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Listen this way
听力教程第三册
-2
Unit 2
Wildlife Conservation
Part
Ⅰ
Getting ready
gravely
：严重
species
：物种
extinct
：灭种
on the
brink
：在边缘
can't afford to wait any
more
：不能再等待
take action
：采取行动
abbreviations
：缩写
acronyms
：首字母缩略词
IUCN -- International Union
for the Conservation of
Nature
：世
界自然保护联盟
convention
：会议
;
全体与会者
;
国际
公约
;
惯例，习俗，规矩
CITES -- Convention on
International Trade in Endangered
Speci
es
：华盛顿公约，濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约
conservation
：
保存
;
保护
;
避免浪费
;
对自然环境的保护
UNEP -- United Nations
Environmental Program
：
联合国环境规
划署
WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature
：世界自然基金会
regulate
：调节
;
控
制，管理
promote the
conservation
：促进保护
under the auspices of
：在
…
的帮助或支持下
;<
/p>
有
…
赞助的
prohibit
：禁止
endangered
species
：濒危野生动植物种
encourage partnerships in doing
sth
：鼓励伙伴
partnership
：伙伴关系
;
合伙人身份
;
合作关系
;
合营公司
inspiring
information
：鼓舞人心的信息
improve their quality of
life
：改善生活品质
without
compromising
：不妥协
enable sb to do sth
：使
……
能
raise funds for
：筹款
giant panda
：大熊猫
a global
network
：全球网
Gland
：格兰德
Switzerland
：瑞士
biological
diversity
：生物多样性
ecosystem
services
：生态系统服务
variety
：种类
a breathable
atmosphere
：洁净的（能够呼吸的）空气
reduce in number
：数量减少
role
：任务
negligible
：以忽略的<
/p>
;
微不足道的
apes
：猿
whales
：鲸
seals
：海豹
marine
turtles
：海龟
walrus
：
海象
dolphins
：海豚
crocodiles
：鳄鱼
bludgeon
：攻击
;
威胁，强迫
campaign
：运动
sanctuaries
：庇护所
sea
sanctuary
：海洋保护区
protected-nesting sites
：受保护的营巢区
nesting site
：
营巢区
;
筑巢区
;<
/p>
巢址
pollute
：污染
ivory
：象牙
porpoise
：动鼠海豚
come into
force
：开始生效
habitat
：（动物的）栖息地，住处
compromise
：妥协
roll off
：辗轧
;
下降
breed
：繁殖
public appeal
：公众
诉求
;
呼吁
slaughter
：屠宰（动物）
;
大屠杀
make a
donation
：捐款
Wild animals and wild plants and the
wild places where they live
are gravely
threatened almost everywhere. One species has
become extinct in each year of this
century; and many hundreds
are now on
the brink. We can't afford to wait any more. It is
time that we take action.
A The following words and
phrases will appear in this unit.
Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1.
habitat
: the natural home of
a planet or animal
2.
species
: a group of plants
or animals of the same kind, which are
alike in all important ways and can
breed together
3.
bludgeon
: hit with a heavy
object
4.
census
: a count of a total
population
5.
logistics
: the planning and
implementation of the details of any
operation
6.
degrade
: bring down
7.
adversely
: in the manner of
going against, opposing
8.
refuge
: a place that
provides protection or shelter from danger
9.
aquatic
: living in or on
water
10.
mussel
: a small sea animal
living inside a black shell whose soft
body can be eaten as food
(
淡菜
)
11.
staple food
:
basic food or main food that one normally eats
12.
picky
eater
: someone who is very careful
about choosing only
what they like to
eat
13.
shrink
: to become or cause
to become smaller in size
14.
case study
: a
detailed analytical study of a person or something
with a view to making generalizations
B Listen to some
abbreviations and acronyms of some
organizations and some information
about them. Fill in the
blanks.
Audioscript:
1.
IUCN
--
International Union for the
Conservation of Nature
,
is
the organization established by the
United Nations
to promote
the
conservation of
wildlife
and habitats as
part of the national policies
of member
states.
