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论文英文摘要常用句型

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2021-02-02 00:25
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2021年2月2日发(作者:尺子英语)


学论文英文摘要常用句型



英文摘要一般须以第 三人称、过去式叙述。用词准确,逻辑性强,结构严谨。结果和结论一


般用句子表达;而 目的、方法(设计、地点和对象)等,则常用短语表达。








1


)英文摘要的时态与语态







1)


说明研究目的,通常用一般现在时或一般过去时。








2)


说明 方法和结果,一般用一般过去时、第三人称的被动语态表达。







3


)结论通常用一般现在时、被动语态表达,也可用主动语态表达。








2


)常用句型







1)


表达论文内容的常用句型







A


第三人称主动态








This paper(article


report)describes


?本文叙述?








This paper (article)reports


?本文报告?








This report(paper



article)presents


?本文介绍?








This paper(arti cle



report)discusses

< br>?本文讨论?







常用的动词还有

< br>analyze(


分析


)



evaluate(


评价


)



compare(


比较


)< /p>



describe


(描述)等。







B


第一人称主动态








We report(on)


?我们报告?








We describe a case of


?



我们描述

1


例?








In this paper



we present


?



本文介绍?








In this paper



we report


?



本文报告?







主语除


we


之外,还可用


the autho rs(


作者


)


等。






C


一般现在时被动语态








A case is reported in which


?



本文报告


1


例?








A study of


?


is reported


本文报告?的研究







⑧?< /p>


is(are)described




本文描述?








In this paper


.?< /p>


is(are)presented




本文介绍?







2)


表达目的常用句型







A


一般过去时、被动语态








The purpose



aim



objective

< br>)



of this study was to


?



本研究旨在?








The goal



aim




of this investigation was to


?



本研究旨在?








This study was designed to


?



本研究旨在?








This study was undertaken to


?



本研究旨在?








This prospective study was performed to


?



本前瞻性研究的目的是?








A study to


?


was carried out(during) (


在?期间


)


所作研究的目的是?








An attempt has been made to


?



为了?而作试验







B


动词不定式短语







To evaluate



report


,< /p>


investigate



study< /p>



analyze


?






C


一般过去时、主动语态








We



the authors



conducted a study to


?



为了?我们进行了研究








To determine


?,


we studied


?



为了确定?,我们研究了?








In an attempt to


?,


in an effort to


?或


in order to


?,


we carried out a pilot study


?




了?,我们进行了?的初步研究







表示目的的常用动词有:


evaluate(


评价


)



examine(


检查,


观察


)



determine(


确定,


查明

< p>
)



elucidate(


阐明


)



explore(


探索


)



test(< /p>


测试


)



com pare(


比较


)


< br>estimate(


评估


)


,< /p>


assess(


估价


)

< br>,


investigate(


调查


)


等。







3)


表达方法的常用句型







A


方法







表达研究类型



Prospective, Retrospective, Cohort



Case- control



in vivo, in vitro







Using


?


( technique)



we studied


?



我们用?


(


技术


)


研究了?








Using


?,


it was found that


?



(


我们


)


用?发现了?







③?


was(were)measured using


?



(

我们


)


用?测定了?







④?


was(were)analyzed

< br>(


reviewed




by


?



(< /p>


我们


)


用?分析(回顾)了?

< p>






⑤?


was(were)treated with


?



(


我们


)


用?治疗了?







⑥?


measurements were made of


?



测定了?







常用的动词还有:


study



measure



determine



< p>
investigate



isolate



demonstrate



examine



identify

< br>等。







B


分组 (主语通常为


patients



su bjects



animals








⑦?


were randomly divided



grouped




into


?


groups


?被随机分成?组







⑧?


were separated into


?


groups based on


?



根据?,将?分成?组








The groups were as follows




分组如下:







C


治疗或检查方法







⑩?



was performed< /p>



used




in (on)


?


patients


我们对?患者施行(应用)了?







(patients) underwent


?


endoscopy (


患者


)


进行了?内镜检查







Surgical procedures, assay(immunohistochemistry, molecular biology


?


)


手术方法,


测试方


法?







C


统计学方法







Statistical methods: Student’s t test, χ2 … was used for







4)


表达结果的常用句型




A


一般句型








The results showed



demonstrated




that


?结果表明?








It was found that


?



(


我们


)


发现?








It was observed that


?



(


我们


)


观察到?







第②和③句也可改为第一人称:


We found that


?和


We observed that


?。







B


增加或减少







④?


decreased by(40



)


?降低


(40


)


?







⑤?


(a 70



) reduction in


?


was observed


? 观察到?降低


(70



)







There was a(15



) elevation in

??增高


(15



)






⑦?


resulted in (a marked) increase in


?



?导致?


(


明显


)


增高







⑧?


was lowered fr om


?


to


?



?从?下降到?







表达增 加或减少的常用动词还有


rise



r aise



decline



drop



fall



lower


等。可用


by



示是净增减的数或倍数,例如“?


increas e


by


40


%”

< br>,表示“增加


40


%”


;而


to


表示增加或


减少到某个具体数值。







C


相关与差别








There was a significant linear correlation between


?


a nd


?



?与?有显著的线性相关性







⑩?


showed no strong correlation between


?


and

< p>
?



?显示?与?无密切相关性







⑩?


correlated positively with


?



?与?呈正相关








A negative correlation was found between


?


and


?



发现?与?呈负相关








There was


< p>
were




no



significant difference

< br>(


s



or

< br>(


No



significan t difference



s


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