-
UNIT 13
重难点复习和练习
一、重点词汇
词义辨析：
cost/spend/take/pay
都与
“
花费
”
有关
，但用法上有区别。
cost
sth. costs (sb.) +money
spend
1. spend+
time/money on sth.
2. spend
+time/money (in) doing sth.
take
It takes (sb.) time +to
do sth.
pay
pay (sb.)+money for sth.
因此，
“
他们花两年建造这座桥
”
可以表示为：
They spend two years on
this bridge.
=They spent
two years (in) building this bridge.
=It took them two years to build this
bridge.
“
我花了
2000
块钱买这台电脑
”
< br>可以表示为：
I
spent 2000 Yuan on the new computer.
=I spent 2000 Yuan (in) buying the new
computer.
=The new
computer cost me 2000 Yuan.
=I paid 2000 Yuan for the new computer.
词义辨析：
take part
in/join/join in/attend
这些动词或词组均含
“
参加，加入
”
之意。
take part in
常指参加大型比赛或活动。
join
特指加入党派、团体等；
join sb. in
(doing) sth.
指“和某人一起做某事”。
join in
多指参加小规模的活动，如：球赛、游戏等。
attend
侧重参加或出席会议
、学术活动、音乐会、上课等等，着重强调成为其中的
听众或观众。
A lot of college students took
part in the movement last year.
His brother joined the army two years
ago.
May I join in your discussion?
Hundreds of students attended the
lecture given by the famous professor.
词义辨析：
turn
词组
turn on
打开
turn
off
关上
turn up
把……调高
turn
down
把……调低
turn out
原来是，结果是
turn out (to be)
+adj./n.
turn
around
转身
turn back
返回
turn
to
翻到……；求助于……
turn into
将……转变为……；译成……
turn over
翻转
The
experiment turned out to be a success.
I turned around to see who was calling me.
Please turn to Page 10.
1
I have turned into a woman with strong
will.
She turned over and
fell to sleep.
afford to
do sth.
：买得起
……
，足够支
付
……
We can’t afford to pay
such
a high price.
be harmful t
o
：对
……
有害
Staying up often is harmful to your
health.
拓展：
1.
harm
：
n.
害处
2. do harm to
：
对
……
有害
at the top of
：在
……
顶端
There was not enough
oxygen at the top of the mountain.
He shouted at the top of his voice in
order to be heard.
拓展：反义词
at the
bottom of
：在
……
的底端<
/p>
take
action
：采取行动
The police had
to take action to deal with the riots.
throw
away
：扔掉；错过（机会等）
Many people
throw away cigarette ends carelessly.
Don’t throw away this
opportunity.
拓展：
1. throw
at
：扔向
……
2. throw
about
：到处扔
put sth. to good
use
：好好利用某物
If you focus
your mind on the task, your talents can be put to
good use.
pull…down
：拆毁
They are going to pull down the old
building and replace it with a new shopping mall.
upside
down
：上下颠倒
The lid,
turned upside down, served as a coffee table.
bring
back
：归还；使想起
Your article
brought back sad memories for me.
拓展：
bring
词组
1. bring up
：抚养长大
2. bring
in
：引进
3. bring
forward
：提出
4. bring
about
：带来，造成
一词多义：
work
n.
工作；（音乐、艺术）作品；工厂
v.
工作
He
has much work to do.
他有很多工
作要做。（做
“
工作
”
讲，为不可数名词）
The man gained his wealth by printing
works of famous writers.
（做
“<
/p>
作品
”
讲，为可数名词，但常用复
数）
The glass works
is/are near the station.
（做
“<
/p>
工厂
”
讲，只用复数形式，但谓语动词单
复均可）
拓展：
英语中有些名词，单复数形式意义有差别。
manner
方式，方法
manners
礼貌，礼仪
arm
胳膊
arms
武器
water
水
waters
海水，水域
wood
木头
woods
森林
识记词汇
fisherman
n.
渔夫
coal
n.
煤
wooden
adj.
木制的
takeaway
n.
外卖食物
chain
n.
链条
the food chain
食物链
ecosystem
n.
