring about

e.g. The hurricane has led to thousands of deaths.

他的粗心导致了这次事故。

His carelessness led to the accident.

翻译句子：缺乏锻炼会导致抑郁和疲劳。

Key:

Lack of exercise can lead to feelings of depression and exhaustion.

lead

v.

过（某种生活）

e.g. The retired couple led a quiet life in the countryside.

1

4.

curiosity

n.

好奇心；求知欲

e.g. Children show curiosity about everything.

★

arouse / satisfy one

’

s curiosity

激发

/< /p>

满足某人的好奇心

e.g.

他的回答一点也没有满足我的好奇心。

His answer did not satisfy my curiosity at all.

curious

adj.

好奇的

★

be curious about sth.

★

be curious to do sth.

e.g.

他们对楼上住着的人感到非常好奇。

They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs.

翻译 句子

1

：

小孩子对每一件事都很好奇。

Key:

Little children are curious about everything.

翻 译句子

2

：

他很好奇，想知道办公室里 有什么事。

Key:

He was curious to know what was happening in the office.

5.

offer

v.

主动提出

e.g. He offered to give me a lift.

★

offer sb. sth = offer sth. to sb.

e.g.

他们决定让

John

来做这份工作。

They decided to offer Joe the job.

n.

出价、报价；主动提议、建议

e.g. He made an offer of 50,000 dollars for the house.

Thank you for your kind offer of help.

6.

worth

adj.

值

…

钱

★

be worth sth. / doing sth.

e.g. The museum is certainly worth a visit.

The idea is worth considering.

2

翻译句子：这段音乐值得一听。

Key:

The music is worth listening to.

7.

spread

n. / v.

（

spread, spread

）传播

e.g. Shut the door to delay the spread of fire.

The spread of urban areas endangers wildlife.

火从工厂蔓延到附近的房子。

The fire spread from the factory to the houses nearby.

8.

award

v.

授予

e.g. He was awarded the gold medal for being the fastest runner.

★

award sth.

to

sb. / award sb. sth

e.g.

裁判判决决赛双方得分相同。

The judge awarded equal points to both finalists.

他们将向写作竞赛的优胜者授予奖品。

They will award prizes to the winners in the writing competition.

n.

奖金；奖品

e.g. He was given the Best Housing Design Award.

★

win / receive / get an award for sth.

e.g.

他因在几部电影中所扮演的角色而获得许多奖项。

He won many awards for his roles in several movies.

9.

honour

v.

给予奖励；尊重

e.g. He has been honoured with a knighthood for his scientific work.

他因科研成果而被授予爵士头衔。

n.

尊重；荣幸

e.g. They stood in silence as a sign of honour to her.

★

It is a great honour to do sth.

非常荣幸做

…

e.g.

能参加闭幕仪式我感到很荣 幸。

It

’

s a great honour to attend the closing ceremony.

3

★

do sb. the honour of doing sth.

赏光做

…

e.g.

你能赏光和我一起吃饭吗？

Would you do me the honour of dining with me?

★

in honour of

…

纪念

…

.

翻译句子：

有机会在这所学校学习， 我们感到非常荣幸。

(honour)

Key: We are very much honoured to have a chance to study in this school.

10.

present

v.

颁发；授予

★

present sth.

to

sb. = present sb.

with

sth.

e.g.

当他退休之际，同事们赠送给他一套高尔夫球杆。

When he retired, hid colleagues presented him with a set of golfs.

adj.

现在的；出席的、在场的

e.g. You should apologize to people

present

for what you have done.

Mr Smith is the

present

owner of the villa.

…

down

使

…

失望

e.g.

为了不让父母失望，他学习非常努力。

In order not to let his parents down, he works very hard.

课堂练习：

A. Choose the right answer

1.

A _________ refers to prose work that is not invented but factual or historical.

A. fiction

B. legend

C. non-fiction

D. romance

2. Albert Einstein was one of the 20th century's greatest geniuses, whose _________ to

explain

the

workings

of

universe really __________ the development of such things as nuclear energy, space travel and so on..

A. force ... resulted in

B. talent ...

lay in

C. attempt ... led to

D. gift ... resulted from

3.

