-
2019
年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题
19
短文填空
考点
1
首字母填空
Passage
1
（
2019
?
天津市
）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整．每空限填一词。
The villagers in
Mhangeni
，
Africa
．
faced a very big challenge
（挑
战）
．
They didn't have a school
for their
kids
．
Then the village elder thought of an
（
1
）
i
．
He said that
there was an old
，
abandoned
（废弃的）
fa
rmhouse
．
It could
be changed into classrooms after cleaning and furn
ishing
（装设备）
it
．
All the villagers were
（
2
）
p
leased
with
his suggestion and started the project
immediately
．
The
parents repaired the broken
walls
．
Some villagers
（
3
）
d
the house into three
classrooms by using pieces of
wood
．
The others
helped
make desks and chairs for the
students
．
Still
，
there was much more work to
do
．
But the rains
were coming
．
They
had to
（
4
< br>）
s
working for the school as
it was now the best time for them to
plant
．
So the
children of Mhangeni decided to finish the house
by
（
5
）
t
．
They had to hurry as summer
had
ended and other schools had already
opened
．
They didn't want to
delay
（耽搁）
their
studies
．
Every
day they were
busy with cutting the
grass and clearing the
bushes
（灌木）
．
The news about the project
（
6
）
s
and many people
knew it
．
Two
teachers who worked for the country's
Department of
Education arrived to help
out
．
and two
foreign visitors were also touched
（
感动）
by the children's
（
7
）
a
．
They donated
money for them to buy textbooks and
stationery
．
After
10 days of hard work
，
the new school was
（
< br>8
）
r
．
The
kids were very happy but a bit
worried
﹣
they were behind in
their studies
．
Be
sides
（除
…
之外）
this
，
they
also faced many
（
9
）
d
．
There were not enough
classrooms to hold all
the
students
．
And two
or three students had to share one
book
．
However
，
the children are happy to study in scho
ol
﹣（
10
）
e
in their new school which they helped
to
build
．
Though their school might not be
modern
，
their
dream of having a school near their homes has come
true
．
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】非洲<
/p>
Mhangeni
的村民面临一个严重的问题．他们村子没有学校
，他们一起努力给孩子们
建了一所学校，虽然学校很简陋，但是孩子们还是很开心能在学
校学习．
1
．
idea
【解析】考查名词；分析语境，此处表示：村子里的老者想出来一个主意．
i
开头的单词，
idea
意
见，想法．符合语境．故答案为：
idea
．
2
．
pleased
【解析】考查形容词；分析语境，此处表示
：所有的村民对他的建议很满意，并开始开始了这
个工厂．
p<
/p>
开头的单词，
pleased
满意的，<
/p>
be pleased with
对
……
满意．符合语境．故答案为：
pleased
< br>．
3
．
divided
【解析】考查动词
；分析语境，此处表示：有一些村民用一些木板把房子分成几个教室．
d
开
divide
分开，
div
ide
……
into
把
……
分成
……
符合语境．
divide
头的单词，
根据语境，
需要使用一般过去时，
的过去式为
divid
ed
．故答案为：
divided
．<
/p>
4
．
stop
【解析】考查动词；分析语境，此处表示：他们不得不停止工作，因为现在对他们来说，
是最好
s
开头，
stop
停止，
stop
doing
停止做．
had to
后面
接动词原形．
stop
．
的种植的时间．
符合语境．
故答案为：
5
．
themselves
【解析】考查反身代词；分析语境，此处表示：所以，
M
hangeni
的孩子们决定自己完成这
个房子，
themselves
他们自己，符合语境．故答案为：
themselves
．
6
．
spread
【解析】考查动词；此处意思为：关于这个项目的消息传播出去，很多人都知道它了．
s
开头，
spread
传播，
spread
的过去式是
spread
．
spread
．
<
/p>
符合语境．
根据语境，
此处需要用一般过
去时，
故答案为：
7
．
actions
【解析】考查名词；分析语境，此
处表示：而且，两个外国游客也被孩子们的行动感动了．
a
<
/p>
开头的词，
action
行动，
可数名词，
此处表示孩子们的行动，
用可数名词
的复数形式．
故答案为：
actions
．
8
．
ready
< br>
【解析】考查形容词；分析语境，此处表示：经过
1
0
天的努力工作后，新学校已经准备好了．
r
< br>开头的词，
ready
准备好的．符合语境．故答案为：
ready
．
9
．
difficulties
d
开头，
difficulty
【解析】
考查名词；
分析语境，
此处表示：
除此之外，
他们还面临了很多困难．
困难，可数名词，前面有
many
，此处需
要用名词复数形式．
difficulty
的复数形式是
difficulties
．故答案
为：
difficulties
．
10
．
especially
【解析】考查副词；分析语境，此处表示：然而，孩子们很开心在学校里学习﹣
﹣尤其是
在他们帮助建的新学校里．
e
开头的词，
especially
尤其．符合语境．故答案为：
especially
．
【点评】此类题目，需要分析语境，并且需要熟记单词，再结合语法结构，便可得出正确答案．
Passage
2
（
2019
?
湖北省武汉市
）
< br>阅读下面短文，在空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。
It was at an exhibition of the artist’s
works organized by the Red Cross. I was invited as
a special g
___51___to
attend
the exhibition. During this period, two cute girls
of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for
my
signature(
签名
).
“I haven’t brought my pen.