生态系统
law
n.
法律
scientific
adj.
科学的
transportation
n.
交通
2
napkin
n.
餐巾纸
gate
n.
大门
president
n.
总统，主席，负责人
metal
n.
金属
二、重点句型
Other advantages of bike riding are
that it’s good for
health
and it doesn’t cost
anything.
解析
：本句的主干是
Other advantages of bike riding
are…
；
that it’s good for
health…anything
是由
that
引导的
表语从句；其中
it’s good
for health
和
it
doesn’t cost anything
是骑自行车的两个优势。
But do you realize that you’re killing
a whole sh
ark each time you enjoy a
bowl of
shark’s
fin soup?
解析
：
本句
的主干是
do you
realize…
？；
that you’re
killing a whole shark
是
realize
的宾语从句；
each
time
you
enjoy a bowl of shark’s fin soup
是时间状语从句。
出题建议
：确定好题型后，在关键词
中输入：
each time
。
Many believe that sharks
can never be endangered because they are the
strongest in
their food
chain.
解析
：本句的主干是
Many
believe…
；
that sharks can
never be endangered
是
believe
的宾语从句；
because
they are the strongest in their food chain
是由
because
引导的原因状语从句。
Not only can the art bring happiness to
others, but it also shows that even cold,
hard
iron can be brought
back to life with a little creativity.
解析
：本句的主干是
Not only can the art bring happiness to
others, but it also
shows
，主干是由
not
only…but
also…
连接的并列句；
that
even cold, hard iron can be brought back to life
with a little creativity
是
shows
的宾语从句。
Unit13 We’re
trying to save the earth!
第一课时
SectionA 1a-2d
自学自查
：Ⅰ
.
写出下列单词及短
语：
1.
垃圾
_______________________
2..
在……底部
< br>__________________
3.
充满
____________
4.
曾经
做某事
_________________
5.
在……其作用
_______________
6.
打扫
_________
7.
许多黑烟
______________
____
8.
把……变成……
_______________
9.
消减
____________
10.
代替
____________
11.
优点
___________
12.
木
质筷子
_________________
13.
塑料勺子
________________
14.
外带食物
_________________
15.
有影响
______________
16.
导致
_____
Ⅱ
.
用括号
里单词正确形式填空。
are some
__________,including ___________________.(
< br>噪音污染，
空气污染，
水污染
)
（
pollute
）
< br>
air is
badly______(pollute) because there are many cars
on the road.
3.I used to
_______________(able)see stars in the sky.
4.I am used to __________(sleep) around
11pm.
________________________________
____.(
花了我三小时到达山顶
)
cleaner ____________________________(<
/p>
花了超过
2
小时打扫街道
)
grandpa is sleeping ,so don't
_____________.(noisy)
3
8. Sometimes we even need
to _______________________(
花时间导入一个请求
)
_____ me 1,000dollars to get
the driver
’
s
license.(
花费
)
Ⅲ
.
重点句子：
should write to the
government and ask them to close down the
factories.
ne in this town
should play a part in cleaning it up.
together ,our actions can make a different and
lead to a better future
成果展示：
:v
扔垃圾
un
：垃圾
rubbish ,trash
take out rabbish
倒垃圾
throw rubbish
扔垃圾
2..be full of=be filled with= fill with
充满……
is turning beautiful places into ugly
ones.
这正在把美丽的地方变成丑陋的。
one
泛指，指前面提到过的那类人或事情，指代可数名词，其复数形式用
ones.
that:
特指，指前面提到过的那类物，指代不可数名词。
Eg
：
The weather in
Kunming is better than that in Wuhan.
it :
特指，指前面提到过的那个物，用于指可数名词单数或者不可数名词。
Eg:I have a pen,my uncle gave it to me.
age :n:
优势，利益，有利条件
v
：有利于
disadvantage
缺点，损失，不利条件
take advantage of
利于
at a disadvantage
处于不利地位
have the
advantage of
胜过，处于…有利条件
Eg:He had the advantage of
being born into a rich family.
