-
学论文英文摘要常用句型
英文摘要一般须以第
三人称、过去式叙述。用词准确,逻辑性强,结构严谨。结果和结论一
般用句子表达;而
目的、方法(设计、地点和对象)等,则常用短语表达。
(
p>
1
)英文摘要的时态与语态
p>
1)
说明研究目的,通常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
2)
说明
方法和结果,一般用一般过去时、第三人称的被动语态表达。
3
p>
)结论通常用一般现在时、被动语态表达,也可用主动语态表达。
p>
(
2
)常用句型
1)
表达论文内容的常用句型
A
第三人称主动态
①
This paper(article
,
report)describes
?本文叙述?
②
This paper
(article)reports
?本文报告?
③
This report(paper
,
article)presents
?本文介绍?
④
This paper(arti
cle
,
report)discusses
< br>?本文讨论?
常用的动词还有
< br>analyze(
分析
)
,
p>
evaluate(
评价
)
,
compare(
比较
)<
/p>
,
describe
(描述)等。
B
第一人称主动态
⑤
We
report(on)
?我们报告?
⑥
We describe a case
of
?
我们描述
1
例?
⑦
In this
paper
,
we
present
?
本文介绍?
⑧
In this
paper
,
we
report
?
本文报告?
主语除
we
之外,还可用
the autho
rs(
作者
)
等。
C
一般现在时被动语态
⑨
A case is reported in
which
?
本文报告
1
例?
⑩
A study
of
?
is
reported
本文报告?的研究
⑧?<
/p>
is(are)described
.
本文描述?
⑥
In this paper
.?<
/p>
is(are)presented
.
本文介绍?
2)
表达目的常用句型
A
一般过去时、被动语态
①
The purpose
(
aim
,
objective
< br>)
of this study was
to
?
本研究旨在?
②
The goal
(
aim
)
of this
investigation was to
?
本研究旨在?
③
This study was designed
to
?
本研究旨在?
④
This study was undertaken
to
?
本研究旨在?
⑤
This prospective study was
performed to
?
本前瞻性研究的目的是?
⑥
A study
to
?
was carried out(during) (
在?期间
)
所作研究的目的是?
⑦
An attempt has
been made to
?
为了?而作试验
B
动词不定式短语
To
evaluate
,
report
,<
/p>
investigate
,
study<
/p>
,
analyze
?
C
一般过去时、主动语态
p>
⑧
We
(
the
authors
)
conducted a study
to
?
为了?我们进行了研究
⑨
To
determine
?,
we
studied
?
为了确定?,我们研究了?
⑩
In an attempt
to
?,
in an effort
to
?或
in order
to
?,
we carried out a pilot
study
?
为
了?,我们进行了?的初步研究
p>
表示目的的常用动词有:
evaluate(
评价
)
,
examine(
检查,
观察
)
,
determine(
确定,
查明
)
,
elucidate(
阐明
)
,
explore(
探索
)
,
test(<
/p>
测试
)
,
com
pare(
比较
)
,
< br>estimate(
评估
)
,<
/p>
assess(
估价
)
< br>,
investigate(
调查
)
等。
3)
表达方法的常用句型
A
方法
表达研究类型
Prospective, Retrospective,
Cohort
,
Case-
control
,
in vivo, in vitro
p>
①
Using
?
(
technique)
,
we
studied
?
我们用?
(
技术
)
研究了?
p>
②
Using
?,
it was found
that
?
(
我们
)
用?发现了?
③?
was(were)measured
using
?
(
我们
)
用?测定了?
④?
was(were)analyzed
< br>(
reviewed
)
by
?
(<
/p>
我们
)
用?分析(回顾)了?
⑤?
was(were)treated
with
?
(
我们
)
用?治疗了?
⑥?
measurements were made
of
?
测定了?
常用的动词还有:
study
,
measure
,
determine
,
investigate
,
isolate
,
demonstrate
,
examine
,
identify
< br>等。
B
分组
(主语通常为
patients
,
su
bjects
,
animals
)
p>
⑦?
were randomly
divided
(
grouped
)
into
?
groups
?被随机分成?组
⑧?
were separated
into
?
groups based
on
?
根据?,将?分成?组
⑨
The groups were as
follows
:
分组如下:
C
治疗或检查方法
⑩?
was performed<
/p>
(
used
)
in (on)
?
patients
我们对?患者施行(应用)了?
(patients)
underwent
?
endoscopy (
患者
)
进行了?内镜检查
Surgical procedures,
assay(immunohistochemistry, molecular
biology
?
)
手术方法,
p>
测试方
法?
C
统计学方法
Statistical methods: Student’s t test,
χ2 … was used for
4)
表达结果的常用句型
A
一般句型
①
The
results showed
(
demonstrated
)
that
?结果表明?
②
It was found
that
?
(
我们
)
发现?
③
It was observed
that
?
(
我们
)
观察到?
第②和③句也可改为第一人称:
We found
that
?和
We observed
that
?。
B
增加或减少
④?
decreased by(40
%
)
?降低
(40
%
)
?
⑤?
(a
70
%
) reduction
in
?
was observed
?
观察到?降低
(70
%
)
⑥
There was
a(15
%
) elevation in
??增高
(15
%
)
⑦?
resulted in (a marked)
increase in
?
?导致?
(
明显
)
增高
⑧?
was lowered fr
om
?
to
?
?从?下降到?
表达增
加或减少的常用动词还有
rise
,
r
aise
,
decline
,
drop
,
fall
,
lower
等。可用
by
表
示是净增减的数或倍数,例如“?
increas
e
by
40
%”
< br>,表示“增加
40
%”
;而
p>
to
表示增加或
减少到某个具体数值。
p>
C
相关与差别
⑨
There was a significant
linear correlation between
?
a
nd
?
?与?有显著的线性相关性
⑩?
showed no strong
correlation between
?
and
?
?显示?与?无密切相关性
⑩?
correlated positively
with
?
?与?呈正相关
⑥
A negative correlation was
found between
?
and
?
发现?与?呈负相关
⑩
There was
(
were
)
(
no
)
significant difference
< br>(
s
)
or
< br>(
No
)
significan
t
difference
(
s
)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇:原因结果目的状语从句讲解和练习答案
下一篇:原因结果目的状语从句讲解和练习(答案)