Is the
p
___52___
okay?” Actually, I
knew they wouldn’t r
___53___. I just
wanted
to show a well-
known
writer’s good manners to the
c
___54___readers.
“Certainly,” the young
girls readily a
___55___. I could see
they were very excited. Of course, their
excitement
also made me feel more
pleased and satisfied. One of the girls
h___56___her fine notebook to me. I turned over
the
cover of the notebook, wrote a few
words of encouragement n____57____and signed my
name. The girl read my
signature,
frowned (
皱眉
), looked at me
carefully and asked, “Aren’t you Robert
Char?”
“No,” I told her
proudly, “I’m the author of
Alice
Adams
, the w___58___
of two
Pulitzer Prizes.”
The young
girl turned to the o___59___,shrugged
(
耸肩
) and said, “Mary, lend
your rubber to me.”
At that
moment, all my p____60____turned into a
bubble (
泡泡
) immediately.
Since then, I always warn myself: no matter
how outstanding you are, don’t think
highly of yourself.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文
章难度适中，主要讲述我应邀参加红十字会举办的艺术家作品展，之前我非常的
自豪和骄
傲。两个小女孩找我要签名，我给其中一个女孩签完名后，女孩非常吃惊，我不是罗伯特查尔，
< br>我在那里自夸自己获得两次普利策奖。然而这个小女孩向另一个小女孩借了橡皮擦掉了我的签名。自此，< /p>
作者经常警示自己：无论你多么优秀，不要过高地赞扬你自己。
51. guest
句意“我作为一个特邀嘉宾参加了这个展览”。
guest
客人，
根据句意可知，
< br>表示“特邀嘉宾”。
且根据空前
a
可知，用单数，故填
guest
。
52.
pencil
句意“我没带钢笔，铅笔可以吗？”。根据
Mary,
lend your rubber to me
可知，一个女孩向另
< br>pencil
铅笔，
一个女孩
借橡皮擦我的签名，
所以空处表示“铅笔”。
且根据
is
可知，
用单数，
故填
pencil
。
53. refuse
句意“事实上，我知道他们不会拒绝”。根据
I just
wanted to show a well-known
writer
’
s good
manners to the c___4___readers
可知，我认为她们不会拒绝，我只想向普通的读者展示一个著名的作家的
好的行为。
refuse
拒绝，且根据空前
wou
ldn’t
可知，用动词原形，故填
refuse
。
54.
common
句意“
我仅仅想向普通的读者展示一个著名的作家的好的行为”。根据首字母可知，表示
“普通
的读者”。
common
普通的，故填
common
。
55.
agreed
句意““当然”，这个小女孩很乐意地同意了”。根据文意可
知，我没有带钢笔，所以问他
们铅笔可不可以，他们同意用铅笔。
agree
同意，且根据全文可知，用一般过去时，故填
ag
reed
。
56. handed
句意“
其中的一个小女孩将她精美的笔记本递给我”。根据文意可知，小女孩找我要签名，
所以
他们将本子递给我。
hand
递，且根据全文可知，用一般过去
时，故填
handed
。
57.
naturally
句意“我翻开笔记本的封面，自然
而然地写了几个鼓励的词并且签了我的名字”。根据句
意可知，表示很自然地写下几个鼓
励的单词，且空处修饰动词
wrote
，用副词，故填
naturally
。
58. winner
句意“我是《寂寞芳心》的作者，两次普利策奖的获得者”。
根据
I told her proudly
可知，表
示我很自豪地告诉他们我是两次普利策奖的获奖者。
winner
赢家，获奖者，都是指“我”，用单数，故
填
winner
。
59. other
句意“这个年轻的女孩转向另一个女孩，
耸耸肩说：
把你的橡皮借给我”。
根据
During this period,
two cute girls of
16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my
signature
可知，是两个女孩，所以表示
“两者中另一
个”，用
the other
，故填
o
ther
。
60. pride
句意“
在那个时候，
所有我的自豪立刻都变成了泡沫”。
根据
I just wanted to show a well-known
writer
’
s good
manners to the c___4___readers
以及“
No,
”
I told her proudly
可知，之前我很自豪，所以我
的自豪变成了泡沫。根据空前
my
可知，空处用名词。
pride
自豪，故填
pride
。
Passage 3
（
2019
?
泰州市
）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。
Everyone knows
that second-hand smoke is as dangerous as first-
hand smoke. But have you h_____71_____ of
Third-hand smoke means the
pollution left on the surfaces
(
表面
) of things around,
l______72______ furniture
or clothes.
When someone smokes in a room, poisonous
particles(
粒子
) in tobacco
(
烟草
) smoke land on the
surfaces
of the furniture or his
clothes, even after the cigarette
(
香烟
) has been put out. This
can cause a great danger to your
family, e_____73_____younger children.
Babies
have
only
just
learned
to
walk.
They
are
more
likely
to
be
harmed
by
third-hand
smoke.
This
is
b_____74_____ they are often close to
surfaces of things. Such as floors, walls and
furniture where tobacco particles
remain. When they t_____75_____ these
surfaces, they get their hands polluted.
So,
it
is
necessary
and
important
to
say
n_____76_____
to
third-hand
smoke.
To
achieve
this,
strict
r_____77_____ for forbidding
(
禁止
) smoking inside homes
should be carved out. If one of your family
members
smokes,
please
make
sure
he
smokes
o____78____
the
house.
Get
him
a
special
jacket
and
hat,
so
once
he
f_____79_____ smoking, he will take
them off before getting inside the house.
Moreover, make sure that a smoker
washes his hands and face, and changes
his clothes before picking up the baby.
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