高中英语试卷

3.

非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡 各题目指定

区域

内的相应位置上；如 需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使

用铅

笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.

考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

第一部分

阅读理解

(

共两节

,

< br>满分

40

分

)

第一节

(

共

15

小题

;

每小题

2

,

满分

30

)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项

(A

、

B

、

C

和

D)

中，选出最 佳选项，并在答

题卡上将该项涂。

A

It was several years ago when my wife asked me to meet her at the local

department store on Black Friday morning. They had advertised a child's bike

that she wanted to purchase for our son. We stood with a very large crowd,

waiting for the manager to blow the whistle. After a while the whistle blew. It

was like throwing a basket of chum into a tank of sharks. I told my wife that if we

obtained a bike, fine, but if we did not, I was OK with that too.

As the boxes of bikes began to gradually decrease, I saw my opportunity to

wrap my hands around the corner of one of them. I lifted it off and suddenly felt

some mild resistance. I looked up to see one of the largest men I had ever seen

in my life. Frightening was not enough to describe his presence. He was

decorated with numerous leather belts with metal buttons around both arms

and even his neck. Tattoos (

纹身

) were an obvious passion of his.

I started to loosen the box but he gently pushed it back in my direction and

back into my hands. He then directed it into my shopping cart. He looked at me,

smiled, and said,

“

Merry Christmas.

”

My wife and I went to the checkout, paid for the bike and went home. All the

way home I was thinking that this moment was by far the best Christmas gift I

had ever received. The kindness of a human heart in a simple act of a stranger

broke all preconceived notions (

先入为主

) I may have had. I will never forget it.

1

．

What does the underlined word

“

chum

”

mean in Paragraph1?

A

．

Gifts.

C

．

Goods.

B

．

Food.

D

．

Souvenirs.

2

．

Why did the author loosen the box when seeing the man?

A

．

The author didn't want to buy it.

B

．

The man needed it more.

C

．

The author was frightened by the man.

D

．

The man got the box first.

3

．

What can be a suitable title for the text?

A

．

The Best Christmas Gift.

C

．

An Unforgettable Bike.

B

．

The Largest Man I Have Ever Seen.

D

．

A Shopping Experience.

B

As technology in the security field advances, so does the intelligence of the

burglars in prevailing over this technology. Gone are the days when a simple

alarm system, connected to your phone line, was enough to protect you from

potential security risks.

Cellular alarm systems (

蜂窝报警系统

)are a replacement of the traditional

wired phone line security networks. These systems work just like your cell

phone. A cellular module is placed in the main control panel and it sends signals,

without the use of wires, to the monitoring station. The cellular signal is sent via

the data part of a cellular signal, much like a text message.

Sensors can be placed anywhere in your house. Whenever there is an

emergency, the relevant sensor picks up the unusual activity and sends a

cellular signal to the main control panel. The control panel serves more than

one purpose, which sends a cellular signal at the same time to the monitoring

service at the back end. The monitoring service later informs the relevant

authorities in the form of high-pitched sirens (

高音警笛声

). Typically it takes a

few minutes for emergency services to arrive at the scene. Depending on the

efficiency of your monitoring service and the local authorities, help should

arrive soon and deal with the potential threats.

It allows you to monitor your house remotely. All you have to do is simply

access the cameras from your phone and keep a check for any unusual activities

while you are not around. With cellular technology securing your house, you

don

’

t have to worry about the power failure or even burglars cutting your

phone lines.

Since these systems operate on batteries, you should be careful about when

the batteries die out. There might be other appliances including microwave

ovens and WiFi in the house that can cause disruption (

干扰

). Ensure that your

cellular alarm system's range is not affected by the presence of these appliances.

Many homeowners tend to go for wireless systems due to the ease of

installation (

安装）

factor. However

，

keep in mind that a non-professional

installation might actually leave the system easy to damage.

4

．

What do the underlined words ''prevailing over'' mean in Paragraph 1?

A

．

Improving.

C

．

Worrying about.

