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中考英语形容词及副词讲解
形容词、副词综合讲解
1
、形容词的用法
< br>（
1
）形容词在句中作定语，
表语，
宾语补足语。
例如
Our country is a
beautiful country.
（作定语）
The fish
went bad.
（作表语）
We keep our classroom clean and tidy.
（作宾语补足语）
（
2
）
形容词修饰
something
，
anything
，
nothing
，
everything
等不定代
词时，形容词放在不
定代词后面。
I
have something important to tell you. Is there
anything interesting in the film.
（
3
）
the+
形容词表示一类人或物
The rich should help the
poor.
2
、副词的用法
副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：
1
）时间副词：时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时
间副词有：
now
today
，
tomorrow
，
yesterday
，
before
，
late
，
early
，
never
，
seldom
，
sometimes
，
often
，
usually
，
always
等。
例如：
He often comes to school late. What are we going
to do tomorrow
Beijing.
？
He is never been
to
2
）地点副词：地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：
here
，
there
，
inside
，
outside
，
home
，
upstairs
，
downstairs
，
anywhere
，
everywhere
，
nowhere
，
somewhere
，
down
，
up
，
off
，
on
，
in
，
out
等。
例如：
I met an old
friend of mine on my way home. He went upstairs.
Put down your name
here.
3
）方式副词：方式副词一般都是回答
“怎样的？
”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容
词加词尾
-ly
构成的，有少数方式副词不带词尾
-ly
，它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词
有：
anxiously
，
badly
，
bravely
，
calmly
，
carefully
，
proudly
，
rapidly
，
suddenly
，
success
fully
，
angrily
，
happily
，
slowly
，
warmly
，
well
，
fast
，
slow
，
quick
，
hard
，
alone
，
high
，
straight
，
wide
等。
例如：
The old man walked home slowly. Please listen to
the teacher carefully. The birds are
flying high.
4
）程度副词：程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常
见的程度副词有：
much
，
（
a
）
little
，
a bit
，
very
，
so
，
too
，
enough
，
quite
，
rather
，
pretty
，
greatly
，
completely
，
nearly
，
almost
，
deeply
，
hardly
，
partly
等。例如：
Her pronunciation is
very
good. She sings quite
well.
I can hardly agree
with you.
5
）疑问副词
：是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：
how
，
when
，
where
，
why
等。例如：
How are you
getting along with your
studies
？
Where were you
yesterday
？
Why did you
do
that
？
3
、副词在句中的位置
1
）多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。
例：
works very
hard.
She speaks English
well.
2
）频度副词作状语时，
通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和
例如：
He usually gets up
early. I
be
动词之后。
Mr
Smith
’
ve never heard him singing.
She is seldom ill.
但
enough
作副词用时，通常放在被
’
t work hard
enough.
3
）程度副词一般放
在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面，
修饰词的后面。例如：
It is
a rather difficult job. He runs very fast. He
didn
4
）副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如：
On my way home
，
I met my uncle.
The students
there have a lot time to do their own research
work.
4
、部分常用副词的用法
1
）
very
，
much
：
这两个副词都可表示
“很
”，但用法不同。
Very
用来修饰形容词和副词的
原级，而
much
用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：
much better now. Much
可以修饰动词，而
very
则不能。
例如：
I don
’
t like the idea much. They
did not talk much.
2
）
too
，
either
：
这两个副词都表示
She is a very nice
girl
I
’
mfeeling
“也”，但
too
用于肯定句，
either
用于否定句。
’
t read the book and my
brother hasn
’
t
例如：
She can
dance
，
and I can dance
，
too. I haven
either.
3
）
already
，
yet
：
already
一般用于语肯定句，
yet
一般用于否定句。例如：
He has
already left. Have you heard from him
yet
？
He hasn
’
t answered yet.