2.
CITES
--
Convention on International Trade in
Endangered
Species
. is an
international agreement under the auspices of the
IUCN with the aim of regulating
trade
in endangered species
of
animals and plants
. The
agreement came into force in
1975
and by
1991
had been signed by 110 states. It
prohibits
any trade in a
category of
8,000
highly endangered species and
controls
trade in a
further
30,000
species.
3.
UNEP
--
United
Nations Environmental Program
, aims to
provide
leadershi
p and encourage
partnerships in caring for the
environment
by inspiring
information and enabling nations and
people to improve their
quality of life
without
compromising that of
future
generations.
4.
WWF
--
World Wide
Fund for Nature (formerly World
Wildlife Fund
), is an
international organization established in
1961
to raise
funds for conservation by public appeal. Projects
include
conservation of particular
species
, for example, the
tiger and giant
panda. With almost five
million supporters distributed throughout
five
continents, WWF has a
global network active in over
90
countries. Its
headquarters are in Gland,
Switzerland
.
Biological diversity provides us with a
variety of special
atmosphere and natural
climate control. However, many kinds
of
wild animals have been so reduced in number that
their role
in the ecosystem is
negligible. Animals like the great apes, the
whales, seals, and marine turtles are
under particular pressure.
C Listen to the conversation. Match
column A, which is a
list of the names
of some endangered animals, with column
B, which gives the information about
those endangered
animals. Then anwser
the questions.
Column A
1. Whales
2
2. Seals
4
3.
Turtles
5
4. Crocodiles
5.
'Walruses (
海
3
象
.)
Column B
bludgeoned to death for fur coats
killed to make handbags and
shoes
hunted for their
ivory
hunted to extinction
1.6
eggs rolled off and slaughtered for
meat
and oil
6.
Dolphins
Questions:
1. What do people at the
World Wildlife Fund work for according to
the woman?
They
work to conserve natural areas that contain
endangered
wildlife.
2. What are they doing in
order to protect those endangered animals?
They are campaigning to
provide sea sanctuaries for some of
these endangered species. Protected-
nesting sites for turtles have
been set
up.
3. Can you
guess the meaning of
It
refers to the places of safety in the sea where
sea animals are
protected and allowed
to live freely.
Audioscript:
A:
Hello, I'm calling on
behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.
B:
The what?
A:
The World Wildlife Fund.
If you've got a few minutes I'd like to
tell you what that means.
B:
Oh, all right.
A:
We work to
conserve natural areas that contain endangered
wildlife. The seas, for example, have
become polluted by the
industrialized
world; whales are being hunted to extinction;
turtles are rolled off their eggs when
they come ashore to breed
or are
slaughtered for their meat and oil...
B:
Oh.
A:
Crocodiles are killed to
make handbags and shoes; walruses are
hunted for their ivory.
B:
I see.
A:
Seals are bludgeoned to
death to provide fur coats and the threat
of extinction hangs over several
species of whale, dolphin and
porpoise.
B:
Really.
A:
We are now
campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of
these endangered species.
B:
Very interesting.
A:
Aided by our
campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have
already been set up. As you can see,
this is very valuable work
and I wonder
therefore if you'd like to make a donation?
