-
最新高三英语阅读理解专项训练
100(
附答案
)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
Plastic
sludge(
污泥
)and garbage is a
disaster for the world's oceans. A film crew
traveled the
globe to document the
rubbish. And Julie Andersen of the Plastic Oceans
Foundation says what
we see is just the
tip o
f the problem. “Half of the waste
actually sinks to the bottom, and that
remains on the surface actually breaks
down. ”
The
filmmakers
found
rubbish
in
ocean
gyres,
the
circulating
currents
that
trap
large
concentrations of pollution in the
Atlantic, Indian, and Pacifc Oceans, home of what
some have
plastic.
What
we
found
was
a
plastic
smog
that
spread
throughout
all
the
water. And
in
some
parts of the oceans,
scientists have found more plastic than plant.
”
The pieces of the
plastic garbage infect the food chain, sometimes
visibly, and more so at the
microscopic
level,
where
the
plastic
particles
interact
with
other
pollutants.
“There
are
heavy
metals, medicines, industrial waste in
the sea, while it acts like
magnets(
磁铁
). These poisonous
substances absorb on the plastic, and
then when seafood absorbs the plastics, those
poisonous
substances enter the fatty
tissues. ”To be consumed by other sea life and by
people at last.
China,
Indonesia,
the
Philippines,
Thailand
and
Vietnam
are
the
worst
plastic
polluters.
The
United
States,
although
a
leader
in
recycling,
is
one
of
the
world's
20
since
it
produces
and
consumes so much plastic. There are
efforts around the world to address the problem,
including
at this newly opened
recycling center in
Lebanon(
黎巴嫩
). But Andersen
says there is more that
people can do.
“Cut back on single
-use plastics,
straws, plastic cups, plastic water bottles,
plastic
bags and find alternatives like
reusable materials.” She says
healthy
oceans are essential to our
survival.
（
1
）
What can we learn
from the passage?
A. There's all island full of plastic
rubbish in the Pacific.
B.
The bad effect of plastic pollution can't be seen
by eyes.
C. The United
States is the least plastic polluters.
D. The plastic pollution to oceans is
more serious than what we can see.
（
2
）
What
does the underlined word “it” refer to in
paragraph 3?
A.
Pollutants like heavy metals and medicines. B.
The plastic particles.
C.
Seafood.
D. Fatty tissues.
（
3
）
What can be inferred
from the last paragraph?
A. All Asian countries have the most
serious problem of plastic pollution.
B. The plastic problem hasn't attracted
the world's attention.
C.
Andersen is not satisfied with what has been done
to solve the plastic problem,
D. People should stop using plastic
products immediately.
（
4
）
Which may be the
title of the passage?
A. Plastic pollution in the
World.
B. Plastic pollution<
/p>
—
Oceans'Disaster.
C. Ways to solve the problem of plastic
pollution to oceans.
D.
Plastic pollution and our health.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。
主要讲述了塑料污染对海洋导致的影响。
< br>（
1
）细节理解题。根据第一段第三句：
And Julie Andersen of the Plastic Oceans
Foundation
says what we see is just the
tip of the problem.
可知，塑料海洋基金会的朱莉
·
安德森说，我们
看到的只是问题的冰山一角。故可
推测塑料对海洋的污染比我们所看到的更严重，故选
D
。
（
2
）词义猜测题。根据
The
pieces
of
the
plastic
garbage
infect
the
food
chain
，
sometimes
visibly
，
and
more
so
at
the
microscopic
level
，
where
the
plastic
particles
interact
with
other
pollutants.
，
medi
cines
，
industrial waste in
the sea
，
while it acts like
magnets
（磁铁）
.
可知，塑料垃圾碎片在微观层面感染食物链，有时是明显的，塑料颗粒
与
其他污染物相互作用
.
