-
Lesson 1
1. We're elevated 23
feet.
We're 23 feet above
sea level.
2. The place has been here
since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it.
The
house
has
been
here
since
1915,
and
no
hurricane
has
ever
caused
any
damage to it.
3. We can
batten down and ride it out.
We
can
make
the
necessary
preparations
and
survive
the
hurricane
without
much damage.
4. The
generator was doused, and the lights went out.
Water got into the
generator and put it out. It stopped producing
electricity, so
the lights also went
out.
5. Everybody out the back door to
the cars!
Everybody go out
through the back door and run to the cars.
6. The electrical systems had been
killed by water.
The
electrical systems in the car had been put out by
water.
7. John watched the water lap at
the steps, and felt a crushing guilt.
As John watched the water inch its way
up the steps, he felt a strong sense of
guilt because he blamed himself for
endangering the whole family by deciding
not to flee inland.
8. Get
us through this mess, will you?
Oh God, please help us to get through
this storm safely.
9. She carried on
alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away.
Grandmother
Koshak
sang
a
few
words
alone
and
then
her
voice
gradually
grew dimmer and stopped.
10.
Janis had just one delayed reaction.
Janis
displayed
rather
late
the
exhaustion
brought
about
by
the
nervous
tension caused by
the hurricane.
Lesson 2
1.
The
burying-ground
is
merely
a
huge
waste
of
hummocky
earth,
like
a
derelict
building-lot.
The
burying-
ground
is
nothing
more
than
a
huge
piece
of
wasteland
full
of
mounds of earth looking like a deserted
and abandoned piece of land on which
a
building was going to be put up.
2. All colonial empires are in reality
founded upon that fact.
All
the
imperialists
build
up
their
empires
by
treating
the
people
in
the
colonies
like
animals
(by
not
treating
the
people
in
the
colonies
as
human
beings).
3. They
rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a
few years, and then they sink
back into
the nameless mounds of the graveyard.
They are born. Then for a few years
they work, toil and starve. Finally they
die and are buried in graves without a
name.
4.
A
carpenter
sits
crosslegged
at
a
prehistoric
lathe,
turning
chair-legs
at
lighting
speed.
Sitting
with his legs crossed and using a very old-
fashioned lathe, a carpenter
quickly
gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is
making.
5. Instantly, from the dark
holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of
Jews.
Immediately
from
their
dark
hole-like
cells
everywhere
a
great
number
of
Jews rushed out wildly excited.
6. …every one of them looks
on a cigarette as a more or less impossible
luxury.
Every one of these
poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of
luxury which
they could not possibly
afford.
7. Still, a white
skin is always fairly conspicuous.
However, a white -skinned European is
always quite noticeable.
8.
In a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in
everything except the human beings.
If
you
take
a
look
at
the
natural
scenery
in
a
tropical
region,
you
see
everything but the human beings.
9. No one would think of running cheap
trips to the Distressed Areas.
No one would think of organizing cheap
trips for the tourists to visit the poor
slum areas (for these trips would not
be interesting)
．
10.
…for
nine
-tenths
of
the
people
the
reality
of
life
is
an
endless,
back-breaking
struggle to
wring a little food out of an eroded soil.
life is very hard for
ninety percent of the
people
．
With hard
backbreaking toil
they can produce a
little food on the poor
soil
．
11
．
She accepted
her status as an old woman, that is to say as a
beast of burden.
She
took
it
for
granted
that
as
an
old
woman
she
was
the
lowest
in
the
community
，
that
she was only fit for doing heavy work like an
animal
．
12. People with brown skins are next
door to invisible.
People
with brown skins are almost
invisible
．
13
．
Their splendid
bodies were hidden in reach-me-
down
khaki uniforms,…
The
Senegalese soldiers were wearing ready-made khaki
uniforms which hid
their beautiful
well-built bodies
．
14. How long before they turn their
guns in the other direction?
How much longer before they turn their
guns around and attack us?
15
．
Every white
man there had this thought stowed somewhere or
other in his mind.
Every
white
man
，
the
onlookers
，
the officers on
their horses and the white
. marching
with the black soldiers
，
had
this thought hidden somewhere
or other
in his mind
．
Lesson 3
1
．
And it is an
activity only of human.
And
conversation is an activity which is found only
among human beings
．
2
．
Conversation is
not for making a point.
Conversation is not for persuading
others to accept our idea or point of
view
．
3
．
In fact, the
best conversationalists are those who are prepared
to lose.
In fact a person who really
enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not
argue
to win or force others to accept
his point of view
．
4
．
Bar
friends are not deeply involved in each other’s
lives.
People who meet each
other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not
intimate
friends for they are not
deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other's
lives
．
5. …it
could still go ignorantly on…
The
conversation
could
go
on
without
anybody
knowing
who
was
right
or
wrong
．
6
．
There are
cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef
(boeuf).
These animals are
called cattle when they are alive and feeding in
the fields
；
but when we sit
down at the table to eat
．
we
call their meat beef
．
7.
The
new
ruling
class
had
built
a
cultural
barrier
against
him
by
building
their
French against his own language.
The new ruling class by using French
instead of English made it difficult for
the English to accept or absorb the
culture of the rulers
．
8
．
English had
come royally into its own.
The English
language received proper recognition and was used
by the King
once
more
．
9. The
phrase has always been used a little pejoratively
and even facetiously by the
lower
classes.
The
phrase
，
the
King's
English
，
has
always
been
used
disrespectfully
and
jokingly by the lower
classes
．
The
working people very often make fun of the
proper and formal language of the
educated people
．
10. The rebellion against a cultural
dominance is still there.
There still exists in the working
people
，
as in the early Saxon
peasants
，
a spirit
of opposition to the cultural authority
of the ruling class
．
11. There is always a great danger that
“words will harden into things for us.”
There
is
always
a
great
danger
that
we
might
forget
that
words
are
only
symbols
and
take
them
for
things
they
are
supposed
to
represent
．
For
example
，
the
word
“dog”
is
a
symbol
representing
a
kind
of
animal
．
We
mustn't regard the word
“dog” as being the animal
itself
．
12. Even
with the most educated and the most literate, the
King’s English slips and
slides in
conversation.
Even
the
most
educated
and
literate
people
do
not
use
standard
，
formal
English all the time in their
conversation
．
Lesson 4