4
）
so
，
neither
：
so
和
neither
都可用于倒装句，
但
so
表示肯定，
neither
表示否定。
例
’
t
like dancing and neitherI. do
如：
My brother likes football and so do I. My brother
doesn
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
一、形容词的比较等级和最高等级：
（一）形容词的比较级和最高级的构成
规则变化：
1
．单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成
情况
一般情况
构成方式
加
-er
或
-est
原级
new
long
fine
late
early
happy
-er
hot
thin
fat
比较级
newer
longer
finer
later
earlier
happier
hotter
thinner
fatter
最高级
newest
longest
finest
latest
earliest
happiest
hottest
thinnest
fattest
以
e
结尾的词
加
-r
或
-st
以
“辅音
+y
”结尾的词
变
y
为
i
再加
-er
或
-est
重读闭音节的词末尾只有
一个辅音字母
先双写辅音字母，再加
或
-est
2
．
多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加
原级
useful
difficult
delicious
【重点】
more
或
most
。如：
最高级
most
useful
most
difficult
比较级
more useful
more
difficult
more
delicious
most
delicious
3
．有几
个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化：
原级
good /
well
bad / ill
many / much
little
old
比较级
better
worse
more
less
older
（新旧或年龄）
弟姐妹的长幼关系）
最高级
best
worst
most
least
/elder
（兄
oldest/
eldest
far
farther
（
表
示
距
离
，
译
为
“更
farthest/
furthest
远
”）
/ further
（表示程度，译为
“进一步的
”）
（二）
形容词比较级的用法
1
．形容词的比较级可以单独使用：
Be more careful
next time.
下次小心点。
Which book is better?
哪本书更好？
2
．也可以和
than
连用，表示两者相比，
than
后可以跟：
a.
名词或代词：
He is older than me / I .
他年龄比我大。
b.
动名词：
Skiing is more exciting
than skating.
滑雪比滑冰更刺激。
c.
从句：
I was a better singer than he was.
我唱歌比他好。
（三）
形容词比较级的修饰语
修饰形容词
,
副词比较级的常用修饰词有
:no, a little, a bit, much, even,
still, a lot, a great deal,
far, by far, rather, any
等
.
1)
只用于修饰比较级的：
much; still; even
a little; a bit; rather
等
。
2)
既可以修饰比较级又可以修饰原级的：
3)
在这些词中
,
其中
no
在修饰比较级时
,
在意义上否定两者
,
表示前者在某方面不比后者强多
少
.
He
is no richer than Peter.
他不比彼得富裕多少
.=He is
as poor as Peter.
他和彼得一样穷
.
表示前者比后者强一点时
,
通常采用
a little, a bit
等
.
.
The room is a
bit larger than that one.
这个房间比那个稍大一点
4)
表示前者比后者强很多时
,
通常采用
much, even, still
等
.(still
修饰形容词
,
副词的比较级时
,
可以位于
比
之前或之后
.)
.
He works still harder than ever. =He
works harder still than ever.
他比以往更加努力学
了
5)
表示前者在某方面
地超
方
Matters are a lot better
than ever before.
,
通常采用
far, by far, a lot, a great
deal
等
.
情况
比以往好
.
6)
在否定句
,
疑
句或条件状
从句中
,
修
形容
,
副
的比
.
?
,
只能用
any
来修
.
He can't jump any higher.
他不能跳得更高了
Can he jump any higher?
他能跳得更高一些
Do you feel any
better today?
你今天感
好一点了
？
If you can jump any higher, I will give
you a prize.
如果你能跳得更高些
,
我就
励你
.
7)
比
前
可加其他表示数量的
：
My
sister is ten years younger than me.
我妹妹比我小十
。
点】
（四）形容
比
的特殊用法
1
．和
more
有关的
1) the more
：
?
the more
越???就越
??。例如：
The harder
you work
，
the greater
progress you'll make.
越努力，
步越大。
2) no more
than
与
?一
。例如：
The
officials could see no more than the
Emperor.
官
看到的和皇帝一
多。
3
）
more
than
超
，不只是。例如：
There
are more than two thousand people in the
hall.
2
．和
less
有关的
1)
less than
不到
?
不太：
It was ready in less than a
week.
2) no less than
多达
不少于
No less than 2 million people came.
至少来了
2
百万人。
3) more or less
基本上
大体上
大
The work is
more or less finished.
工作基本上完成了。
3
．
有
as +
形容
或副
原
+ as
1)
A be as...as
B
和
...
一
2)
A be
not
?
so/as
。
?
A
和
as
B
不一
，
A
比不上
B
He
cannot run so/as fast as
you.
他没你跑得快。
3)
当
as
?
as
中
有名
采用以下格式：
①
as +
形容
+ a
+
数名
/
；
This is as good an example as the other
is.
个例子和另外一个一
好。
②
as + many /much
+
可数名
/
不可数名
。
I can carry as much paper
as you can.
你能搬多少
，我也能。
3)
表示倍数的
或其他程度副
做修
，放在
as
的前面。例如：
This room is three times as
big as that one.
=This room
is three times the size of that one.
=This room is two times bigger than
that one.
这房间的面积是那间的三倍。
Your room is the same size as
mine.
