-
不带
to
不定式的十八种情况
< br>
动词不定式通常带有符号
to
，
叫做带
to
的动词不定式
(infinitive with
，
动词不定
式有时不带符号
to
，叫做不带
to<
/p>
的动词不定式
(infinitive
without
不带
to
的动词不定式通常有下面十八种情
况：
一、与助动词
do
< br>连用构成谓语动词的否定、疑问和强调形式。
(1)He does not work in the
factory.
他不在这家工厂上班。
(2)Does she work
here
？
她在这儿上班吗？
(3)I did not see her
yesterday.
我昨天没有看见她。
(4)Did they take you
home?
他们把你送回家了吗？
(5)He does look
tired.
他看上去的确累了。
(6)They did come
yesterday.
他们昨天确实来了。
二、与情态动词连用构成复合谓语
(1)I can speak
English.
我会说英语。
(2)May I come
in?
我能进来吗？
(3)Dare
he swim across the river?
他敢游过这条河吗？
(4)We
must work, and above all we must believe in oursel
ves.
我们必须工作，
首
先我们要信
得过自己。
(5)Could you do
something for me?
你能为我做点事吗？
(6)You shall go at
once.
你得马上走。
(7)He
might be working in the office now.
他这会儿可能正在上班。
(8)I
don't think you need have come yesterday.
我觉得你昨天没必要来。
(9)They should be here by now.
他们这会儿应该到了。
(10)If
you will go into the fields
and turn over a few big stones,
you are sure to
uncover a
city of ant
如果你愿意去田间掀开几块大石头，你肯定能
发现一个“义民城”
。
但与情
态动词
ought(to)
连用时通常带
to
，和
used(to)
连用时必
须带
to
三、在表示感觉的动词如：
see,
look
at,
watch,
hear,
listen
to,
feel,
notice,
observe, perceive(
觉察，看见
),behold
（书面用语
“
< br>见到
”
）等后用作宾语补足语
的
动词不定。
(1)I saw her cross the
street.
我看见她过了大街。
(2)He looked at the children walk up
the hill.
他看着孩子们上了山。
(3)I watched the boy cross the
road.
我看到那男孩过了马路。
(4)I heard her play the
piano.
我听见她弹钢琴了。
(5)He listened to us
talk.
他听我们说话。
(6)I
felt the floor move.
我感到地板动了。
(7)I didn’t notice you
enter.
我没注意到你进来。
(8)He observed someone open the
door.
他注意到有人把门打开。
(9)I did not perceive anyone come
in.
我没察觉有人进来。
(10)He beheld her go
out.
他见她出去了。
但除
notice, watch
不用
被动语态外，
上述动词变成被动语态时，
其后的动
词不定式就不省
to
(1)She was
seen to cross
street.
有人看见她过了马路。
(2)She was heard to play the
piano.
有人听见她弹钢琴。
四、
使役动词
make, let,
have, bid, leave(=let)
后作宾语补足语的动词不定式
不带
to
(1)You may take a horse to the water,
but you can't make him drink.
马到河边是
小事，让它喝水难上难。
(2)I'll
let him do it.
我会让他做这事的。
(3)Don't forget to have them
come.
别忘了让他们来。
(4)Bid him go
home.
吩咐他回家。
(5)Leave him
go.
让他走。
动词
have
通常不用于被动语态，
make
和
bid
可用于被动语态，
let
偶尔也
可用于被动态，用作主语补足语的动词不定式通常
带
to
，但在
make
和
let
后
有时可以不带
to
(1)John was made
to wash the truck for a week as a punishment.
约翰被罚洗一
个礼拜的卡车。
(2)He was made(to)
laugh.
他被逗笑了。
(3)The child was let(to) do
it.
这个孩子被迫做这事。
五、<
/p>
never
与
know
< br>连用其后作宾语补足语的动词不定式可省
to
，其时态<
/p>
多为完成时态。
(1)I never knew him
act without thinking.
我从来不知道他那么
莽撞。
(2)I've never known it snow in July
before.
我以前从来不知道七月会下雪。
(3)I had never known her ask for pity
before.
我以前不知道她会乞求怜悯。
有时
ev
er
与
known
连用也有上述用法。
(1)Have you ever known me
tell a lie?
你知道我撒过谎吗？
六、
在
find
后
作宾语补定语的动词不定式有时可以省
to
，
< br>但如动词为
be
，
那么一般不省
to
，要省一起省略
< br>
(1)We found the farm crops(to) do
well.
我们发现这个农场庄稼长势很好。
(2)I find the Chinese people to be
happy and
cheerful.
我发现中国人很快乐。
(3)I found this to be true in all the
cities.
关于这一点，我发现每个城市都是如
此。
(4)We found him (to be)
honest/dishonest.
我们发现他诚实（不诚实）
。
七、在
cannot but, cannot help
but, can not choose but,
had
better(best),would(had)
rather(sooner)…than…,
would
as soon…as…
后的动词不定一般不带
to
(1)When the country calls
you for help,
you cannot but
go.
当国家需要你的时