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欧阳修·《醉翁亭记》英译
环滁皆山也。其
西南诸峰,林壑尤美。望之蔚然而深秀者,琅琊也。山行六七里,渐闻
水声潺潺,而泄出
于两峰之间者,酿泉也。峰回路转,有亭翼然临于泉上者,醉翁亭也。作
亭者谁?山之僧
曰智仙也。名之者谁?太守自谓也。太守与客来饮于此,饮少辄醉,而年又
最高,故自号
曰“醉翁”也。醉翁之意不在酒,在乎山水之间也。山水之乐,得之心而寓之
酒也。
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若夫日出而林霏开,云归而岩穴暝,晦明变化者,山间之朝暮也
。野芳发而幽香,佳木
秀而繁阴,风霜高洁,水落而石出者,山间之四时也。朝而往,暮
而归,四时之景不同,而
乐亦无穷也。
至于负者歌于途,
行者休于树,
前者呼,
后者应,
伛偻提携,
往来而不绝者,
滁人游也。
临溪而渔,溪深而鱼肥;酿泉为酒,泉香而酒冽;山肴野蔌,杂然而前陈者
,太守宴也。宴
酣之乐,非丝非竹,射者中,弈者胜,觥筹交错,坐起而喧哗者,众宾欢
也。苍然白发,颓
然乎其中者,太守醉也。
已而夕阳在山,人影散乱,太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳,鸣声上下,游人去而禽鸟乐也。
然而禽鸟知山林之乐,而不知人之乐;人知从太守游而乐,而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同
其乐,醒能述以文者,太守也。太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。
The Roadside Hut of the Old
Drunkard
Ouyang
Xiu
The District of Chu is
enclosed all around by hills, of which those in
the southwest boast the
most lovely
forests and dales. In the distance, densely wooded
and possessed of a rugged beauty,
is
Mt. Langya. When you penetrate a mile or two into
this mountain you begin to hear the gurgling
of a stream, and presently the stream
—
the Brewer's Spring
—
comes into sight cascading
between two peaks. Rounding a bend you
see a hut with a spreading roof by the stream, and
this is
the Roadside Hut of the Old
Drunkard. This hut was built by the monk Zhixian.
It was given its
name by the governor,
referring to himself. The governor, coming here
with his friends, often gets
tipsy
after a little drinking; and since he is the most
advanced in years, he calls himself the Old
Drunkard. He delights less in drinking
than in the hills and streams, taking pleasure in
them and
expressing the feeling in his
heart through drinking.
Now
at dawn and dusk in this mountain come the changes
between light and darkness: when
the
sun emerges, the misty woods become clear; when
the clouds hang low, the grottoes are
wrapped in gloom. Then in the course of
the four seasons, You find wild flowers burgeoning
and
blooming with a secret fragrance,
the stately trees put on their mantle of leaves
and give a goodly
shade, until wind and
frost touch all with austerity, the water sinks
low and the rocks at the bottom
of the
stream emerge. A man going there in the morning
and returning in the evening during the
changing pageant of the seasons can
derive endless pleasure from the place.
And the local people may be seen making
their way there and back in an endless stream, the
old and infirm as well as infants in
arms, men carrying burdens who sing as they go,
passersby
stopping to rest beneath the
trees, those in front calling out and those behind
answering. There the
governor gives a
feast with a variety of dishes before him, mostly
wild vegetables and mountain
produce.
The fish are freshly caught from the stream, and
since the stream is deep and the fish are
fat; the wine is brewed with spring
water, and since the spring is sweet the wine is
superb. There
they feast and drink
merrily with no accompaniment of strings or
flutes; when someone wins a
game of
touhu or chess, when they mark up their scores in
drinking games together, or raise a
cheerful din sitting or standing, it
can be seen that the guests are enjoying
themselves. The elderly
man with white
hair in the middle, who sits utterly relaxed and
at his ease, is the governor, already
half drunk.
Then
the sun sinks towards the hills, men's shadows
begins to flit about and scatter; and now
the governor leaves, followed by his
guests. In the shade of the woods birds chirp
above and
below, showing that the men
have gone and the birds are at peace. But although
the birds enjoy
the hills and forests,
they cannot understand the men's pleasure in them;
and although men enjoy
accompanying the
governor there, they cannot understand his
pleasure either. The governor is able
to share his enjoyment with others when
he is in his cups, and sober again can write an
essay
about it. Who is this governor?
Ouyang Xiu of Luling.