I am counting on you to support me. Don't __________.

A. let me off

B. take me down

C. let me down

D. pull me down

4.

The famous singer called for a member of the ________

to

join

him

on

the

platform

and

sing

together

with

him.

A. audience

B. automatic

C. attraction

D. auditorium

5. The audience burst out

________ as

soon

as

Bill

Gates

finished

his

speech

in

Fudan

University,

which

inspired them a lot.

A. tears

B. applauding

C. crying

D. Laughter

6.

Girl students are said to have a __________ for language learning. Which is WRONG?

4

A. genius

B. sense

C. talent

D. gift

7.

He used so many long and complicated sentences that I couldn't ____________of his article.

A. make the sense of

B. make senses

C. make sense

D. make a sense

8.

Mary's summer vacation in Germany led ________

a German.

A. to her marrying

B. for her to many

C. her to be married

D. to her being married

9.

The new restaurant nearby gained a __________ for bad food so few people wanted to eat there.

A. resources

B. population

C. customers

D. reputation

10.

A winner of a(n) __________ for the best film of the year may feel that he has been given a

for

intense effort.

A. award ... price

B. prize ... reward

C. reward ... prize

D. price ... reward

11. Tom

’

s Maths is better than __________ in the class.

A. anyone

’

s else

B. anyone else

A. How fun

B. What a fun

A. is offered

B. has offered

A. had been forgotten

C. was forgotten

A. to marry

B. marrying

C. anyone else

’

s

D. anyone

’

s else

’

s

C. What funny

D. What fun

C. are offered

D. have offered

B. has been left

D. had been left

C. married

D. marry

12. __________ it is to have a walk after dinner.

13. A library with five thousand books ______ to the nation as a gift.

14. He suddenly remembered that his English book __________ at home.

15. I can

’

t imagine __________ a girl of that sort.

Keys:

1. CCCAB

6. BCADB

B. After reading the passages below, fill in the

blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically

correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for

the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

One of my most surprising findings as a student is

1

parents do not always accept your adulthood. I

was always told that once you get to college, your parents realize that you have been living

2

your

own and can make your own decisions. This idea was rejected

3

I came home for Thanksgiving. At

first,

everything

was

going

as

4

(smoothly)

as

possible.

The

first

night

I

went

to

the

Berkeley

campus to visit my friend Sara, without any argument from my mother.

5

when I called her to say I had

decided to spend the night at Sara’s dorm, my mom informed me that she wanted me home at

one a.m. I was wild

with

anger!

I

6

(make)

my

own

decisions

how

late

a

young

man

should

stay

out

for

several

months.

However much I tried to reason with my mother, she insisted things are different when I am home, and that they

were the

7

paying my bills. And kids, this is true. No matter how much you want to fight it, mommy

and daddy are still holding the purse strings, whether you are 18 or not. Sometimes it is best to sit back, shut up,

and do

8

they ask.

KEYS:

ly

/whatever

5

been making

(B)

The US

government has

set

several

rules

and

guidelines

in

place

____9_____(protect)

us

from

eating

potentially

harmful

foods.

Several

dishes

_____10_____(consider)

real

delicacies

in

other

parts

of

the

world,

____11______haggis in Scotland or fugu (puffer fish) in Japan, are banned from the U.S. food market because of

potential health risks. But looking at the issue from a reversed angle, there are actually several common foods

eaten in America that are banned in other parts of the world.

The

shocking

truth

is

that

many

of

our

favorite

foods,

like

boxed

mac

and

cheese

and

yogurt,

include

ingredients____12______

other

countries

have

established

as

potentially

harmful

for

health,

and

therefore

are

banned. Clearly, mac and cheese on its own isn't poisonous in any way, but the yellow food colorings #5 and #6

have

been

shown

to

cause

hypersensitivity

(

过

敏

)

in

children,

and

are

therefore

banned

in

countries

including

Norway, Finland, and Australia. ___13_____yogurt and other milk products, it is the rBGH and rBST that some

countries

are

concerned

with

---

these growth

hormones ____14_______(ban)

in

several

regions

including

the European

Union, Canada,

and

Japan

___15_____

___________their

potentially

dangerous

impacts

on

the

health of both humans and cows.

