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金融相关词汇的英语翻译
金融相关词汇的英语翻译金融相关词汇的英语翻译ａ
安全网
safety net
按可比口径
on comparable basis
按轻重缓急
to
prioritize
暗补
implicit subsidy
暗亏
hidden loss
ｂ
颁发营业执照
to
license; to grant a licence to
办理存款业务
to take
deposits
保护农民的生产积极性
to
protect
farmers
incentive
to
produce
备付金（超额准备金）
excess
reserves
本
外
币
并
账
consolidation
of
domestic
and
foreign
currency accounts
本外币对冲操作
sterilization operation
本位利益
localized
interest; departmentalism
奔小康
to strive to
prosper;to strive to become well-to-do
避税（请见
逃税
）
tax avoidance
币种搭配不当
currency
mismatch
1
币种构成
currency
composition
变相社会集资
disguised irregular (or illegal) fund
raising
表外科目（业务）
off-balance-sheet items (operation)
薄弱环节
weaknesses;
loopholes
不变成本
fixed cost
不变价
at constant price; in real terms
不动产
real estate
不良贷款（资产）
problem
loans;
non-performing
loans
(assets)
ｃ
财务公司
finance companies
财政赤字
fiscal
deficit
财
政
挤
银
行
fiscal
pressure
on
the
central
bank
(over
monetary policy)
财
政
政
策
与
货
币
政
策
的
配
合
coordination
of
fiscal
and
monetary policies
采取循序渐进的方法
in a
phased and sequenced manner
操作弹性
operational
flexibility
操纵汇率
to manipulate exchange rate
产品构成
product
composition; product mix
产品积压
stock pile;
excessive inventory
产销率
current period inventory;
(
即期库存，不含前期库存
)
2
sales/outputratio
产销衔接
marketability
产业政策
industrial
policy
长期国债
treasury bonds
敞口头寸
open
position
炒股
to
speculate in the stock market
承购包销
underwrite
(securities)
成套机电产品
complete sets of equipment; complete
plant
(s)
城市信用社
urban credit cooperatives (uccs)
城市合作银行
urban
cooperative
banks;
municipal
united
banks
城市商业银行
municipal commercial banks
城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅
real
growth
in
household
income
持续升温
persistent
overheating
重复布点
duplicate projects
重置成本
replacement
cost
重组计划
restructuring plan
筹资渠道
funding
sources; financing channels
初见成效
initial
success
出口统一管理、归口经营
canalization of exports
3
出口退税
export tax rebate
储蓄存款
household
deposits (
不完全等同于西方的
savings
deposits,
前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。
)
储蓄分流
diversion of
household deposits
储源萎缩
decline in the availability of
household savings
传导机制
transmission mechanism
从价税
ad valorem
tax
从紧控制
tight
control
存贷款比例
loan/deposit ratio
存款保险体系
deposit
insurance system
存款货币银行
deposit money banks
存款准备金
required
reserves
ｄ
打白条
issue iou
大额存单
certificate of deposit (cd)
大额提现
withdraw
deposits in large amounts
大面积滑坡
wide-spread
decline
大一统的银行体制
(all-in-one) mono-bank system
呆账（请见
坏账
< br>）
bad loans
呆账准备金
loan loss
reserves (provisions)
呆滞贷款
idle loans
4
贷款沉淀
non-
performing loans
贷款分类
loan classification
贷款限额管理
credit
control; to impose credit ceiling
贷款约束机制
credit
disciplinary (constraint) mechanism
代理国库
to act as
fiscal agent
代
理
金<
/p>
融
机
构
贷
款
make
loans
on
behalf
of
other
institutions
戴帽贷款
ear-marked loans
倒逼机制
reversed
transmission of the pressure for easing
monetary condition
道德风险
moral hazard
地区差别
regional
disparity
第一产业
the primary industry
第二产业
the
secondary industry
第三产业
the service
industry; the tertiary industry
递延资产
deferrable
assets
订货不足
insufficient orders
定期存款
time