海洋中有重金属，药物，工业废物，使其像磁铁一样
.
it
指代的是
塑料颗粒。故选
B
。
（
3
）推理判断题。根据
But
Andersen
says
there
is
more
that
people
can
do.
back
on
single-use
pla
stics
，
straws
，
plastic
cups
，
plastic
water
bottles
，
plastic
bags
and
find
alternatives like reusable materials. <
/p>
可知，
安德森说人们还可以做更多事情来预防污染，可推测出安德
森对于目前解决塑料问题所做
的工作不满意。故选
C
。
（
4
）主旨大意题。阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了塑料污染海洋
灾害。
故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和
主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题
眼），然后以此为线索，运用略
读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落
、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上
下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
Ten
minutes
of
gentle
exercise
can
immediately
change
how
certain
parts
of
the
brain
communicate and coordinate
(
协调
) with one another and
improve memory function, according
to
an encouraging new study.
The scientists invited 36 people of different ages
to the lab and had them sit quietly on a fixed
bicycle for 10 minutes or, on a
separate visit, pedal the bicycle at a pace so
gentle that it barely
raised
their
heart
rates.
It
also
was
short,
lasting
for
only
10
minutes.
Immediately
after
each
session of the sitting
or slow pedaling, the people completed a
computerized memory test during
which
they would see a brief picture of, for instance, a
tree, followed by a variety of other images
and then a new image of either the same
tree or a similar one. The people would press
buttons
to show whether they thought
each image was new or the same as an earlier shot.
The test is
difficult,
since
many
of
the
images
closely
resemble
one
another.
It
requires
rapid,
skillful
scanning recent
memories to decide whether a picture is new or
known. Next, the scientists had
each
people repeat this process--riding or sitting on
the bike for 10 minutes and then completing
memory testing--but the testing now
took place inside an M. R. I.
machine(
磁共振成像仪
)that
scanned the people's brains while they
responded to the images.
Then the researchers compared results. The effects
of the exercise were clear. The people were
better at remembering images after they
had ridden the bike, especially when the images
most
closely resembled one another. In
other words, the harder their memories had to do
their best,
the better they performed
after the exercise. The M. R. I. scans showed that
memory parts of
each
people's
brain
lit
up
at
the
same
time
with
parts
of
the
brain
associated
with
learning,
indicating that
these physically separate parts of the brain were
better connected now than when
the
people had not first exercised.
（
1
）
How
did the researchers conduct the study?
A. By filling up
questionnaires. B. By
interviewing many people.
C.
By comparing experiment data.
D. By referring to historical reports.
（
2
）
Who
might benefit most from the study result?
A. The marketers promoting
fixed bicycles.
B. The young
people crazy about body building.
C. The white collars doing long-term
mental work.
D. The blue-
collars doing heavy physical labor
work.
（
3
）
Which of the following statements
agrees with the study result?
A. The light exercise is
only good for young people.
B. The more the exercise is, the better
the brain works.
C. The
exercise can coordinate different parts of the
body.
D. The exercise has
more positive effect when the brain works
harder.
（
4
）
What can be the best title for the
text?
A. Even
ten minutes' exercise may be good for the
brain
B. There is no need
for humans doing exercise every day
C. Only ten minutes' light exercise
benefits the young most
D.
Exercise can change people's brains and minds in a
long time
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
C
（
3
< br>）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。
一项新的研究表明，哪怕是仅仅十分钟的轻柔运动也
会提高人的记忆里水平。
（
1
）细节理解题。第三段第一句
“Then the researchers
compared results.”
可知研究者通过对
比实
验数据得出结论，故答案选
C
。
（
2
）推理
判断题。一项新的研究表明，哪怕是仅仅十分钟的轻柔运动也会提高人的记忆
里水平。因
此可推断这对于长期从事脑力工作的白领们是一个福音。故答案选
C
。
（
3
）细节理解题。第三段第三句
“In other
words, the harder their memories had to do their
best, the better they performed after
the exercise.”
可知大脑使用的程度越高，运动对记忆里
的影响就越大，即当大脑工作更努力时，运动有更积极的效果。故答案选
D
。
（
4
）主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究成果：短时
间的轻柔运动
就会提高记忆力水平，故答案选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及
细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅
读，要求考生准确捕捉
细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根据上下文进
行分析，推理，概括和
归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
Two of the saddest words in the
English language are
never having to
say those words, because they convey regret, lost
opportunities, mistakes, and
disappointment.