Keys:9. To protect ered

banned

e of

课堂检测

A.

Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C

and D.

Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.

17.

What do you think bears, bats and frogs have ________ common?

A. on

B. with

C. for

D. in

18.

No human __________ hibernation, and yet many creatures experience it every year.

A. experienced

B. has experienced

C. had experienced

D. will experience

19.

Such animals as bears prefer to stay in their dens which __________ with leaves to make their stay warmer.

A. fill

B. had filled

C. are filled

D. had been filled

20.

As is announced in school rules, _________ mobiles phones is not allowed on campus.

A. being used

B. using

C. to be used

D. having used

21.

In bankers

’

view, students should be taught how __________ money.

A. investing

B. to have invested

C. invest

D. to invest

22.

His lecture explains _____

‘

Tran sformer

’

is one of the world

’

s most popular toys, ever.

A. that

B. why

C. how

D. what

23.

A high position brings many benefits, but it also means _______ much responsibility.

A. to have

B. having

C. to be having

D. having had

24.

He asked me _______ I was reading the story

The Old Man and the Sea

when he was in.

A. that whether

B. that if

C. whether

D. that

25.

It is believed that kids _______ a lot of money will possibly become materialistic.

A. to earn

B. having earned

C. earning

D. to be earning

26.

I read an article last night ______ completely changed my view about health.

A. at which

B. that

C. when

D. in which

27.

The police had been to the flats and questioned everyone in the neighborhood, _______ made me feel guilty.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. what

28.

The sports experts will help students understand ________ and health.

A. their playing

B. them to play

C. they playing

D. them to playing

29.

It

’

s believed that not everyone is happy to see kids ________ into consumers.

A. being turned

B. be turned

C. turning

D. turned

30.

The reason ______ gingko trees are known as

‘

longevity trees

’

is that they have been around for more than

6

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

1,000 years.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. why

________ winter in shelters, the spiders emerge healthy and hungry when spring comes.

A. To survive

B. Survive

C. Surviving

D. To be surviving

Creatures hibernate to survive the cold weather and the ________ of food.

A. absence

B. bulletproof

C. disorder

D. pulse

It is a collection of document _____________ the first world war.

A. with reference to

B. in addition to

C. in contrast to

D. in case of

The police force has doubled to ten officers to ______ the increase in auto

theft

(

偷窃

).

A. handle

B. ban

C. grumble

D. emerge

__________ materials do not occur naturally and are created by human beings, using science or technology.

A. Typical

B. Inferior

C. Accidental

D. Artificial

Macdonald was criticized severely, for he took some money _____ to complete the task.

A. continuously

B. temporarily

C. illegally

D. originally

Keys :

17. D

22. B

27. C

32. A

18. B

23. B

28. A

33. A

19. C

24. C

29. D

34. A

20. B

25. C

30. D

35. D

21. D

26. B

31. C

36. C

B. Read and choose the best answer.

(A)

A is for always getting to work on time.

B is for being extremely busy.

C is for the conscientious(

勤恳的

) way you do your job.

You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes

to getting a-head, experts say, the

ABCs of business should include a P for politics, as in office politics.

As Dale Carnegie suggested much

more than 50

years

ago: Hard work alone doesn't

make career advance.

You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious

rewards of being good at office politics

—

a better job, a raise, praise

—

many people are still unable or unwilling to

'play the game'.

'Some people feel that office politics means some manipulative(

会摆布人的

) behavior/ says Deborah Comer,

an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. 'But politics comes from the word

being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your boss, and then expecting something in return.'

In

fact,

today,

experts

define

office

politics

as

proper

behavior

used

to

gain

one's

own

interest

in

the

workplace. In many cases, this includes some form of socializing within the office environment

—

not just in large

companies, but in small workplaces as well.

'The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,' says Neil P.

Lewis, a management psychologist. 'But if two or three people are up for a promotion, each of whom has similar

ability, a manager is going to promote the

person he or she likes best. It's simple human nature.'

Yet, psychologists say,

many employees and employers have trouble with the politics in the office. Some

people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others mistake politics for

7