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莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首的英文评论和赏析
18
18
我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？
虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和：
狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断，
May,
夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过；
date:
有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热，
shines,
它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗；
而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落，
被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜；
untrimmed:
但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽，
你所拥有的美貌也不会消失，
死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫，
shade,
当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时；
只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛，
see,
我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。
Shall I compare thee to a
summer's day?
Thou art more
lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds
of
And summer's lease hath
all too short a
Sometime
too hot the eye of heaven
And often is his gold complexion
dimmed,
And every fair from fair
sometime declines,
By
chance, or nature's changing course
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that
fair thou ow'st,
Nor shall
death brag thou wander'st in his
When in eternal lines to time thou
grow'st,
So long as men can
breathe, or eyes can
So long lives
this, and this gives life to thee.
注：第
1
1
行语出《旧约
?
诗篇》第
23
篇第
4
节：
“
虽然我穿行于死荫之幽谷，但
我不怕罹祸，因
为你与我同在
……”
英文赏析：
This
is
one
of
the
most
famous
of
all
the
sonnets,
justifiably
so. But it would
be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for
it
links in with so many of the other
sonnets through the themes of the
descriptive power of verse; the ability
of the poet to depict the fair
youth
adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed
through being
hymned in these 'eternal
lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is
full of confidence that his verse will
live as long as there are people
drawing breath upon the earth, whereas
later he apologises for his poor
wit
and
his
humble
lines
which
are
inadequate
to
encompass
all
the
youth's
excellence. Now,
perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no
such
self-doubt and the eternal summer
of the youth is preserved forever in
the
poet's
lines.
The
poem
also
works at a rather curious level of achieving its
objective through dispraise. The
summer's day is found to be lacking in so
many respects (too short, too hot, too
rough, sometimes too dingy), but
curiously enough one is left with the
abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is
in fact like a summer's day at its
best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the
darling buds of May, and that all his
beauty has been wonderfully highlighted
by the
comparison
。
这是整体赏析
1. Shall I compare thee to
a summer's day?
This is
taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare
thee etc?' The stock
comparisons of the
loved one to all the beauteous things in nature
hover in the
background throughout. One
also remembers Wordsworth's lines:
We'll talk of sunshine and of song,
And summer days when we were young,
Sweet childish days which
were as long
As twenty days are now.
Such reminiscences are indeed
anachronistic, but with the recurrence of
words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song',
'sweet', it is not difficult to see the
permeating influence of the Sonnets on
Wordsworth's verse.
2. Thou art more lovely and more
temperate:
The youth's
beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer
day. more
temperate - more gentle, more
restrained, whereas the summer's day might
have violent excesses in store, such as
are about to be described.