My father is famous in our family for saying
to live by the
always
thought about what I could do to avoid an
minor like moving a cup full of hot
coffee away from the edge of a counter, or
something that
required a little more
work such as taping padding
(
衬垫
) onto the sharp corners
of a glass coffee
table.
I don't only avoid those
avoid
only
in
our
personal
relationships.
We
all
know
people
who
lost
a
loved
one
and
regretted that they had foregone an
opportunity to say
father announced he
was going to the eye doctor across from my office
on Good Friday, I told him
that it was
a holiday for my company and I wouldn't be here.
But then I thought about the fact
that
he was 84 years old and I realized that I
shouldn't give up an opportunity to see him. I
called
him and told him I had decided
to go to work on my day off after all.
I know there will still be
occasions when I have to say
definitely
better because of my policy of doing everything
possible to avoid that eventuality. And
even though it takes an extra minute to
do something right, or it occasionally takes an
hour or
two in my busy schedule to make
a personal connection, I know that I'm doing the
right thing. I'm
buying myself peace of
mind and that's the best kind of insurance for my
emotional well-being.
（
1
）
Which of the
following is an example of the
A. Start the car the moment everyone is
seated. B. Leave the room for a minute
with the iron
working.
C. Move an object out of the way before
it trips someone. D. Wait for an extra
minute so that
the steak tastes
better.
（
2
）
The
underlined word
A.
abandoned B. avoided
C. lacked D.
taken
（
3
）
The
author decided to go to her office on Good Friday
to ________.
A.
join
in
the
holiday
celebration
of
the
company
B. keep
her
appointment
with
the
eye
doctor
C. finish
her
work
before
the
deadline
approached D. meet
her
father who
was
already
an
old man
（
< br>4
）
What is the best title
for the passage?
A. The Two Saddest Words
B. The Most Useful Rule
C.
The Peace of Mind
D. The Emotional Well-being
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2<
/p>
）
A
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，作者认为英语中最悲伤的两个词语是
only
．因为
他们表达了遗憾，父亲在我小的时候经常让我提前做一些能防止意外发生
的事，因此我懂
得珍惜现在所拥有的一切，而且我知道我正在做对的事。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据
第一、二段的内容可知，作者所说的
minute
rule
是指在
遇事时多思考一分钟，从而可以避免
以后遗憾、犯错或失望。
C
项
“
在绊倒别人之前把障碍
物挪走
”,
属于
“extra minute”
规则。故选<
/p>
C
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。划线词所在句
and
前后连接语意相似成分，由其前
失去一个心
爱的
人或物
可推知此处是指
“
后悔放弃一个机会
”
，
foregone
意为
“
放弃
”
与
abandone
d
同义，故
选
A
。
（
3
）
考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“But then I thought about
the fact that he's 84 years old
and I
realized that I shouldn't give up an opportunity
to see him.”
可知父亲说在周五去看眼科医
生时经过作者的办公室，虽然那天是假日，但作者想到父亲
84
了，自己不应该放弃每一次
见父亲的机会，于是又改口说那天上班。故
选
D
。
（<
/p>
4
）考查主旨大意。通读文章可知，本文主要叙述了作者通过
minute
rule
来避免
以后说
only
的情况。
only
作为线
索贯穿了整篇文章，且第一段也提到了
the
saddest
words
，
The Two
Saddest Words
适合作为标题，其他选项比较笼统，不能涵盖本文内容。故
选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
The American newspaper has been
around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the
printer
James Franklin, Benjamin's
older brother, started the New England Courant,
and that was what
we
might
recognize
today
as
a
real
newspaper.
He
filled
his
paper
with
stories
of
adventure,
articles on art,
on famous people, and on all sorts of political
subjects.
Three
centuries
after
the
appearance
of
Franklin's
Courant,
few
believe
that
newspapers
in
their present printed form will remain
alive for long, Newspaper companies are losing
advertisers,
readers, market value, and
in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed
that would not have
been
imaginable
ju
st
several
years
ago.