(杨宪益、戴乃迭
译)
The Story of
the Old Drunkard Tower
Ou-yang Hsiu
The prefecture of Chu is surrounded
with hills on all sides. The wooded ravines of the
south-west peaks are particularly
beautiful. Lo, there is Lang Ya Hill shrouded in
deep, luxuriant
blue. After a few
miles' walk in the mountains, the murmur of a
stream will gradually come within
hearing
—
that is
the Brewing Fountain pouring down between two
peaks. By turning round the
peak along
a bending path there appears a tower standing like
a perching bird above the fountain
—
that is the Old Drunkard
Tower. Who built the tower? A Buddhist monk, the
Wise Immortal.
Who gave it the name?
The Prefect refers to himself. The Prefect comes
to drink here with his
guests. Only a
little drinking will make him drunk; and being the
eldest he therefore calls himself
the
old drunkard. The old drunkard is not interested
in the wine, but in the hills and rivers. The joy
of hills and rivers, found in the
heart, mingles itself with the wine.
To
illustrate, the sunrise dispersing the mists over
the woods, and the return of clouds
dimming the caves below the rocks
—
this is the alteration of
light and shade, which represents
the
morning and evening in the mountains. Sweet smell
emitting from the fresh wild grass;
luxuriant shades made by the fine
trees; the high, clear skies, windy and frosty;
rocks standing out
of receding water
—
these are the changes of
the four seasons in the mountains. Going out in
the
morning and coming back in the
evening, one finds each of the four seasons has
its different
scenery, and the pleasure
is inexhaustible.
As for the carriers
on the road, the wayfarers taking rest under the
trees, some shouting ahead
and some
score behind, and others bent with burdens going
to and fro without a break
—
these are
visitors from Chu itself. To
angle at the stream where the stream is deep and
the fishes are fat; to
brew the
fountain water into wine where the water is
delicious and the wine is clear; and with
mountain game and wild vegetable placed
before him in a confused manner
—
that is the Prefect
at banquet. The pleasure of revelry is
music neither of string, no of bamboo. The
shooters hitting
the marks; the chess-
players scoring victory; winecups and counters
mixed together; and people
sitting down
and rising up with much noise
—
the guests are happy and
merry. And amidst the
crowd a man with
a sallow face and white hair, being hardly able to
stand firm
—
that is the
Prefect made drunk.
Soon the
sun touching the mountain, and the shadows of men
being scattered in confusion
—
the Prefect,
followed by his guests, is going back. In the
shades of the groves warbling is heard up
and down
—
the
birds are enjoying themselves after the departure
of the visitors. The birds enjoy
mountains and woods, but understand not
the pleasure of men; and men enjoy the pleasure of
following the Prefect in excursion, but
they know not what pleasure the Prefect enjoys. He
who
shares their pleasures in
drunkenness, and when awake can relate it in
writing
—
this is the
Prefect.
Who is the Prefect?
—
Ou-yang Hsiu of Lu Ling.
(潘正英
译)
The Pavilion
of the Drunken Old Man
Ouyang Xiu
Chu
Zhou is surrounded with mountains. The forests and
valleys on the southwest ridge are
especially beautiful. Lying in the
distance, where the trees grow luxuriantly and
gracefully, is the
Langya
Mountain.
Six
or
seven
li
up
the
mountain
path,
a
gurgling
sound
grows
clearer
and
clearer. It is from a spring that falls
between two mountains. The spring is called the
Wine-Making
Spring. The path turns and
twists along the mountain ridge, and above the
spring rests a pavilion
perching aloft
like a bird with wings outstretched. This is the
Pavilion of the Drunken Old Man.
Who
built this pavilion? Monk Zhixian, who lived in
the mountain. And who furnished it with that
name? It was the prefect, who named it
after his own alias. The prefect often comes here
to drink
wine
with
his
friends
and
he
easily
gets
tipsy
after
a
few
cups.
Being
oldest
in
age
among
his
companions, he calls himself
the mountains and waters. The joy he
gets from them is treasured in the heart, and now
and then
he will express it through
wine-drinking.
In
the
morning,
the
rising
sun
disperses
the
forest
mists,
and
in
the evening,
the gathering
clouds darken
the caves and valleys. This shifting from light to
darkness is morning and evening
in
the
mountains.
In
spring,
blooming
flowers
send
forth
a
delicate
fragrance;
in
summer,
the
flourishing
trees
afford
deep
shades;
in autumn,
the
sky
is
high
and crisp,
and
the
frost,
snowy
white;
in
winter,
the
water
of
the
creek
recedes
and
the
bare
bedrock
emerges.
These
are
the
mountain
scenes in the four seasons. Going to the mountain
in the morning and returning home in
the
evening
and
enjoying
the
beauties
of
the
mountain
in
different
seasons
is
a
delight
beyond
description!
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