B

．

Defeating.

D

．

Looking into.

5

．

How can the authorities know an emergency is happening?

A

．

They hear high- pitched sirens.

B

．

They read the cellular signal.

C

．

They check the control panel online.

D

．

They notice the unusual activity via sensors.

6

．

What can we know about the cellular alarm system?

A

．

It looks like a phone.

C

．

It needs to be improved.

B

．

It is energy- saving.

D

．

It is wireless.

7

．

What's the purpose of the last paragraph?

A

．

To give cautions about the system.

B

．

To introduce the benefits of the system.

C

．

To call on people to watch out for security risks.

D

．

To teach people to install the system correctly.

C

BluePlanetII

's latest episode (

情节

) focuses on how plastic is having a

destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures.

Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on

Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastic in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are

drowning in plastic.

Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics,

plastics are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were

introduced in the 1950s, the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining

popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is

still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still

a very early science.

We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don't really know

what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing.

Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly

700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it.

One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish,

have been found with plastic in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now

eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100

percent.

And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas.

Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand

why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster, worth mentioning in the same

breath as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate

change. There are no ocean trash deniers (

否认者

), at least so far. To do

something about it, we don't have to remake our planet energy system.

This is not a problem where we don' t know what the solution is. We know

how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We

know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use

plastic products. Things that may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or

a reusable bag-when taken collectively, these choices really do make a

difference.

8

．

Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science?

A

．

The plastics pollution research is too difficult.

B

．

Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.

C

．

Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up.

D

．

The world couldn't possibly function without plastics.

9

．

How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3?

A

．

By citing quotes from leading experts.

B

．

By making a comparison and

contrast.

C

．

By listing examples from his own experience.

D

．

By presenting solid

statistics.

10

．

What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?

A

．

We reap what we sow.

B

．

The shortest answer is doing.

C

．

All things are difficult before they are easy.

D

．

Actions speak louder than

words.

11

．

What is the main idea of the passage?

A

．

The oceans become choked with plastic.

B

．

Ocean plastic is a global issue.

C

．

BluePlanetII

has left viewers heartbroken.

over the world.

D

“

If I only had a little humility, I

’

d be perfect,

”

the media giant Ted

Turner supposedly said sometime in the 1990s. Why be modest? Aristotle

said:

“

All men by nature desire to know.

”

Intellectual humility is a particular

instance of humility, since you can be down-to-earth about most things but

still ignore your mental limitations.

Intellectual humility means recognising that we don

’

t know everything.

Actually, it means we should acknowledge that we're probably biased in our

belief about just how much we understand and seek out the sources of

wisdom that we lack.

The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless

knowledge at our fingertips. But, by making us lazy, they have opened up a

space that ignorance can fill. The psychologist Tania Lombrozo of the

D

．

Plastics gain in popularity all

University of California explained how technology enhances our illusions (

错

觉

) of wisdom. She argues that the way we access information is critical to

our understanding

—

and the more easily we can recall an image, word or

statement, the more likely we

’

ll think we

’

ve successfully learned it, and so

withdraw from effortful cognitive processing. Logical puzzles presented in an

unfriendly font (

字体

), for example, can encourage someone to make extra

effort to solve them. Yet this approach runs counter to the nice designs of

the apps and sites that populate our screens, where our brain processes

information in a

“

smooth

”

way. What about all the information that

presents online? Well, your capacity to learn from it depends on your

attitudes. Intellectually humble people don

’

t hide or ignore their

weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and

use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views. People who are

humble by nature tend to be more open- minded and quicker to resolve

disputes, since they recognise that their own opinions might not be valid.

At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance. Such arrogance

almost always originates from the egocentric bias

–

the tendency to

overestimate their own virtue or importance, ignoring the role of chance or

the influence of other people

’

s actions on their lives. This is what makes

these people credit success to themselves and failure to circumstance. From

an evolutionary perspective, intellectual arrogance can also be seen as a way

of achieving dominance through forcing one

’

s view on others. Intellectually