The
chief
editor
of
the
Times
said
recently,
“At
places
where they gather,
editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if
they have just come out of the
hospital
or
a
lost
law
case.”
An
article
about
the
newspaper
appealed
on
the
webs
ite
of
the
Guardian, under the
headline “NOT DEAD YET.”
Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which
has made the daily newspaper look slow and
out of step with the world, has brought
about a real sense of death, Some American
newspapers
have lost 42% of their
market value in the past three years. The New York
Times Company has
seen its
stock
（股票）
drop by 54% since
the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in
the
past year. A manager at Deutsche
Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their
Times stock.
The Washington Post
Company has prevented the trouble only by changing
part of its business to
education; its
testing and test
—
preparation service now brings in at least half
the company's
income,
（
1
）
What can
we learn about the New England Courant?
A. It is mainly about the
stock market.
B. It
carries articles by political leaders.
C. It marks the beginning of
newspapers.
D. It remains a
successful newspaper in America.
（
2
）
What can
we infer about the newspaper editors?
A. They often accept
readers' suggestions.
B. They
caw a lot about each other's health.
C. They stop doing business with
advertisers.
D. They face great
difficulties in their business.
（
3
）
Which of
the following found a new way for its development?
A. the Washington Post.
B. The Guardian.
C. The New York Tinier.
D. New England Courant.
（
4
）
How
does the author seem to feel about t
he
future of newspapers”?
A. Satisfied.
B. Hopeful. C. Surprised.
D. Worried.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做
出的调整。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“the
printer
James
Franklin,
Benjamin's
older
brother,
started
the
New
England
Courant,
and
that
was
what
we
might
recognize
today
as
a
real
newspaper.”
可知，
James
Franklin
创办的
New England Coura
nt
就是我们今天所知的真正的报
纸，也就标志着美国报业的开
始，故选
C
。
(2)
考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“Newspaper
comp
anies
are
losing
advertisers,
readers,
market
v
alue”
可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话
places where they gather,
editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if
they have just come out
of the hospital
or a lost law case.
，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候<
/p>
“
你还好吗
”
仿
佛
刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临
着
困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选
D
。
(3)
考查细
节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是
The
Washington
Post
《华
盛顿邮报》。故选
A
。
(4)
考查推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判
断作者对此很担
忧。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生
活类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从
而选出正确答案。
5
．
阅读理解
Some houses are designed to be
smart. Others have smart designs. An example of
the second
type of house won an Award
of Excellence from the American Institute of
Architects.
Located
on
the
shore
of Sullivan's
Island
off
the
coast
of
South
Carolina,
the
award-winning
cube-shaped
beach
house
was
built
to
replace
one
smashed
to
pieces
by
Hurricane
（飓风）
Hugo
10 years ago. Before Hugo, many new houses built
along South Carolina's shoreline were
poorly
constructed,
and
enforcement
of
building
rules
wasn't
strict,
according
to
architect
Ray
Huff, who created the cleverly-designed
beach house. Soon after Hugo, all new shoreline
houses
are
required
to
meet
stricter,
better-enforced
rules.
The
new
beach
house
on
Sullivan's
Island
should be able to withstand a Level 3
hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers
per
hour.
At
first
sight,
the
house
on
Sullivan's
Island
looks
anything
but
hurricane-proof.
Its
redwood
shell
makes
it resemble “a
large
party
lantern (
灯笼
)” at
night,
according
to
one observer.
But
looks can be misleading.
The house's wooden frame is reinforced with long
steel rods to give it
extra
strength.
To further
protect the house from hurricane damage. Huff
raised it 2.7 meters off the ground
on
timber
pilings
－
long,
slim
wood
pieces
anchored
deep
in
the
sand.
Pilings
might
appear
insecure,
but
they
are
strong
enough
to
support
the
weight
of
the
house.
They
also
raise
the
house above storm waves. The pilings
allow the waves to run under the house instead of
running
into
it.