Part II Christmas bird
counts
be
deemed
：（被）认为，视为，断定
fortunes
：命运
c
ritically
：危急
;
严重
perilous
：危险的，冒险的
at risk of
：有
……
危险
imminent
extinction
：即将灭绝
lose a
species
：丧失一个物种
residents
：居民
maintaining
：保持
sustain
：维持
;
支撑
;
忍受
quality
：质量
sustaining the quality of
lives
：维持生活质量
John James Audubon
：约翰
·
詹姆斯
·
奥杜邦，
1785
年
4
月
26
日
-1851
年
1
月
27
日
)
，美国画家、博物学家，他绘制的鸟类图
鉴被称作
“
美国国宝
”
illustrate
：说明；描绘
；画插图
in their
natural habitats
：自然居住地
conservationist
：
自然资源保护者，生态环境保护者
feather
：羽毛，翎毛
manufacture
：制造
sponsored by
：赞助
;
发起
the National Audubon
Society
：全国奥杜邦（鸟类保护）协会
Bermuda
：百慕大群岛（北大
西洋西部群岛）
Pacific
islands
：太平洋岛屿
volunteer
：志愿者
bird
count
：鸟类的清点
experienced
：有经验的
bird
watcher
：野鸟观察者，鸟类观察家
diameter
：直径
observe
：观察
actually
：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎
longest-
running
：播放时间最长的
census
：人口普查，统计
;
人口财产调查
ornithology
：鸟类学
;
鸟
学
scheduled
：排定，进度表
logistics
：
组织工作
ideal
：
理想；目标
virtually
：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎
identify
：识别，认出
Panama
：巴拿马
esthetic
value
：审美价值
indicator
：指示器
habitat
alteration
：栖息地变更
signal
：信号，暗号
;
预兆，征象
degrade
：
< br>降低，贬低
;
使降级
degradation
：退化
;
堕落
;
降级
adversely
< br>：反对
;
不利地
;
有害地
annual
：每年
Christmas bird
counts
：对诞（岛）数鸟
decline
：下降
One in eight of the world's
bird species is deemed globally
threatened and the fortunes of 198
critically endangered species
are now
so perilous that they are at risk of imminent
extinction.
Many people feel that every
time we lose a species, the world
becomes a poorer place. The more
successful we are at
maintaining or
improving the living conditions of the Earth's
many residents, the better our chances
will be of sustaining the
quality of
all species' lives on Earth.
A Listen to a news report.
While listening for the first time, add
more key words in the notes column
according to the following
cues. While
listening for the second time, supply the missing
information.
Event:
Christmas bird counts
Time:
from
Christmas to
Jan. 3rd
Sponsored by:
the National Audubon Society
Participants:
Numbers:
more
than 40,000 volunteers
Background:
from all 50
states of the U.S., every Canadian
province, parts of Central and South
America', Bermuda, the West Indies
and Pacific islands
Number of bird counts this
year:
more than
1
600
separate bird
counts
The logistics of bird
counts:
Each individual count is in
a 15 mile
diameter circle around the exact center
point.
Origin of the
National Audubon Society:
It was named
after
an
American
artist
John James Audubon, who
illustrated birds in
their natural
habitats.
The Society was founded in
the late
1800s
by
conservationists concerned with the decline of
birds.
B Now try this:
listen to a more authentic version of the report.
Complete the summary of this year's
Christmas bird counts.
Christmas bird
counts will
start
from
Christmas to January 3rd.,
sponsored
by the National
Audubon Society. This year more than
40
000 volunteers from the U.S., Canada, parts of
Central and South
America, Bermuda, the
West Indies and Pacific islands will be
outside counting birds
. The
counts are not only for
experienced
bird watchers
but
anyone that is interested or
concerned
as well.
This year more
than 1 600 separate bird counts have been
scheduled
. Some would have
as few as
10 people taking
part
,
others with hundreds.
Every individual count is in a
15 mile
diameter circle
around the
exact center point. Bird counters can get
a good idea of
the total
bird populations
within the count
circle
based on t
he number
of birds
they actually see.
The traditional
Christmas bird count is
the longest-
running
bird census
in
ornithology.
Audioscript:
John James
Audubon was an American artist in the early 1800s,
who illustrated birds in their natural
habitats. The Society named
after him
was founded in the late 1800s by conservationists
concerned with the decline of birds,
which were being killed so their
feathers could be used in the
manufacture of women's hats.
Sponsored by
the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000
volunteers will be outside counting
birds from today until January
3rd.
Volunteers from all 50 states of the United
States, every
Canadian province, parts
of Central and South America, Bermuda,
the West Indies and Pacific islands
have begun to count and record
every
individual bird and bird species observed during
the two and
one half week period of the
count.
Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon
Society's Christmas
Bird Count editor.
He says the count is the longest-running bird
census in ornithology.