你的房间和我的一样大。
（五）
形容词最高级用法
1
．
the +
最高级
+
比较范围
1
）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词
the
，例如：
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the
world.
撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
[
说明
]
形容词
most
前面没有
the
，不表示最高级的含义，只表示
It
is a most important problem. =It is a very
important problem.
◎
注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
非常
。例如：
这是个很重要的问题。
（错）
Tom is the tallest of his three
brothers.
Tom is the tallest
of the three brothers.
（对）
2
）
下列词可修饰最高级，
by far, far,
much, mostly, almost
。例如：
This hat is nearly / almost the
biggest.
这帽子差不多是最大的了。
◎
注意：序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如：
Africa is
the second largest continent.
非洲是第二大洲。
3
）
最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如：
Mike is the most intelligent in his
class.
或者：
=Mike
is more intelligent than any other students in his
class.
（六）形容词最高级的特殊用法
1.
形容词最高级可用作表语，这时定冠词
the
可以省略。
例句：
I think her plan is
best.
我认为她的计划最好。
2.
形容词最高级还可和
at
构成许多短语作状语，如
at best, at least, at most
等。
例句：
I
’
ll be with you at latest
by ten.
我最迟十点钟就来陪你。
二、副词的比较等级和最高等级：
（一）概念：副词和形容词一样，也有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。其构成方式有规
则
变化和不规则变化两种情况。规则变化的一般规律是：单音节词的比较级和最高级在词
尾加
-er
或
-est;
多音节词以及
-ly
结尾的副词（
early
除外），前面加
more
或
most.
。不规则的变
化式只能采用
“各个击破
”的办法去记忆。
1
）规则变化
原级
soon
loud
fast
wide
early
happily
carefully
比较级
sooner
louder
faster
wider
earlier
more
happily
more
carefully
最高级
soonest
loudest
fastest
widest
earliest
most
happily
most
carefully
2
）不
化
原
well
badly
little
much
far
比
better
worse
less
more
farther
（距离）
further
（程度）
最高
best
worst
least
most
farthest
furthest
（二）副
的比
的用法
1
、
独使用：
Try to do better next time.
下次争取干好一点。
He
’
ll come back
sooner or later.
他
早会回来的。
Please speak more slowly.
慢一点。
2
、和
than
一起使用：
He swims better than I do.
他游泳游得比我好。
Can you do any
better than that?
你能不能干的好一些？
He
arrived earlier than usual.
他到的比平
早。
3
、比
前可有状
修
：
You
must work much faster.
你必
大大加快干活的速度。
Can you come over a bit more
quickly?
你能稍稍快点来
？
4.
as
?和
as not so
?
as
构
两个
构也可
合副
使用：
1
）
as
?
as
可用在肯定句中，表示
“像
?一
”，后面的副
要用原
：
She can run as fast as a
deer.
她能跑的像鹿一
快。
2
）在否定句中，
as
?
as
和
so
?
as
都可以用：
I
don
’
t go there
as much as I used
我
.
在到那里不象
去那么多了。
I
didn
’
t do
as(so) well as I should
我做
.
的不如我
做的那么好。
3
）
种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状
：
She can read twice as fast as he does.
她
的速度比他快一倍。
（三）副
最高
的用法：副
最高
可修
，前面多数不
定冠
He
laughs best who laughs last. (
the:
)
笑在最后
笑的最好。
Of the four
of us, I sang (the) worst.
我
四人中我唱的最差。
（四）副
比
和最高
的一些特殊用法：副
比
和最高
可用在一些特
构
或短
中。
1
）
more and more
越来越
?
:
It rained more and more
heavily.
雨下得越来越大了。
She went farther and farther
away.
她越走越
了。
2
）
the
more
?
the more
越?，越
?：
The more I
work, the more I accomplish.
我干得越多，完成的就越多。
3
）
had better
(not) do sth
最好
(
不要
)
做某事：
We
’
d better not
disturb him.
我
最好不要打
他。
What had we
better do?
我
最好怎么
？
一
students are having a good
time
climbing the
hill.
in the park. Some are
drawing by the lake. _____are
B. Other
C.
Another other
isn't _____
in today's newspaper.
3.---Whose watch is this, Mary? Is it
your sister's?
---No,Mum.
It's not ______. It's ______.
, my B. her, my
A. important something
B. important anything C. anything
important D. nothing important
C. Mine,
hers
, mine
4..The Changjiang River is the third __
river in the world.
t
longest
5. An elephant is
_____ than a horse.
strong B. much
stronger C. the most strong D. much more
strong
6. Which do you like
_____, tea, orange or water?
二
C. better D.
best
一
、
正确的答案
does Jimmy
like _______, Chinese or art?