'These
waves
come
ashore
at
terrible
speeds
and
cause
most
of
the
damage
done
to
beach-
front buildings,” said
Huff.
Huff
designed
the
timber
pilings
to
be
partially
hidden
by
the
house's
ground-to-roof
shell.
“The shell masks the
pilings so that the house doesn't look like it's
stand
ing with its pant legs
(
裤
腿
) pulled up,”
said Huff. In the event of a storm, the shell
should break apart and let the waves
rush under the house, the architect
explained.
（
1
）
After
the
Hurricane
Hugo,
new
houses
built
along
South
Carolina's
shore
line
are
required
.
A. to be
easily reinforced
B. to meet stricter building
standards
C. to look smarter
in design
D. to be designed in the shape of
cubes
（
2
）
Why
is the award-winning beach house strong and
hurricane-proof?
A. It is in the shape of a shell.
B. It is made of redwood.
C.
It is strengthened by steel rods.
D. It is built with timber and
concrete.
（
3
）
What's the purpose of Huff
raising the house 2.7 meters off the ground on
timber pilings?
A. To
anchor
stronger
pilings
deep
in
the
sand.
B. To
prevent
water
from
rushing
into
the
house.
C. To withstand peak winds of about 200
km/hr.
D. To make the house
look more hurricane-
proof.
<
/p>
（
4
）
Acco
rding the last paragraph, the main function of the
shell is .
A. to give the house a better
appearance
B. to strengthen
the pilings of the house
C.
to protect the wooden frame of the house
D. to slow down the speed of the big
waves
【答案】
（
1
）
B
< br>（
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报
道，位于南卡罗来纳州海岸的沙利文岛海滨一座玲珑
的小屋以其独特的设计获得大奖。<
/p>
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“Soon after Hugo, all new shoreline
houses are required to
meet
stricter,
better-
enforced
r
ules.”
可知在飓风造成严重的人员伤亡和巨大的损失后，新建
房屋应该符合严格的建筑规定。故选
B
。
< br>
(2)
考查细节理解。根据第三和第四段的内容可知，
沙文岛上的建筑获奖了。而沙利文岛上
的房子乍一看不像是抗飓风的。但外表可能会误导
人。房子的木制框架用长的钢棒加固，
以赋予它额外的强度。为了进一步保护房屋免受飓
风破坏。在地面上树起
2.7
米高的木头
桩，深深地扎在沙子里。它们足够坚固，足以支撑房屋的重量。飓风来临时波浪在房子下
面运行，却不会冲进房子。由知可见，沙文岛上的房子抗飓风就是由于钢棒的支撑。故选
C
。
(3)
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“The
structure
allows
the
waves
to
ru
n
under
the
house
instead
of
running
into <
/p>
it
．
”
可判断
出，之所以这么做的目的是防止大水冲入房屋中，故选
B
。
(4)
考查细节理解。第四段内容可知房
屋是建在木桩上的。最后一段内容为：
Huff
设计的木
桩被房子从地面到屋顶的贝壳所隐藏，贝壳遮盖了木桩，这样房子看起来就比原来房屋的
外观好看多了，故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生准确捕捉
细节信
息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。
6
．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
和<
/p>
D
）中，选出最佳选项。
These
days,
I
walk
down
the
steps
leading
toward
the
south
end
of
the
All
England
Club
in
Wimbledon,
and
still
look
for
the
Crow's
Nest,
a
small
green
observation
tower
with
an
outer
ladder that I used to climb on for a
wide view of the grounds, but which has since been
knocked
down.
The Crow's Nest was a particularly useful point,
because it allowed a tennis writer to keep track
of the action on as many as 10 outside
courts at a time. At days end, reporters from
different
nations would share notes on
what they had observed all over the
grounds.
Twenty-seven
years later, the press room has touch screens that
allow us to watch live videos
from
any
court,
and
even
go
back
to
watch
key
moments
in
key
matches
long
after
they
have
finished. You could
cover Wimbledon without leaving your seat. But
that is a bit like spending all
your
time ordering room service and looking up fun
facts on Wikipedia.