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中考英语专题复习六:状语从句的考点讲解
【考点直击】
时间状语从句
导。
原因状语从句
条件状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
让步状语从句
比较状语从句
地点状语从句
when, as, while, before, after, since,
till, not……until, as soon
as
等连词来引
because, since, as, for,
now that, etc.
if,
unless
(除非)
,
in order that, so that,
so…that, so that, such…that,
though, although, even if,
even though, however, whatever,
as…as, so…as, than,
where, wherever
【名师点睛】
用来修饰主句中的动词
,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,
地点状语
从句,条件状语从句,
原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状
语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从
句。状语从句可置主语之前,也可置于主语之后。前
置时,从句后用逗号与主句隔开;后置时,与主句之间
无标点符号。
时间状语从句
(1)
时间状语从句常用
when/
as/ while
,
before, after,
since, till, until, as soon
as
等连词来引导。
例如:
It was raining hard when I got to
school yesterday.
While he
was doing his homework, the telephone
rang.
As he walked along the
lake, he sang happily.
He
had learned a little Chinese before he came to
China.
After he finished
middle school, he went to work in a
factory.
when
、
as
和
while
的区别:
1
)
when
引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬间动词。并且
when
有时表示“就在那
时”。
例如:
When she came in, I stopped
eating.
她进来时,我停止吃饭。
(
瞬间动词
)
When I lived in the countryside, I used
to carry some water for him.
当我住在农村时,我常常为他担水。
(延续性的动词)
We were about
to leave when he came in.
我们就要离开,就在那时他进来
了。
(
瞬间动词
)
2
)
While
引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的,并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)
。并
且
while
有时还可以表示对比。
例如:
While my wife was reading the
newspaper, I was watching TV.
(was
reading
是延续性的动词,
was
reading
和
was
watching
同时发生
)
I like playing
football while you like playing basketball.
我喜欢踢足球,而你喜欢打篮球。
(对比)
3
)
As
表示“一边…
…一边”,
as
引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句和从
句动作同时发生;
as
也
可
以强调“一先一后。
例如:
We always sing as we walk.
我们
总是边走边唱。
(
as
表示“一边……
一边”)
As we was going out, it
began to snow.
当我们出门时,开始下雪了。
(
as
强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发
生,而不强调开始下雪的特定时间)
(2)
在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to
New York.
I will tell him
everything when he comes back.
He won’t believe it until he sees it
with his own eyes.
< br>(3)
在带有
till
或
until
引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,
其含义是“一直到……
时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是
“直到……才……”, “在……以前
不……”,
谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如:
The young man
read till the light went out.
Let’s wait until the rain
stops
.
We won’t start until Bob
comes.
Don’t get off until the bus
stops.
历年中考题:
( )1
. It’s quite common
in Britain to say “Thank you” to the
drivers
____people get off the
bus.
(2009·河南)
A. after B. since
C. until D. when
( )2. I will call you as soon as I
______ the ticket to the football match.
(2009·陕西绥
德)
A. will get
B. get
C. got
D. am getting
(
)
’s raining,
Daisy.
Please________ an umbrella with
you.
(2009·深圳)
---
Thanks. I’ll return it to
you
when I______ next
week
.
A. take, come
B. take, will
come
C.
bring
,
come
D. bring, will come
( )4. Peter likes reading a
newspaper____ he is having breakfast. (2010
.
河北省卷
,42. 1)
A. until
B. while
C. because
D.
though
( )
students didn’t
realize the
importance of study ___ they left school.
(2010.
江苏省盐城
市
12.
1)
A. when
B. until
C. as
D. after
( )
should go over your test paper _____ you hand it
in . (2010.
浙江省衢州市
23.
1)
A. before
B. though
C.
because
D. as soon as
( )
say
it
may
be
a
few
years
______it
is
possible
to
test
the
new
medicine
on
patients.
(2010.
江苏省无锡市
.12.
1)
A. because
B. after
C. before
D .since
( ).
Brown knew nothing about the good news ______his
wife told it to him.
(2010
广西南宁
32.
1
)
A.
before
B. after
C. since
D.
if
( )
won’t
start the meeting ______our teacher
arrives.
(
2010·天津市,
41
,
1
)
A.
though
B. until
C. while
D. or
条件状语从句
(1)
条件状语从句通常由
if,
unless=if
…
not
引导。
例如:
What shall we do if it
snows tomorrow
Don’t leave
the building unless I tell
you
to.
(2)
在条件状语从句里,谓
语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:
I’ll help you with your English if am
free tomorrow.
He won’t be
late unless he is ill.
(3)“祈使句
+ and (or)+
陈述句”
在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如:
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be
late.
Study hard and you
will pass the exam.
=If you
study hard, you will pass the exam.
If
和
w
hen
双面孔:
区分
if
和
when
引导宾语从句
和状语从句的不同:
When
引导时
间状语从句的时候意为“当…的时候”
,引导宾语从句的时候意为“什么时候”
;
If
引导条件状
语的时候意为“如果”
,引导宾语从句意为“是否”
。
( )1.
—
Mike wants to know if ___ a
picnic tomorrow
.
—
Yes. But if
it ___, we'll visit the museum instead
A. you have; will rain
B. you will have; will rain
C. you will have; rains
D. will you have; rains
( )2.
—
Do you
know when he ___ back tomorrow
—
Sorry, I don't. When he ___
back, I'll tell you
A.
comes; comes
B.
comes; will come
C. will
come; comes
D. will come;
will come
历年中考题:
( )1. Tommy, do you know if Frank
______ to the zoo this Sunday if it _______
(2009·湖北孝
感)
—
Sorry, I have no idea.
A. will go; is fine
B. goes; is
fine
C. will go; is going to be fine
D. goes; will be fine
( )2. If I find his
phone number, I ______ you.
(
2009.
北京)
A. tell
B. told
C. will tell
D. have told
(
)3.
I
bet
Mrs.
Black
will
come
to
help
us
with
the
celebration
if
she
______
too
busy
tomorrow.
(2009·吉林通化)
A. is
B. will be
C.
won’t be
D.
isn’t
( )4.
—
David, turn off the
TV________ no one is watching
it
.
(2009·深圳)
—
But it_______ off
already
!
The music is from
the radio
.
A. so
that , has been turned
B. when, has
turned
C. if, has been turned
D. because, has
turned
( )
don’t know if i
t ______
tomorrow. If it
______,we won’t go on a
picnic.
(2010.
四川省
内江市
39.
1)
A. rains; rains
B. will rain rains C.
will rain; will rain
(
)6.
—
Could we play football
in your playground, Sir (
2010·江苏省扬州市,
p>
,
41
)
--No, _____
you have the principal’s
note.
A. if
B. unless
C. because
D. since
( ) hear Jack Chan will come to
Laiwu next week. (
2010·山东省莱芜市,
27
,
1
)
--Really _______ he comes, my
younger sister will be very happy,
A
.
If
B
.
Until
C
.
Unless
D
.
Bef
ore
原因状语从句
(1)
原因状语从句通常由
because, since,
as
引导。例如:
He
didn’t come to school because he was
ill.
As it is raining, we
shall not go the zoo.
Since
you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone
else.
(2)because
表
示直接原因,语气最强。
Because
引导的原因状语从句多
放在主句之后。回答由
why
提出的问
题,只能用
because
。
As
p>
和
since
语气较弱,一般用来表示明显
的原因。由
as
和
since
引导的原因状语
从
j
句
多放在句首。例如:
------
Why aren’t going
there
------
Because I
don’t
want to.
As
he has no car, he can’t get there
easily.
Since we have no
money, we can’t buy it.