-
Unit4
Inside view
Conversation 1
Joe: So, you’re all set for the
interview with Janet’s Chinese
friend?
Andy: Sure, we’re meeting him tomorrow
at midday.
Joe:
And Janet, you’re OK to give Andy a
hand?
Janet:
Yes. Thank you very much for giving me another
chance after last week.
Joe: Just remind me...why are we
interviewing this guy? Andy: It’s part of our
background series
to ethnic restaurants
in London.
We did
Indian last month.
Joe: OK, well, just
remember that there’s no such thing as a
free
lunch!
Now,
anything else we need to do for next week’s
guide?
Andy:
We’ve got the upcoming London Video Games Festival
in Trafalgar Square.
Joe: Video games? In Trafalgar Square?
Andy: Yes, about 100,000
people attended last year. Janet: But how did they
do that outdoors?
Andy:
Well, they put up a huge tent ,and there were
demos of the latest game software to try
out.
Janet: Is
that the kind of event that we usually cover on
London Time off?
Andy:
Sure, why not? It’s very popular! Remember our
slog
an: the
essential guide to going out and
staying in.
Joe: Let’s plan
something for that...Can we try to think about
something which will go with it? You
know
，
something along the lines of
how
ways
of
getting
music
and
TV
into
our
homes
have
changed.
Andy:
You
mean
people
download music instead of buying CDs?
Joe:
Yes,
or
on
how
many
people
check
out
the
music
on
You
Tube
first.
That
all
sounds
very
promising. Maybe we can run a feature
on traditional
entertainment and new technology. Look,
I’ll let you
get on with the
rest of the planning and we’ll
speak
after lunch.
Joe:
那么，你们都要前往采访
Janet
的中国朋友
,
Andy:
当然，我们约好明天中午见面。
Joe: Janet,
你能做好
An
dy
的助手吧
?
Janet:
嗯，经历上周那件事后，很感谢你还能再给我一次机会
.
Joe:
这正好提醒了我，为什
么我们要采访这个家伙
?
Andy:
这是伦敦源民俗餐馆系列的一部分，我们上个月完成了印度那部分。
Joe:
好的，不
过记住
“
天下没有免费的午餐
”
～现在，对于下周的导航节目我们还有什么事要做吗
,
Andy:
我们打算做关于即将在特拉法尔加广场举行的伦敦节的内容。
Joe:
电子游戏
?
在特
拉法尔加广场
?
Andy:
是的，去年将近
100
，
000
人参
加了呢。
Janet:
但是他们是怎么在户外举办这次这场活动的呢
,
Andy:
他们搭建大的帐篷，那
里有许多最新的游戏软件的示范产品可供试玩。
Janet:
它就
是那种我们经常在伦敦假日上报道的事吗
< br>,
Andy:
当然，可不
就是嘛。它非常流行，记住我们的口号
:
出门或居家，我们都不
可或缺。
Joe:
让我们计划一下。尝试想一下什么东西可以与之相匹配。你知道的，现在获取音乐和
< br>电视节目的方式已经改变了。
Andy:
你的意思是说人们通过下载音乐而不是购买
CD
来获取音乐
,
Joe:
是的，或者说关于
现在有多
少人在
You
Tube
试听音乐。这
些听起来都很不错。或许我们可以做一个关于传统
娱乐方式和现代科技的特别报道。我会
让你们跟进剩余的计划。我们吃完饭再谈
Conversation 2
Janet: Going back to
technology and tradition...why not we do something
on the rise of
e-
book readers? Andy: That’s a good
idea. They’re not like books. They’re more
like
hand-held
computers.
Janet: But the
trouble is, every time I read a book on-screen, it
hurts
my eyes.
Andy: Yes, but the great
thing about them is you’ll never run
out of
things to
read!
Janet: But there is
nothing quite like a good old-fashioned book.
Andy: Maybe, but don’t you
read more words online than on paper?
I’m
sure I do.
Janet: Excuse me. I’d
better check this.
Andy: And you read more text messages
than anyone else! Joe: Is someone using mobile in
here?
Can’t you understand the
sign?
I’m doing
a recording in the other studio, and I’m picking
up the electronic signal.
Janet: Oh, it’s my fault. I should have
realize
d...
Andy: That serves you right!
Janet: Oh no, I keep making
such a mess of things! Andy: Just ignore him! It’s
no big deal!
Janet: But what you’re saying about
e
-
readers, that’s a good
lead
-in
to a
report on how new technology is changing so fast.
An
dy: It’s good, smart thinking,
Janet!
Janet:
And
I
also
messed
up
the
recording
with
Toby
Jenkins.
Andy:
Forget
about
it,
Janet!
Everyone could have done that. Joe
started
the recording
before I had time to adjust the level. It wasn’t
your fault.
Anyway
, somebody once said,
technology doesn’t run an enterprise,
relationships do. Don’t
beat yourself up about it.
Janet: I suppose that’s true. Well,
I’ll make sure I get it right next
time.
Janet:
回到科技与传统这个话题，我们何不在电子阅读器的增长这方面做些研
究。
Andy:
好主意，它们看起来并不像书，而更像是掌上电脑。
Janet:
但是缺点是，每当我在电子屏幕前看书，眼睛就会觉得刺痛。
Andy:
是的。但是他们也有个
突出的优点，你永远不用为没有阅读材料而发愁。
Janet:
但是他们始终比不上传统的好书。
Andy:
或许吧。但难道你不觉得你在网络上的阅读量远大
于在纸上的吗
,
我觉
得是这样的。
Janet:
不好意思，我最好还是看一下。
Andy:
而且你能比其他人阅读更多的文本信息。
Joe:
有人在使用移动电话吗<
/p>
,
拿到你看不懂这个标志
,
我正在工作室录音，
需要接收电子信号呢。
Janet:
噢，都是我的错。我本应该意识到的。
。
。
Andy:
这是你应得的待遇～
Janet:
唉，我为什么总是把事情弄的一团糟。
Andy:
忽略他吧，这没什么大不了的。
Janet:
你刚说电子阅读器什么的。那是一个关于现代科
技快速改变的报告的很
好的引入。
Andy:
非常好，你的思维很敏捷，
Janet.