deposits
定向募集
raising funds from targeted sources
东道国（请见
母国
<
/p>
）
host country
独立核算
independent
accounting
短期国债
treasury bills
5
对冲操作
sterilization operation; hedging
对非金融部门债权
claims
on non-financial sector
多种所有制形式
diversified ownership
ｅ
恶性通货膨胀
hyperinflation
二级市场
secondary
market
ｆ
发行货币
to issue
currency
发行总股本
total stock issue
法定准备金
required
reserves; reserve requirement
法人股
institutional
shares
法人股东
institutional shareholders
法治
rule of law
房地产投资
real estate
investment
放松银根
to ease monetary policy
非现场稽核
off-site
surveillance (or monitoring)
非银行金融机构
non-bank
financial institutions
非赢利性机构
non-profit
organizations
分
税
制
assignment
of
central
and
local
taxes;
tax
assignment system
分
业
经
营
segregation
of
financial
business
(services);
division
of
business
scope
based
on
the
type
of
financial
6
institutions
风险暴露（风险敞口）
risk
exposure
风险管理
risk management
风险意识
risk
awarenes
风险资本比例
risk-weighted capital ratios
风险资本标准
risk-based
capital standard
服务事业收入
public service charges; user s charges
扶贫
poverty
alleviation
负增长
negative growth
复式预算制
double-
entry
budgeting;
capital
and
current
budgetary account
ｇ
改革试点
reform experimentation
杠杆率
leverage
ratio
杠杆收购
leveraged buyout
高息集资
to raise
funds by offering high interest
个人股
non-
institutional shares
根本扭转
fundamental turnaround (or reversal)
公开市场操作
open
market operations
公款私存
deposit public funds in personal
accounts
公用事业
public utilities
公有经济
the state-
owned sector; the public sector
7
公有制
public ownership
工业成本利润率
profit-
to-cost ratio
工业增加值
industrial value added
供大于求
supply
exceeding demand; excessive supply
鼓励措施
incentives
股份合作企业
joint-
equity cooperative enterprises
股份制企业
joint-
equity enterprises
股份制银行
joint-equity banks
固定资产贷款
fixed
asset loans
关税减免
tariff reduction and exemption
关税减让
tariff
concessions
关税优惠
tariff incentives; preferential tariff
treatment
规范行为
to
regularize (or standardize)...behavior
规模效益
economies of
scale
国计民生
national interest and people s
livelihood
国
家
对
个
人
其
他
支
出
other
government
outlays
to
individuals
国家风险
country risk
国际分工
international division of labor
国际收支
balance of
payments
国有独资商业银行
wholly state-owned commercial banks
国有经济（部门）
the
state-owned (or public) sector
8
国有企业
state-owned enterprises (soes)
国有制
state-
ownership
国有资产流失
erosion of state assets
国债回购
government
securities repurchase
国
债
一
级
自
营
商
primary
underwriters
of
government
securities
过度竞争
excessive
competition
过度膨胀
excessive expansion
过热迹象
signs of
overheating
ｈ
合理预期
rational
expectation
核心资本
core capital
合资企业
joint-venture enterprises
红利
dividend
宏观经济运营良好
sound
macroeconomic performance
宏观经济基本状况
macroeconomic fundamentals
宏观调控
macroeconomic management (or
adjustment)
宏观调控目标
macroeconomic objectives (or targets)
坏账
bad debt
还本付息
debt service
换汇成本
unit
export
cost;local
currency
cost
of
export
earnings
9
汇兑在途
funds in float
汇
兑
支
出
advance
payment
of
remittance
by
the
beneficiary s bank
汇率并轨
unification
of exchange rates
活期存款
demand deposits
汇率失调
exchange
rate misalignment
混合所有制
diversified (mixed) ownership
货币政策态势
monetary
policy stance
货款拖欠
overdue obligations to suppliers
ｊ
基本建设投资