A. well
B. best
C. better D. much
2. The Changjiang River is one of
______ in the world.
A. the
longest river
B. The
more
C. the longest
rivers
D. longer
river
3. ______
one of the two women is Mrs Brown.
A. The beautiful
B. The more beautiful
C. More beautiful
D. The most beautiful
4.
My mooncake is
nicer _______ his.
A. like B. with C. for D.
than
5.
You are
fatter than _______.
A. himself B. his
C. him D. he is tall
6. He
jumps _______ of the three.
A. far
B. further
C. farthest D. furthest
7. My hair is longer than
_______.
A. my sister B.
Kate C. my brother
’’s
8.
There is ______ paper here. Please
bring some.
A. less B. few C. fewer D.
a little
9. The pen is ______ than
that one.
A. more cheap B.
cheap
C. much cheaper D. quite
cheaper
10.
Tom speaks Chinese _______ better than
Jimmy.
A. more B. very
C. a lot of D. much
11.
There are _______ girls in Class 2 than
in Class 4.
A. more B. nicest C. most
D. best
12.
It
’
s too ______ for you to do
that.
13.
Who has
______ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy?
A.
much B.
biggest C. better D. the most
14.
You have more
rulers than me. But ______ are nicer than _______.
A.
mine, yours B.
mine, your C. my, yours D. my, your
15.
Tingting is
______ than Meimei
，
but
Meimei is ______ than Tingting.
A.
tall, stronger
B. taller, strongest
C. tallest, strong
D. taller, stronger
16. Mother is _______ in my
family.
A. busy B. busier C.
the busiest D. more busy
17.
There are _______ in the park on
Sundays.
A. lot of
children
B. a lot of people
C. much men and women
D.
many peoples
18. The
dumplings are _______ than the noodles, I
think.
A. more nicer
B. much delicious
C. very
nice
D. much more delicious
19.
She is
_______ than me at drawing.
A. better B. best C. good D. harder
20.
This blue
sweater is too big for me. Will you please show me
a ______ one?
A. small B. smaller C.
the smallest D. smallest
二．用所给词的适当形式填空
1.
Your classroom
is _______ (wide) and _______ (bright) than ours.
2.
There are
_______ hours of sunlight a day in winter than in
summer. (few)
3.
Which do you like _______, maths or
chemistry?(well)
4.
This is the ______ film I have ever
seen. (good)
5.
Africa is the second _______ continent.
(large)
6.
What
he said made his mother much ______. (angry)
7.
I
’
m not as _______ as he.
(careful)
8.
We
’
ve got as _______ books as
we need.(many)
9.
They have done ___ (much) work with
____ (little) money.
10.
Practice as ______ as you can. (much)
11. You
’
re the
______ person I
’
ve ever seen. (kind)
12.
He is _____ than his two sisters.
(young)
13.
The
_____ (old) I get, the ______ (strong) I seem to
feel.
14.
The
weather is getting ____ (warm) and ______ (warm).
15.
You are far
______ than you were. (polite)
16.
The patient
is no ______ than people. (well)
17.
Summer is
______ season of the year. (hot)
18.
I can do it
well with even ______ money. (little)
三．中考真题测试
1.
The air in
Beijing is getting much ______ now than a few
years ago.
A.
clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest
2.
My cousin has
changed a lot. She used to be ______ but now she
is tall.
A. short B. thin C. pretty
3.
Mobile phones
are very popular now and they are ______ than
before.
B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the
cheapest
4.
—
We spent all our money
because we stayed at the most expensive hotel in
town.
—
Why didn
’
t you stay at _____
one?
A.
a
cheap B. a cheaper C. the cheap D. the
cheaper 5.
—
Do
you like western food?
—
No.
The food of our country is ______ that of western
countries.
A. rather good than B. much
better than C. more better than D. not so good as
6.
This is _____ that all of us believe it
’
s very
important.
A. such useful
information
B. so useful an
information
C. so useful
information
D. such a useful
information
7.
—
Mum, could I have an
MP3
—
Certainly,
we can buy _____ one, but as good as this.
A. a cheap B. a cheapest C. a cheaper
D. the cheapest
8. The harder we work,
the ______ result we will get.
A. faster B. fewer C. better D. the
cheapest
9. We should keep
our eyes ______ while doing eye exercises.
A. close B. closed C. open D.
opened
10. Look at the man in the
right picture. He is ______.
A. left
hand B. left-handed C. no hand D. a hand 11.