Janet:
但是我同时也搞砸了
Toby
Jenkins
的节目录制
.
Andy:
别把它放心上，
Jane
t.
每个人曾经都犯过这样的错误。在我还没来得及
调整音量的时候
Joe
就已经开始录制节目了。这不是你的错。无论如何，曾有人
说过，科技不能创造成功，而关系可以。所以不要过分自责。
Janet:
我希望如此。我下次会小心，不再犯这样的错误。
Outside view
To
fly like a bird. It
’
s a
desire that captures the human imagination. The
Greeks told stories of
Daedalus, an
inventor who created wings made of wax and
feathers and flew. The first person
who
seriously tried to fly like a bird was an Italian
artist and inventor, Leonardo da Vinci. Da Vinci
designed complex and
wondrous flying machines, but his designs never
got off the ground. Early
inventors,
like da vinci, tried to fly by flapping, just like
birds. Here is what happens when a bird
flaps:
When a
bird flaps, thrust and lift and control are
created at the same time. Lift is the force that
keeps the bird elevated. Lift is
generated
by the air under
the bird
’
s wings. Thrust is
the force that keeps the
bird moving forward. Thrust is
generated by powerful muscles in the bird’s chest
and wings. The
bird maintains control
by constantly adjusting its flapping. Much of a
bird’s control is generated
by its
tail.
A
successful
flying
machine
needed
to
provide
the
same
forces
that
a
bird
used,
A
successful
flying
machine
needed
to
provide
lift
to
overcome
gravity,
control
to
let
the
driver
change
direction. And thrust to make it move
forward. And it needed to be light enough to stay
in the air.
Once
inventors
understood
these
three
challenges
separately,
and
stopped
trying
to
flap,they
made
progress. One inventor was the
Brazilian pilot
and
aviator
Alberto
Santos-Dumont.
Santos-Dumont
experimented
with
balloons.
He
flew
his
lighter-than-air flying
machines in France. In 1901, Santos-Dumont was the
first to fly from Sant
Cloud to the
Eiffel Tower and back in a given time. Meanwhile
other inventors were working on
heavier-than-air flying machines. With
these aircraft, lift was a big problem. German
flyer, Otto
Lilienthal, tackled the
problem of lift. He built many large gliders,
constantly refining their design.
Lilienthal made thousands of flights
from the top of a hill. Some that lasted as long
as five hours.
But he eventually died
in a tragic crash. Lilienthal successfully
mastered the challenge of lift, but
he
did not master the challenge of control. The
Wright Brothers were inspired by
Lilienthal’s
inventions. The Wright Brothers started
to develop and test their own flying machines. In
their
Ohio workshop, they built a wind
tunnel and study aerodynamics. Through trial and
error, they
discovered
how
the
shapes
of
different
wings
affected
lift.
They
added
a
tail
that
moved,
a
stabilizer that made the
front steady, and wings that were more flexible.
Their 1902 glider was
the
first
aircraft
that
was
completely
controllable.
The
next
year
they
added
a
customed-built
engine that
provided thrust. The engine
ththem forward and increased distance
and duration. On December 17, powered
1903, after about 1000 text flights,
the Wright Brothers flew the first powered
airplane over the
sand dunes of North
Carolina. Santos-Dumont invented heavier-than-air
planes, too. In 1909, he
developed a
monoplane called Demoiselle, or the Grass Hopper.
It was the first modern aircraft.
After
that, advances in aircraft design came quickly.
More powerful engines were invented. New
lightweight materials were developed so
aircraft could go higher and faster. By World War
Two,
strong
metal
replaced
the
canvas
and
wood
of
earlier planes.
In
1947,
text
pilot
Chuck
Yeager
went faster than the
speed of sound in a rocket-powered plane that
like a bullet with wings.
The invention of the jet engine made even looked
higher
speeds
possible
and
pushed
aircr
aft
design
in
new
directions.
But
technology
doesn’t
always push to go faster. With new
ultra-light
materials, the
human-powered gossamer makes it almost possible
for people to fulfill the age-old
desire and fly like a bird.
像鸟一样飞。这种渴望激发了人类的想象力。希腊人讲述了有关代达拉斯的
故事，他发明了用蜡和皮毛制作的翅膀并且飞了
起来。第一个认真地尝试像鸟一
样
飞起来的人是意大利的艺术家、发明家李奥纳多达芬奇。达芬奇设计了一种复
杂奇妙的飞行机器，但是他的设计从未实现。像达芬奇一样早
期的发明家，试着
通过鼓翼而飞，就像鸟一样。以下是当鸟拍打翅膀时发生的事
:
当一只鸟拍打翅膀时，推力和升力以及对飞行的控制都在同时
间产生。升力
是保持鸟上升的力。
它通过鸟翅膀下的空气流动产生。推力是保持鸟向前运动的
力，它由在鸟胸部和翅膀上强有力的肌肉产生。鸟通过持续不断地调整摆翅从而
维持对飞行的控制。一只鸟的飞行控制大部
分是由它的尾巴实现的。