investment
in infrastructure
基本经济要素
economic fundamentals
基本适度
broadly
appropriate
基准利率
benchmark interest rate
机关团体存款
deposits
of non-profit institutions
机会成本
opportunity
cost
激励机制
incentive mechanism
积压严重
heavy
stockpile; excessive inventory
挤提存款
run on banks
挤
占
挪
用
unwarranted
diversion
of
(financial)
resources(from
designated uses)
技改投资
investment in technological upgrading
10
技术密集型产品
technology-intensive product
计
划
单
列
市
municipalities
with
independent
planning
status
计划经济
planned
economy
集体经济
the
collective sector
加大结构调整力度
to intensify structural adjustment
加工贸易
processing
trade
加快态势
accelerating trend
加强税收征管稽查
to
enhance tax administration
加权价
weighted
average price
价格放开
price liberalization
价格形成机制
pricing
mechanism
减亏
to
reduce losses
简
化
手
续
to
cut
red
tape;
to
simplify
(streamline)
procedures
交投活跃
brisk
trading
缴存准备金
to
deposit required reserves
结构扭曲
structural
distortion
结构失调
structural imbalance
结构性矛盾突出
acute
structural imbalance
结构优化
structural improvement (optimization)
结汇、售汇
sale and
purchase of foreign exchange
11
金融脆弱
financial fragility
金融动荡
financial
turbulence
金融风波
financial disturbance
金融恐慌
financial
panic
金融危机
financial crisis
金融压抑
financial
repression
金融衍生物
financial derivatives
金融诈骗
financial
fraud
紧缩银根
to
tighten monetary policy
紧缩政策
austerity policies; tight financial
policies
经常账户可兑换
current account convertibility
经济特区
special
economic zones (sezs)
经济体制改革
economic reform
经
济
增
长
方
式<
/p>
的
转
变
change
in
the
main
source
of
economic
growth
(from
investment
expansion
to
efficiency
gains)
经
济
增
长
减
速
economic
slowdown;moderation
in
economic growth
经济制裁
economic
sanction
经营自主权
autonomy in management
景气回升
recovery in
business activity
境外投资
overseas investment
12
竞争加剧
intensifying competition
局部性金融风波
localized
(isolated) financial disturbance
ｋ
开办人民币业务
to engage
in rmb business
可维持（可持续）经济增长
sustainable economic growth
可变成本
variable
cost
可自由兑换货币
freely convertible currency
控制现金投放
control
currency issuance
扣除物价因素
in real terms; on inflation-adjusted
basis
库存产品
inventory
跨国银行业务
cross-border banking
跨年度采购
cross-year
procurement
会计准则
accounting standard
ｌ
来料加工
processing of imported materials for
export
离岸银行业务
off-shore banking (business)
理顺外贸体制
to
rationalize foreign trade regime
利率杠杆的调节作用
the
role
of
interest
rates
in
resource
allocation
利润驱动
profit-driven
利息回收率
interest
collection ratio
联行清算
inter-bank settlement
13
连锁企业
franchise (businesses); chain
businesses
良性循环
virtuous cycle
两极分化
growing
income disparity;polarization in income
distribution
零售物价指数
retail
price index (rpi)
流动性比例
liquidity ratio
流动资产周转率／流通速度
velocity of liquid assets
流动资金贷款
working
capital loans
流通体制
distribution system
流通网络
distribution
network
留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物）
hire purchase
垄断行业
monopolized
industry (sector)
乱集资
irregular (illegal) fund raising
乱收费
irregular
(illegal) charges
乱摊派
unjustified (arbitrary) levies
ｍ
买方市场
buyer s market
卖方市场
seller s
market
卖出回购证券
matched sale of repo
贸易差额
trade
balance
民间信用
non-
institutionalized credit
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