The
women
’
s disadvantage is her
age.
ay
：
adj:
外带的，带走的，旧的
n
：外卖食品，快餐点
巩固提高：
’
s
__________________(
浪费时间
)to
talk with a silly person.
should
_____________(
删掉
)
the first paragraph.
is also _________
______________.(
太多垃圾和废物
)
should take the bus or subway
______________.(
代替开车
)
5.I ________________________________
.(
学英语有困难
)
go to
the streets to
_____________________.(
互相泼水
)
7.I was asked not _____________________
___(
在公共场合扔垃圾
)
第二课时
SectionA 3a-4c
自学自查
：Ⅰ
.
写出下列单词及短语：
1.
听说
_____________
2.
特别流行
___________
_____ 3.
每次
____________
4.
切断
_______
5.
把…扔到…里
___________
6.
不仅…而且
________________
7.
对…有害
____________
8.
不再
___________
9.
…的
数量
_________________
10.
目前为止
___________
11.
对…有利
_______________
12.
在危险中
____________ 13.
采取行动
_____________14.
渔民
_______
15.
工业
_____________
16.
参加
_______________
Ⅱ
.
用括号
里单词正确形式填空。
1.A number of
students in our school ______(be) from
countryside.
number of students. in
our school _______
（
be
）
more than 1,000
e of
water pollution,plenty of sea life is
____________(
灭绝
)
river __________________ clean,but now it
______________dirty.(use)
Ⅲ
.
重点句子：
numbers of some kinds of sharks have
fallen by over 90 persent in the last 20 to 30
years.
4
nmental protection groups around the
world,such as WildAid and the WWF,are teaching the
public
about
“
fin
ning
”
.
are at
the top of the food chain,so if their numbers
drop,the ocean
’
s ecosystem
will be in dange.
成果展示：
popular in
在…范围内受欢迎
be popular with
…受某人欢迎
–
southern
north-northern
west-western
east-eastern
off
切断，中断
cut out
删除
cut down
砍倒
cut in
插嘴
harmful to = do harm to
对…有危害
be good to
对…有利
5..law
法律
lawyer
律师
lawful
合法的，法律的
ific study
科学研究
science
科学
scientist
科学家
t
做名词，
“百分之…”
单复数相同。
the percent of +
名词（
un/cn
）
,
当其做主语时，谓
语动词要和
of
后的名词保持一致。
Eg:Sixty percent of students in this
class are boys.
danger
在危险中
out of dange
远离危险
承担的起，买的起
通常与
can ,could,,be able to
连用。
afford to do
sth
负担得起做某事
can
’
t afford to
do sth
不能负担做某事
Eg:We can
’
t
afford to wait any longer to take
action.
我们在也等不起了，要采取行动。
can also use reusable bags
instead of plastic
bags.
你可以使用可重复使用的袋子来代替塑料袋。
reusable : adj
可重复使用的，可再次使用的
类似加
前缀
re-
的单词：
return
返回
reappear
再现
rebirth
再生
rebuild
在建
recall
回想
rewrite
重写
recover
恢复
recount
重新计算
rethink
重新思考
recycle
重新利用
those small things might
add up and become big things that would improve
the environment.
add up
合计，加起来
，
add to
增加
(
添
)
，
add
…
to
…
把…加到…
，
add up to
合计为
巩固提高：
1. Not only I but also
Tom and Mary ______ (be) intrested in watching
TV
.
1.
We must use
____________(
塑料袋
) in order
to protect the earth.
2.
Jim
’
s father is a
famous __________.(
律师
)
3.
It
’
s necessary
for us to be
_____________(
合法的
)
citizens.(
公民
)
4.
Do you like
the______(wood) chair?
5.
The meat is ______ delicious. ----
Yes,but don
’
t eat_____.
A,too much,too much
B,much too,too much
C,too much ,much too
D,much too,much too
7.
______
books in our school
library is about 20,000,And _____ books are good
for us to read.
A,Anumber of,the number
of
B,The number of ,a number of
C,A number of
,a number of
D,The number of,the number
of
you believe that paper is made ____
wood?
---Yes,I you can see
that books are made ____ paper.
5