美国文学多部作品的翻译及赏析

The wild honey suckle ---- Philip Freneau

Fair flower,that dost so comely grow,

Hid in this silent,dull retreat,

Unseen thy little branches greet;

No roving foot shall crush thee here,

No busy hand provoke a tear.

By Nature's self in whrite arrayed,

She bade thee shun the vulger eye,

And planted here the guardian shade,

And sent soft waters murmuring by;

Thus quietly thy summer goes,

Thy days declining to repose.

Smit with those chams,that must decay,

I grieve to see your future doom;

they died--nor were those flowers more gay,

the flowers that did in Eden bloom;

Unpitying frosts,and Autumn's power.

Shall leave no vestige of this flower.

From morning suns and evening dews

At first thy little being came:

If nothing once,you nothing lose,

For when you die you are the same;

The space between,is but an hour,

The frail duration of flower.

美好的花呀，你长得：这么秀丽，

却藏身在这僻静沉闷的地方——

甜美的花儿开了却没人亲昵，

招展的小小枝梢也没人观赏；

没游来荡去的脚来把你踩碎，

没东攀西摘的手来催你落泪。

大自然把你打扮得一身洁白，

她叫你避开庸俗粗鄙的目光，

她布置下树荫把你护卫起来，

又让潺潺的柔波淌过你身旁；

你的夏天就这样静静地消逝，

这时候你日见萎蔫终将安息。

那些难免消逝的美使我销魂，

想起你未来的结局我就心疼，

别的那些花儿也不比你幸运——

虽开放在伊甸园中也已凋零，

无情的寒霜再加秋风的威力，

会叫这花朵消失得一无踪迹。

朝阳和晚露当初曾把你养育，

让你这小小的生命来到世上，

原来若乌有，就没什么可失去，

因为你的死让你同先前一样；

这来去之间不过是一个钟点——

这就是脆弱的花享有的天年。

In this poem the poet expressed a keen awareness of

the loveliness and transience of nature.

not

only

meditated

on

mortality

but

also

celebrated

nature.

It

implies

that

life

and

death

are

inevitable

law

of

nature,

wild

honey

suckle

is

Philip Freneau's most

widely read natural lyric with the

theme of transience.

poem express the poet's view about the writing

material of American writers. In the author's opinion,

the origin land in America was filled with beauty and

myth, which could compete with the relics of Europe.

It

revealed

on

the

basis

of

American

beauty,

the

American writer can produce good works.

To a waterfowl ----- William Cullen Bryant

Whither, 'midst falling dew,

While glow the heavens with the last steps of day,

Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue

Thy solitary way?

Vainly the fowler's eye

Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong,

As, darkly painted on the crimson sky,

Thy figure floats along.

Seek'st thou the plashy brink

Of weedy lake, or marge of river wide,

Or where the rocking billows rise and sink

On the chafed ocean side?

There is a Power whose care

Teaches thy way along that pathless coast,--

The desert and illimitable air,--

Lone wandering, but not lost.

All day thy wings have fann'd

At that far height, the cold thin atmosphere:

Yet stoop not, weary, to the welcome land,

Though the dark night is near.

And soon that toil shall end,

Soon shalt thou find a summer home, and rest,

And scream among thy fellows; reeds shall bend

Soon o'er thy sheltered nest.

Thou'rt gone, the abyss of heaven

Hath swallowed up thy form; yet, on my heart

Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given,

And shall not soon depart.

He, who, from zone to zone,

Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight,

In the long way that I must tread alone,

Will lead my steps aright.

你往何方把孤单的前程追逐？

看你远远飞翔而无计可施，

捕鸟人的眼光徒劳眷顾；

满天红霞把你映衬，披着滴落的露珠，

天空灿烂，白日的行程就要结束；

穿过玫瑰色的遥远空际，

暗黑的身影飘飘飞舞。

你是在寻找开阔的大河之滨，

还是波浪拍岸的水草之湖？

或者潮水冲刷的海滩，

那里的巨浪奔腾起伏？

有上苍把你关照，

在无路的海岸为你指路－－

在荒漠和无边的空际，

你孤单的飘荡不致迷途。

你成天翕动翅膀，

任空气稀薄暴?寒冷，飞在高处，

疲乏中你不肯降落舒适的大地，

即使黑夜即将紧闭它的帷幕。

你很快就会结束这样的劳苦，

你即将找到你夏天的住处；

休息中呼唤自己的伙伴，

芦苇也会躬身把你的窝巢遮护。

你的身躯全被吞没，

天堂深渊里，你踪影全无；

然而你的启迪深深留在我的心底，

我将久久地久久地把它记住砖?

从一地又到一地，

天空无垠，你的飞翔从无迟误；

愿引领你的向导把我引领，

孤单的长路中迈开永不偏离的脚步。

―To a Waterfowl‖ is written in iambic trimeter

（抑扬三

部格）

and

iambic

pentam eter

（抑扬格五音部）

,

consisting

of

eight

stanzas

of

four

lines.

The

poem

represents

early

stages

of

American

Romanticism

through

celebration

of

Nature

and

God's

presence

within

Nature.

