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初中英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级讲练和答案
(
p>
一
)
一般句式的构成:
A + is / are+
形容词比较级
+ than + B
A
是主格
B
是宾格
如:
She is taller than me.
主格
形容词比较级
宾格
(二)英语形容词比较级的构成
英语形容词比较等级有三个:原级,比较级和最高级。
形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。
规则变化
1
)单音
节词末尾加
-er
(比较级),
-es
t
(最高级)
【例】
原级
比较级
最高级
great greater greatest
small smaller smallest
clean cleaner
cleanest
2
)单音节如以
e
结尾,只加
-r
(比较级),
-st
(最高级)
【例】
fine finer
finest
wide
wide wider
widest
3
)闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再
加
p>
-er
(比较级),
-est
(最高级)
【例】
big bigger
biggest
hot
hotter hottest
red redder reddest
4
)少数以
-y
,
-er
,
ow
,
-ble
结尾的双音节词,末
尾加
-er
(比较级),
-est
p>
(最高级)。以
-y
结尾的词,如
-y
前是辅音字母,则变
y
为
-i
,再加
-er
和
-est
。
以
-e
结尾的词只加
-r
和
-st
。
【例】
clever cleverer cleverest
narrow narrower narrowest
able abler
ablest
easy
easier easiest
5
)其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词
more
和
most
。
【例】
careful more careful most careful
difficult more
difficult most difficult
delicious more delicious most delicious
不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well better best
bad worse worst
many/much more most
little less
least
far
farther/further farthest/furthest
注:有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如:
right, wrong,
woolen
等。
1
形容词的比较等级的用法:比较级用于二者的比较。
【例】
Li Ping is older than Wang Hai.
李平比王海年纪大。
There are more students in
Class One than in Class
Two.
一班比二班学生多。
二、
形容词各等级的用法:
1
、
原级(同级)比较:
as…as…; not
as(so)…as…
We
’ll give you as much help
as we can.
She isn’t as(so)active in sports as
before.
2.
比较级:表示两者之间比
……
更
……
可用状语
much,
a
little,
even
等修
饰:
He made fewer mistakes than I did.
He is even
richer than I.
3
、
高级:形容词最高级前必须加
the,
副词最高级前常省略
the
,后面多用
of……
,
in……
短语表示范围:
It was the
most/least interesting story I have ever listened.
He is the
tallest of the three.
4
、
如果在
两者之间表示
“
最
……”
时要在比较级前加
the
,
而且还用
of the two,
of the
pair
短语:
John is the clever of the
two boys.
Of
the two boys, John is the clever.
三、
重点与难点:
1
、
p>
as…as…
结构:你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。
You’re a boy
as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as
Tom.
2
、
(1)too…to
与
so…that ’t…
的句型转换:前者为简单句,主语只有
一个,而后者为复合句,主语有两个,试比较:
The man was too
angry to be able to speak.
The man was so angry that he wasn’t
able to speak.
The milk was too hot to drink.
The milk was so
hot that we can’t drink it.
(2)
too…to…
与
not
enough to
句型的转换:
He is too young to get
married.=He is not old enough to get married.
The book is too
difficult for me to read.=
The book is not easy enough for me to
read.
3
、
形容词原级表示比较级含义:
约翰不象迈克那么苯。
John
is not so stupid as Mike.
John is less stupid than Mike.
John is
cleverer than Mike.
4
、
用比较级表示最高级:约翰是班里最高的男生。
John is taller
than any other boy in the class.
John is the tallest boy in
the class.
John
is taller than :any other boy.
any of the other boy.
all the other
boy.
any of the
others.
any one
else.
5
、
the
more….. the more….
表示
“
越
……
越
……”:
2
The more books
you read, the wider your knowledge is.
The more food you eat, the
fatter you are.
6
、
more and more….
表示
“
越来
……
越
……”:
More and more students realized the
importance of a foreign language.
Our country is getting
stronger and stronger.
Mid-Autumn Festival
Mid-Autumn Day
形容词比较级和最高级
绝大多数形容词有三种形式
,
原级
,
比较级和最高级
,
以表示形容词说明的性
质在程度上的不同。
形容词的原级
:
形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。
例如
: poor tall great glad bad
形容词的比较级和最高级
:
形容词的
比较级和最高级形式是在形容词
的原级形式的基础上变化的。
分为规则变化和不规则变化。
规则变化如下
:
1)
单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加
-er
和
-est
构成。
great (
原级
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
2)
以
-e
结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加
-r
和
-st
构成。
wide (
原级
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
3)
少数以
-y, -er,
-ow, -ble
结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词
尾加
-er
和
-est
构成。
clever(
原级
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
4)
以
-y
结尾
,
但
-y
前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把
-y
去掉
,
加上
-ier
和
-est
构成
.
happy
(
原形
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
5)
以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级
和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加
-er
和
-est
。
big (
原级
)
(
比较级
)
(
最高级
)
6)
双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用
more
和
most
加在
形容词前面来构成。
beautiful
(
原级
)?
(
比较级
)
(
比较级
)
difficult (
原级
)
(
最高级
)
(
最高级
)
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级
:
p>
原级
------
比较级
< br>------
最高级
good------better------best
many------
more------most
much------more------most
bad------worse------worst
far
------farther, further------farthest, furthest
形容词前如加
less
和
least
则表示
较不
和
最不
important
重要
less important
较不重要
least
important
最不重要
形容词比较级的用法
:
3
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物
的比较
,
其结构形式如下
:
p>
主语
+
谓语
(
p>
系动词
)+
形容词比较级
+than+
对比成分。
也就是
,
含有形
容词比较级的主句
+than+
从句。注意从句常常省去意
义上和主句相同的部分
,
而
只剩下对比的成分。
Our teacher is
we are.
