高考英语语法非谓语动词(1)

the first

，

the second

，

the last

，

the only

等。如：

He had a good way to make his lessons lively and interesting.

Who was the first one to get to the top of the hill yesterday?

②

不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。如：

There is no one to look after her.

③

不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。如：

I have a lot of work to do.

如果不定式是不及物动词，后面应有必要的介词。如：

He is looking for a room to live in.

但如果及物动词后已有了自己的宾语，其后还应加适当的介词。

Here is a box to put things in.

注意：如果不定式的逻辑主语和逻辑宾语都出现在不定式前面 ，不定式则用主动形式；

若在句中找不到不定式的逻辑主语，则用不定式的被动形式。注 意这两句话的区别：

I have a letter to write.

我有封信要写。

(< /p>

我写信

)

I'm

going

to

Beijing

next

week.

Do

you

have

anything

to

be

taken

to

your

friends

？

……

你有什么要

(

我

)

带给你的朋友们吗？

被我带而不是你带

)

(4)

不定式作状语的用法。

不定式作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示目的、结果、原因。< /p>

only to do

表示出人意料的

结果。如：

We hurried to the classroom only to find none there.

in order (not) to

，

so as (not) to

用来引导目的状语，

但

so as to

不能用于句首。

so…as

to do, such

＋

名词

…as to do

引导结果状语。如：

The girl was so kind as to help the old man off the bus.

I'm not such a fool as to believe that.

不定式还可以作修饰表语形容词或补语形容词的状语。如：

He is hard to please / to get along with.

Do you think him easy to work with?

注意：此时不定式用主动，而 不需用被动。而且不及物动词后的介词不能遗漏。

(5)

不定式的完成式的特殊用法。

①

表示不定式中动词发生的动作先于 主句的谓语动词发出的动作。如：

The novel was said to have been published.

I regret to have been with you for so many years.

seem

，

appear

，

be said

，

be supposed

，

be believed

，

be thought

，

be known

，

be

reported

等常用于上面句型。

此外，

glad

，

happy

，

satisfie d

，

sorry

，

surprised

，

disappointed