Bryant

is

acknowledged

as

skillful

at

depicting

American

scenery

but

his

natural

details

are

often

combined

with

a

universal

moral,

as

in

a

Waterfowl

Just

as

God

guides

the

waterfowl

to

its

summer

home,

so

too

He

guides

the

speaker

of

the

poem

through life to his ultimate destination, heaven. In the

end, one will be able to

say about the

speaker what the

speaker

says

about

the

waterfowl:

abyss

of

heaven

/

Hath

swallowed

up

thy

form

(lines

25-26).

The poem is, in essence, a profession of faith in God.

To Helen ---- Edgar Allan Poe

Helen, thy beauty is to me

Like those Nicean barks of yore

往昔，

That gently, o'er a perfumed sea,

The weary, way-worn wanderer bore

To his own native shore.

On desperate seas long wont to roam

游荡

,

Thy hyacinth

风信子

hair, thy classic face,

Thy Naiad

水仙女

airs have brought me home

To the glory that was Greece,

And the grandeur that was Rome.

Lo! in you brilliant window-niche

How statue-like I see thee stand,

The agate

玛瑙

lamp within thy hand!

Ah, Psyche

普塞克

,

from the regions which

Are Holy Land!

海伦，你的美貌于我，

有如往日尼西亚的三桅船，

在芬芳的海上悠然浮起，

把劳困而倦游的浪子载还，

回到他故国的港湾。

早已习惯于怒海上的飘荡，

你风信子似的秀发，

你闪烁着古典美的面庞，

你水精仙子般的呼吸引我还乡，

重见希腊的光荣与罗马的辉煌。

看！那明亮的窗龛中间，

我见你象一座神像站立，

玛瑙的亮灯擎在你手里，

哦！普赛克

，你所来自的地方

原是那遥远的圣地！

The

beauty

of

a

woman

with

whom

Poe

became

acquainted

when

he

was

ntly

she

treated

him kindly and

may have urged him or perhaps inspired

him to write poetry.

Beauty,as

Poe uses the word in the poem ,appears to

refer to the woman’s body as well as her soul.

On

the

one

hand

,he

represents

her

as

Helen

of

Troy

—

the

quintessence

（典范

）

of

physical

beauty-at

the

beginning of this poem.

On the other hand ,her represents her as Psyche

–

at

the end of the Greek,Psyche means soul.

I felt a Funeral, in my Brain---Emily Dickinson

I felt a Funeral, in my Brain,

And Mourners to and fro

Kept treading--treading--till it seemed

That Sense was breaking through--

And when they all were seated,

A Service, like a Drum--

Kept beating--beating--till I thought

My Mind was going numb--

And then I heard them lift a Box

And creak across my Soul

With those same Boots of Lead, again,

Then Space--began to toll,

As all the Heavens were a Bell,

And Being, but an Ear,

And I, and Silence, some strange Race

Wrecked, solitary, here--

And then a Plank in Reason, broke,

And I dropped down, and down--

And hit a World, at every plunge,

And finished knowing-- then--

在腦中

,

我感受到

< br>--

葬禮

,

哀悼者來來去去

不停地踩著

,

踩著

,

直到

意義像似快要有有所突破

當他們都坐定位後

,

葬禮儀式

,

像隻鼓

不停地敲打

< br>,

敲打

,

直到

< br>

我心已麻木為止

然後我聽到他們抬起棺木

再次地

,

以那些同樣的鉛鞋

傾踩過我的靈魂

然後空間< /p>

,

開始響起喪鐘

所有的天堂就像個鈴鐺

存在

,

就像是只耳朵

而我和靜默是某種奇怪的族類

翻覆於此

,

孤單寂寞

然後理性的支架

,

崩裂

,

我掉落

,

又掉落

猛然地撞到一個世界

然後豁然開朗透徹明白

The meter of the poem is in the classic ballad meter

style of Dickinson, and gives the poem a grave tone. It

adds to the message of the poem with it rhythmic tone

similar to that of a funeral hymn.

I

died

for

Beauty

—

but

was

scarce

---Emily

Dickinson

Adjusted in the tomb

When One who died for Truth, was lain

In an adjoining Room

—

??

He questioned softly,

”

why I failed

”

? (Why I died)

“

For Beauty,

”

I replied

—

“

And I for Truth

—

Themselve

are

One (beauty and truth

are one)

We Brethren, are,

”

he said

—

( we are brothers)

??

And so, as Kinsmen, met a Night

—

We talked between the Rooms

—

Until the moss(

苔藓

) had reached our lips

—

And covered up

—

our names

—

我为美死去，但是还不曾

安息在我的墓里，

又有个为真理而死去的人

来躺在我的隔壁。

他悄悄地问我为何以身殉？

―

为了美，

‖

我说。

―

而我为真理，两者不分家；

我们是兄弟两个。

‖

于是象亲戚在夜间相遇，

我们便隔墙谈天，

直到青苔爬到了唇际，

将我们的名字遮掩。

The ultimate effect of this poem is to show that every

aspect of human life--ideals, human feelings, identity

itself--is erased by death. But by making the erasure

gradual--something

to

be

to

in

the

tomb--and by portraying a speaker who is untroubled

by her own grim state, Dickinson creates a scene that

is, by turns, grotesque and compelling, frightening and

comforting. It is one of her most singular statements

about death, and like so many of Dickinson's poems, it

has no parallels in the work of any other writer.

I

heard

a

Fly

buzz

—

when

I

died

—

Emily

Dickinson

I heard a Fly buzz

—

when I died

—