我们老师的个子比我们的高。
It
is
today than it was
yesterday.
今天的天气比昨天暖和。
This picture is
than that one.
这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
This meeting is
than that one.
这次会议不如那次会议重要。
The
sun is
than the moon.
太阳比月亮大得多。
形容词最高级的用法
:
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较
,
其结构形式为
:
主语<
/p>
+
谓语
(
系动词
)+the+
形容词最高级
+
名词
+
表示范围的短语或从句。
She is
student
her class.
她是班上最好的学生。
Shanghai
is
one
of
cities
China.
上海是中国最大城市之
一。
This is
apple I
have ever met.
这是我见到的最大的苹果。
Tom
is
boy
in
his
basketball
team.
汤姆是他们篮球队中个子
最高的孩子。
巩固练习:
(一)
写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式:
long_____ ______ wide
______ _______ fat ____ _____
heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______
few____ _____
brightly______ -_____ bably _____
_______ far____ _____
quickly _____ ______ happy_____ -______
unhappy________
(
二
)
用所给词的正确形式填空:
1. Of the two girls, I find
Lucy the _______ (clever).
2. Gold(
黄金
) is
______ (little) useful than
iron(
铁
).
3. My sister is two years _______ (old
) than I.
4. John’s parents
have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young)
child.
5. The _____ (cheap)
bags are the not usually the best ones.
6. The short one is by far
_______ expensive of the five.
7. The boy is not so ______
(interesting) as his brother.
8. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings
______(well) than John, but Mary
sings______(well) in her class.
9. She will be much ______
(happy) in her mew house.
10. This dr
ess is ______
that.(twice, as…as…, expensive)
英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级练习题
1. This box
is___ that one.
A. heavy than B. so heavy than
C. heavier as
D. as heavy as
2 When we speak to people, we should be
' .
A. as
polite as possible B. as polite as possibly
C. as politely
as possible D. as politely as possibly
3 This book is____ that
one, but____ than that one.
4
A. as difficult as; expensive
B. as more
difficult as; more expensive
C. as difficult as; more
expensive
D.
more difficult as; as expensive
4 I think the story is not
so ___ as that one.
A. interesting B. interested C. more
interesting D. most interesting
5 His father began to
work____ he was seven years old.
A. as old as B. as early as
C. since D. while
2
1.
I think science is _ than Japanese.
A.
much
important
B.
important
C.
much
more
important
D.
more
much
important
( ) 2 This pencil is___ than that one.
^. longest B.
long C. longer D. as long
( ) 3 My mother is no ___ young.
A. shorter B.
longer C. little D. few
( ) 4 These children are ____ this year
than they were last year.
A. more tall B. more taller C. very
taller D. much taller
( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it
is___ today.
A.
even hotter B. more hotter
C. much more hot D. much hot
6. Mrs Black
has got____ instead of getting any better.
A. more bad B.
a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse
3
( ) 1 When we arrived, we
found the meeting room crowded with___
students.
A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D.
a few quite
2
The house is small for a family of six.
A. much too B.
too much C. very much
3 Through the window we can see nothing
but ____ buildings.
A. tall very many B. very many tall C.
very tall many D. many very tall
4 -What's your brother
like?
-He
is___.
A. a
driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school
5 The jacket
was so___ that he decided to buy it. ,
A. much B. little C.
expensive D. cheapl
6 Our classroom is____ larger than
theirs.
A. more
B. quite C. very D. much
4
(
) 1 The earth is about____ as the moon.
A. as fifty
time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty
times D. fifty as times big
( ) 2 Your room is mine.
A. twice as
large than B. twice the size of
C. bigger twice than D. as
twice large as
( ) 3 Your room is ___ than mine.
5
A. three time big B. three
times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three
times
( ) 4 His
father is____than his mother.
A. older four years B. as
four years older C. four years older D. bigger
four years
5
( ) 1 Maths is
more popular than____.
A. any other subject B. all the
subjects C. any subject D. other subject
( ) 2 China is
larger than ____ in Africa (^W).
A. any other country B.
other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any
country
( ) 3
Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.
A. any other boy B. any
boys C. any boy D. other boy
6
( ) 1 When spring comes, it gets____.
A. warm and
warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and
warmer
D. shorter and
shorter
) 2 By and by, ____ students in our
class came to like English. A. more and more
B. much and much C. many and many D.
less and least
) 3 At last he began to cry ___.
A. hard and
hard
B.
more
hard and
more
hard C.
harder and harder
D.
less
hard
and less harder
) 4 When spring comes the days get ____
and nights ____.
A. short; long B. long; short C.
longer; shorter D. shorter; longer
7
1___ I look at the picture, ____ I like
it.
A. The
best; the more B. The more; the less
C. The more; less D. More;
the more
2 ___
he read the book, ____ he got in it. A. The more;
the more interesting
B.
The
less;
the
more
interesting
C.
The
more;
the
more
interested
D.
More;
more
interested 3 ___ you come back, _____ it will be.
A,
The
quicker;
the
best
B.
The
sooner;
the
better
C.
Faster;
the
better
D.
The
sooner; better
8
1 I like___ one of the two
books.
A. the
older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older
( )2 Which is___country,
China or Japan?
A. the large B. the larger C. larger D.
largest
( ) 3
Of the two cups, he bought .
A. the smaller B. the
smallest C. small D: smaller
9
( ) 1 Which do you like ___, tea or
coffee?
A. well
B. better C. best D. most
( ) 2 This work is ____ for me than for
you.
A.
difficult B. most difficult
C. much difficult D. more
difficult
( ) 3
Which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the
fish?
6