—
Tom is good at drawing. How about Mike?
—
Mike is ______, I think.
He has got more prizes than Tom.
A.
well B. OK C.
good D. better
12.
—
Have you bought that
digital camera?
—
No, I can
’
t afford it.
The price is a bit _____.
A.
low B. high
C. cheap D. expensive
13.
Now more and more Chinese people are
______ enough to buy cars.
B. weak C.
poor D. strong
14.
Kate is really ______. She
B. friendly C. lucky D. clever
15.
—
Which is
______ river in China?
—
The Changjiang
River.
A. longer B. the
longest C. longest
副词练习题
ngry
’
swithneverother
sa.
D. the longer
一、
1
He speaks English___his aunt.
A. as good as B. as well as C. as
better as D. as best as
2.
Which do you
like_____, skating, swimming or fishing?
A.
more B. most C. Better D. best
3
Who sings___,
Rose or Kate? A.
well B. Good C. better
D. best
4
She
writes____than I.
A. more
careful
B. much
careful
C. much more
carefully D. much carefully
5
The night was
very ______, so he had to take off his
shoes____.
A. quiet;
quietly
B. quite;
quickly
C. late; quick D.
quite; quietly
6
How ___ the girls are
playing!
二、
A. happy
B. happier
C.
happyly D. happily
1
___ he drops in
___ his friends after supper.
A. Some times;
for
B. Sometimes; on C.
Often; for
D. Seldom;
on
2
In Britain tea ___ with milk or sugar
in it.
A. usually
drinks
3
He____ to school to clean his
classroom.
B. is
usually drunk C. usually is drunk
D. drank usually
A.
always comes early
B. comes
always early
C. always early
comes
D. come always
earlier
三、
1
Better___than
never.
A. late
B. the later C. Later
D.
the late
2
We have been to the China Folk Culture
Villages ____.
A.
Lately
B. Late
C. Latest
D.
last
3
I got up____today.
四、
A.
Later
B. more
lately
C. Lately
D. late
( )
1 Today Tom goes to school earlier
than___.
A. as usual B.
usual
C.
usually
D. ago
( ) 2 Today we do our homework at home
___.
A. than usual B.
often
C. usually
D. as usual
( ) 3
Alice___goes to school at seven.
A. usual
B.
Usually
C. Hard
五、
D. a little
( ) 1 It was___ bad weather
that we all had to stay inside.
A. very
B.
so
C. rather
D. such
( ) 2 He is___ kind an old man that all
the children like him.
A. very
B.
so
C. Rather D.
such
( ) 3 He, our headmaster was___ pleased
with our work.
A. fairly
B. even
C. hard D.
great
( ) 4 There was a
heavy snow last night. This morning is____
outside.
A. too rather
cold
六、
B.
rather too cold C. such cold
D.
fairly cold
( ) 1 We won't
go to the cinema next Saturday. They
won't____.
A. too
B. also
C.
Neither
A. so I do B. I do
so
D. either
( ) 2 She likes
reading and___.
C. I like so
D. so do I
( ) 3 -I won't go
to the Great Wall tomorrow.
-I won't, ___.
A.
neither B. either
C.
too
D. also
A. Too
B. Either
C. neither D. also
( ) 4 He
likes to do some reading in the morning, I like
it, ___.
( ) 5 He didn't
know her address, ____ did I.
A. too
B.
Also
C. either
七、
D.
neither
( ) 1 I have never
seen ___ big pears.
A.
such
B. very
C. So
A. so B.
such C. very
D.
rather
D. too
( ) 2 He is ___ tired that he can't go
any farther.
( ) 3 That
maths problem is ___ difficult ___ nobody can work
it out.
A. too; to
B. very; that
C. so; that
D. very; but
( )
4 He is ___ teacher that all of us like
him.
A. such good a B. a so
good C. so good a D. a such good
( ) 5 Jack doesn't work ____
Tom.
A. as so good B. so
good as C. so hard as D. so harder as
八、
( ) 1 I did my
homework hours _____.
A.
before B. later C. ago D. late
( ) 2 I saw the film two days
___.
A. ago
B.
before
C. after
D. late
( )3 I
seem to have met you___.
A.
before B. ago C. yet
九、
( )1 He got
back____at four.
A. to home
B. at home C. his home D. home
( ) 2 Come_ quickly. I have something
interesting to tell you.
A.
to here B. up to here C. here D. into
here
( ) 3 These two young
men stood ___ watching the train moving
away.
D. some
time
A. by there B. from
there C. There D. to there
十