渗透探伤全英文版文档

UHI BEng

Control and Instrumentation

Coursework 1-Instrumentation Investigation

Tutors: Adam Smith

TITLE:

Penetrant testing

NAME:

Feipeng Yang

SHORT NAME:

Froggen

CALSS CODE:

Mechanical 1201 class

REGISTRATION NUMBER:

UH609809

DATE:

06/11/2014

‘I certify that this is all my own work

and I have done my best!

’

Introduction

Y IN CHINA

In the 1950s,

Some large state-owned enterprises to set up NDT

department

，

magnetic particle texting and penetrant testing of China

got started. In the 1960s, China developed the large ac magnetic particle

inspection machine by imitation. In 1987, China association of

nondestructive testing wad found include Magnetic powder, penetrant

testing professional committee, and held a national technology

exchange meeting for the first time.

In 1982, the domestic first open

magnetic powder, penetrant testing professional level II personnel

training, the end of the unlicensed operation testing personnel history.

In the 1990s, the standardization work made important progress,

powder, penetrant testing technology standardization system basic

formation. Since 2000, along with the development of digital culture

technology, penetrant testing technology into the era of automation and

visualization.

TION

Penetrant Testing is a kind of based on the principle of capillary

action check open defect on the surface of nondestructive testing

methods.

PLE

Of drain holes is mainly

used to detect the metal or nonmetal parts

surface defects. When testing, sprinkle the penetrant of

fluorescent

dye or colored dye on surface of the parts,

due to the capillarity,

Penetrant will seep into the tiny defects in the surface of the openings,

remove the excess penetrant, add imaging agent after it drying, because

of the

capillarity penetrant that is in the defects can adsorption to the

parts surface again, then will form the defect display of the magnified.

,

The morphology and distribution of defects can be detected.

ITY

PT is widely used in the word piece, component, product or material

quality inspection. To a certain extent, PT determines the reliability of

the work piece, and it is one of the important conditions ensure that the

product is safe,

MATERIALS

I.

Penetrants.

(1)

Liquid dye penetrant

a.

Washing liquid dye penetrant

-

Type water-based dye penetrant fluid.

-

Since the emulsification liquid dye penetrant.

b.

After emulsification liquid dye penetrant

c.

Solvent to remove liquid dye penetrant

(2)

Fluorescent penetrants

a.

Water type fluorescent penetrants

-

Water-based type fluorescent penetrants

-

The emulsion type fluorescent penetrants

b.

After the emulsion type fluorescent penetrants

(3)

Solvent to remove type fluorescent penetrants

(4)

Other penetrant

a.

Color fluorescent penetrants

b.

Chemical reaction penetrating fluid

c.

Filterability particle penetrating fluid

II

.< /p>

Emulsifier:

Emulsion does not dissolve in water infiltration fluid,

make it easy to clean with water.

III

.

Solvent remover:

The solvent used to remove excess penetrant

work piece surface. Water, emulsifier and water, Organic solvent.

IV. Imaging agent:

Used in a defect in the infiltration liquid

adsorption, forming defect images.

V. Block.

The specimen with artificial defects and natural defects,

and it is

measured seepage detection sensitivity of the equipment.

TION TESTING APPARATUS

a

. Portable testing device

Consist of

Penetrating fluid spray

irrigation, Cleaner spray irrigation, Imaging agent for sprinkler, light,

brush and metal brush.

b

.

Stationary seepage detection device

Consist of pre-cleaning

device, Osmosis device, Emulsification device, Imaging device, Drying

device, Post-processing equipment.

c

. Black light

AND CONS OF PT

Primary advantages

-The method has high sensitivity.

-The method is easy to operate and the principle is simple.

-

When inspected large areas and large volumes of parts can be faster

and at low cost.

Primary disadvantages

-It has the complex process and severe pollution.

-Only surface breaking defects can be detected

-The inspector must have direct access to the surface being inspected.

-Surface finish and roughness can affect inspection sensitivity.

FICATION

1.

According to the penetration of liquid fuel.

-

Penetrant inspection method

- fluorescence detection method

2.

According to the cleaning method.

- Water penetration testing method

- Emulsion type after inspection

- Solvent cleaning type detection method

3.

According to the imaging way.

- Dry imaging

- Quick dry imaging

- Wet imaging

- Since the imaging penetration testing

Method and steps

STEP

1.

Pretreatment

To obtain good detection effect, the first condition is penetrating

fluid into fully defects, pretreatment is the operation that in advance to

eliminate defects may hinder the penetration and influence of imaging.

It greatly affect the sensitivity of the detection of defects. Remove mild

dirt and grease can use the solvent detergent, but if the coating or scale

covered the surface of the test, the penetrating fluid will could not

permeate through defects.

Materials and work piece must be drying after clean to remove

excess water and solvent detergent in defects, otherwise, they will

hinder the penetration.

2.

Penetration

Penetration is saturated liquid suction defects of internal

operations. To achieve full penetration, the penetrant must always fully

covered on the surface of the work piece in the process of osmosis. In

the practical work, the method of covered should depend on parts of

number, size, shape and the kind of penetration fluid. In general, the use

of penetrating agent temperature is 15

~

40

°

C. The choice of infiltration

time should be according to the requirements of parts requirement

found defect types, surface state and the kinds of penetrating agent,

usually 5

~

20minutes.

For some parts in penetration can be loaded at the same time to

make the tiny crack open, it is advantageous to the infiltration of

penetrating agent, in order to detect the tiny crack.

3.

Cleaning

In the coating after penetrating agent and maintain the appropriate

time, should remove excess penetrant parts surface, but cannot wash

out the penetrant of the defects, to ensure the highest sensitivity.

The water penetrant agent can directly use water to remove. Water

washing method have mixing invasion washing, spraying water flushing

and spray nozzle concentrated wash several more, Attention should be

paid to control water temperature, time and stress level. And the time of

emulsion should be appropriate. Time is too long, the penetrant in small

internal defects will be emulsified and cleaned; Time is too short,

penetrant on the surface of the parts have the inadequate emulsion,

surface is not clean. Solvent to remove penetrant agent direct use

solvent to erasure.

4.

Dry

The purpose of drying is to remove moisture on the surface of the

parts. The remove of solvent penetrant need not special drying process.

There are list several kinds of drying methods below:

-Dry with a clean cloth.

-Use compressed air to blow dry.

-Use heat air to blow dry.

-Hot air circulation drying.

Drying temperature cannot be too high, in order to prevent the

penetrant of the defect is drying, lead to when imaging the penetrant

could not be adsorbed on the surface of the parts, and the drying time

should be shorten as much as possible. In the process of actual

operation. In the process of drying, these situations will damage to the

work piece surface, so they should be avoid:

-The operator

’

s hand have grease.

-There are residual penetrant on parts quantico.

5.

Imaging

Imaging is to use imaging agent make penetrant in defects

adsorbed to the surface of parts, to form the clear images of the detects.

According to the different imaging agent, imaging methods can be

divided into:

-Dry.

-The type of water.

-The type of no water.

The imaging agent should evenly coated on the surface part, and

with only a coating, an area cannot coated again and again.

6.

Inspection

When the dye penetrant inspection, imaging of the parts can be

observed under natural light or white light, do not need special

observation device. When fluorescent inspection, imaging should be just