This year,
according to Mr. LeBaron , more than 1 600
separate
bird counts have been
scheduled. Some would have as few as 10
people taking part, others with
hundreds. The logistics of the
Christmas bird count, he adds, are
simple.
circle, um, around the exact
center point. And it's always the exactly
same area that's done every year,
usually, even on the same weekend
during the count period. And what the
ideal would be, which is
virtually
impossible, is this census: every single
individual bird
within that circle on
the count day.
Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird
counters can get a good
idea of the
total bird populations within the count circle
based on the
number of birds they
actually see. The editor points out, however,
that the counts are not only for
experienced bird watchers.
Beginners will
go out in a party with experienced individuals who
know both the area and the birds in the
area, in the field where more
eyes and
ears are better. And then anybody can point out a
bird, and
someone in the field will
always be able to identify the bird.
C Now listen to what Mr. Lebaron says
about the information
concerning birds.
Complete the outline.
Outline
I. Total number of known species --
about
9 300
II.
Habitat
A. Larger numbers living in
the
warmer climates
e.g. more than
300 different species
counted in Panama
B. far
fewer species native to
colder climates
III. Value
A. importance to the environment
1. indicator of the quality
of environment
2. sensitive
to
habitat alteration
B.
esthetic value
1. getting pleasure out of
looking at birds and
listening to birds
2. mental quality of life
degraded without birds
IV.
Birds' population
A. some species --
declining
B. many types --
increasing
Audioscript:
Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300
different known species of
birds.
Larger numbers of them live in the warmer
climates. For
example, more than 300
different species have been counted in
Panama, while far fewer species are
native to colder climates. Aside
from
their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are
important to
the environment because
they can signal changes in it.
the environment within the
given area. Whether it is a relatively
local area, or even primarily on the
worldwide bases, they are one of
the
first things to be altered. They are quite
sensitive to a habitat
alteration or to
other threats. And often times when birds are
disappearing out of the area, it just
means there is a degradation of
the
quality of the habitat within that area which will
adversely affect
everything in there
including humans.
National
Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the
world's
bird populations a source of
wealth that humans must protect.
birds. And if they start
disappearing just the er, the quality of life,
um, may be not physically, but the
mental quality of life can be
degraded
quickly.
Jeffrey LeBaron
says that while the National Audubon Society's
annual Christmas bird counts show a
decline in some species, many
types of
birds are actually increasing their populations.
Part III Dolphin captivity
in
captivity
：养在笼子（或池子，等）里；囚禁
announcer
：播音员
thesis
statements
：文意，简述论文，论文主题
Colorado Public
Radio
：科罗拉多州公共广播电台
aquatic
park
：水上公园
Denver
：丹佛（美国科罗拉多州）
ire
：
愤怒
dolphin
：海豚
instigate
：教唆
;
煽动
;
激起
a former navy
dolphin trainer
：前海军海豚训练员
Florida
：佛罗里达州
ranges
：范围
family-
oriented
：面向家庭的；群居的
concrete
tank
：混凝土水箱，混凝土油罐，混凝土贮水池
sonar
：声呐装置
bounce
off
：试探（某人对某一新设想和意见），大发议论
ocean
explorer
：海洋探险家
<
/p>
reject
：拒绝
;
< br>抛弃
suicidal
：自杀的，自杀性的
;
自我毁灭的，自取灭
亡的
;
于己不利
pool
：池子
a
very sophisticated
brain
：发达的大脑
sophisticated
：复杂的
;
精致的
;
富有经验的
;
深奥微妙的
Portland
：波特兰
(
俄勒冈州
)
Oregon.
：俄勒冈州
captive dolphins
：被捕的海豚
Sarasota
Bay
：萨拉索塔湾（佛罗里达州）
Florida
：佛罗里达州
the census data
：统计数据
distribution
：分配，分布
debate
：讨论
;
辩论
;
争论
marine
mammal
：海洋哺乳动物
organisms
：有机体
;
生物
operate
：操作，运行
metabolically
：代谢的
anti-
educational
：对抗教育，反教育，逆教育
natural behavior
：自然行为