-
Chapter 5
Combination
（合译法）
Objectives:
＊
To
be aware of the major differences between Chinese
sentence structures and English ones
＊
To know about a translating
strategy- Combination
＊
To
learn how to achieve good combination
＊
To practice using
combination while translating
Main Contents
＊
Part I
Warm-up Exercise
＊
Part II
Introduction
Translating
Skill: Combination
＊
Part III
Combination in E-C
Translation
A. Words
B. Phrases
C. Idioms and
Slangs
D. Simple Sentences
E. Compound Sentences
F.
Complex Sentences
＊
Part IV
Combination in C-E
Translation
＊
Part V
Exercises
Part I Warm-up Exercise
Directions: Read the following
sentences and try to put them into Chinese.
1. In designing advertisements for
other countries, messages need to be
short and simple
.
2. He was very clean. His mind was
open.
3. She went back home to take
care of her husband. He was seriously ill.
4. It smelled a sweet, intense smell of
fruit.
5. Who told you to make such a
fuss over nothing?
Part II
Introduction
English and Chinese differ
greatly in sentence structure. If we follow the
original sentence
structure in
translation, we may find it hard to reproduce the
original thought. In addition to other
ways to deal with this case, we may
rearrange the sentence structure by
integrating two words,
phrases, or sentences into a single
expression or a simple sentence.
Combination
is
a
technique
employed
to
achieve
conciseness
and
contractedness
in
translation. In combination , we have
to determine what to combine, how to combine, what
the
subject
or
the
predicate
of
the
new
clause
or
sentence
should
be,
and
how
to
rearrange
various
parts of the
original sentence.
Part II Combination in E-C Translation
（合译法在英译汉中的应用）
A.
Words
（词的合译）
This
technique is used to integrate two words of close
meaning into one expression.
Examples:
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1. You will supply
financial power, and we’ll supply man power. Isn’t
that
fair and square
?
译文：你们出钱，我们出人，这难道还不公平吗？
2. His father is a man who
forgives and forgets
.
译文：他的父亲非常宽容。
3. Her son was
wise and clever
, but her
daughter was
silly and
foolish
.
译文：她的儿子非常聪明，可女儿却很笨。
4. He suffered
aches and pains
.
译文：他遭受百般疼痛。
5. He is a man of
culture
and learning
.
译文：他是个很有学问的人。
Try to translate:
1. He was kindly, generous and
obliging.
2.
He
was
jealous
and
envious
of
his
brother.
He
resented
that
his
younger
brother
was
so
successful.
B.
Phrases
(
固定词组的合译
)
Examples:
1.
All the ones we have seen here have
four-star abilities with five-star
ambitions
.
译文：我们在此看到的所有人都是些眼高手低之辈。
2.
He threw on a
coat and left home
in a
hurry
.
译文：他套上一件衣服，匆匆忙忙地离开了家里。
3.
I was
examined and re-examined
.
译文：我受到再三诘问。
4.
Kino hurrying
towards his house, felt
a surge of
exhilaration
.
译文：基洛加快步伐，兴致勃勃地朝自己家走去。
5.
The sooner he
changes his
mind
，
the better for him.
译文：还是越早叫他回心转意越好些。
Try to translate:
1. He likes to make
lengthy
speech.
2
. It’s obvious that
she is the one who
stands out from the
rest
.
C.
Idioms and
slangs
（习语、谚语和俚语的合译）
Examples:
1.
To be mindful
of personal gains and losses
译文：患得患失
2.
To be on thin
ice
译文：如履薄冰
3.
To be wild
with joy
译文：欣喜若狂
4.
Beyond cure
译文：不可救药
5.
To blow one’s
o
wn horn
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译文：自吹自擂
Try to translate:
1. To call white black
2.
As easy as turning over one’s
hand
3. To fish in troubled
waters
D
．
Simple
Sentences
（简单句的合译）
Examples:
1. He has been ill
for many years. He died in loneliness finally.
译文：他病了很多年。他最终在孤独中死去。
（
√
）
他生病多年后孤独的死去。
2.
The river is very wide. One cannot see the
opposite bank.
译文：那条河很宽。一个人看不到对岸。
（
√
）
河宽得看不到对岸。
3. He
came back to his hometown. He has left it for
quite many years.
译文：他回到了他的故乡。他离开它已经很多年了。
（
√
）他回
到了阔别已久的故乡。
4. He was very
stupid. H
e even didn’t know how to do
the simple counting.
译文：他很笨。他甚至不懂做简单的算数。
（
√
）他笨
得连简单的算数都不会。
5. There are men
here from all over the country. Many of them are
from the South.
译文：这里这些人都是从全国各地来的。他们当中很
多人是从南方来的。
（
√
）从全国各地来的这些人中有很多是南方人。
Try to translate:
1. He took
out a match and lit the candle. A light lit up the
darkness.
2.
She wasn’t
really listening. She was thinking about something
else.
3. We are all alike.
We all have families.
D.
Compound
Sentences
（并列复合句的合译）
Examples:
1.
In 1844 Engles met Marx, and they
became friends.
译文：
1844
年恩格斯遇见马克思，然后他们成为了朋友。
（
√
）
1844
年恩格斯与马克思相遇并成了朋友。
2.
The river
ran down to Pisa from Florence, and then it
reached the sea.
译文：那条河从佛罗伦萨流到比萨，然后到达大海。
（
√
）那条河从佛罗伦萨流经比萨入海。
3. It was in mid-August, and
the repair section operated under the blazing sun.
译文：时间是八月中旬，维修人员在烈日下工作。
（
√
）八月中旬，维修人员在烈日下工作。
4.
Mark
wasn’t able to escape from the fire. Neither were
the children.
译文：马克没能从火里逃生。孩子们也没能逃生。
（
√
）马克
和孩子都没能从火里逃生。
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