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初中英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级
形容词比较级
(
一
)
大凡句式的构成：
A +
is / are+
形容词比较级
+ than + B
A
是主格
B
是宾格
如：
She is taller than me.
主格形容词比较级宾格
（二）英语形容词比较级的构成
英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。
形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。
规则变化
1
）单音节词末尾加
-er
（比较级），
-est
（最高级）
【例】原级比较级最高级
great
greater greatest
small smaller smallest
clean cleaner
cleanest
2
）单音节如以
e
结尾，只加
-r
（比较级），
-st
（最高级）
【例】
fine finer finest
wide wider
widest
3
）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，
须先双写这个辅音字母，再
加
-er
（
比较级），
-est
（最高级）
【例】
big bigger biggest
hot hotter
hottest
red
redder reddest
4
）少数以
< br>-y
，
-er
，
ow
，
-ble
结尾的双音节
词，末尾加
-er
（比较级），
-es
t
（最高级）。以
-y
结尾的词，如<
/p>
-y
前是辅音字母，则变
y
为
-i
，再加
-er
和
-est
。
以
-e
结尾的词只加
-r
和
-st
。【例】
cleverc
leverercleverest
narrow
narrower
narrowest
able abler ablest easy easier easiest <
/p>
5
）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词
more
和
most
。
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【例】
careful more
careful most careful
difficult more difficult most
difficultdelicious more delicious most
delicious
不规则变化
原级比较级最高级
good/well better best
bad worse worst
many/much more most
little less
least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
注：有些形容词大凡没有比较等级。如：
right,
wrong, woolen
等。
形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。
【例】
Li Ping is older than
Wang Hai.
李平比王海年纪大。
There are more students in Class One
than in Class Two.
一班比二班学生多。
二、形容词各等级的用法：
1
、原级（同级）比较：
as…as…; not
as(so)…as…
We’ll give you
as
much help as we
isn’tas(so)active in sports as before.
2.
比较级：表示两者之间比
……
更
……
可用状语
m
uch,alittle,even
等修饰：
Hemadefe
wermistakesthan I did.
He
is even richer than I.
3
、高级：
形容词最高级前必须加
the,
副词最高级前常省略
the
，后面多用
of……
，
in……
短语表示范围：
It
was the most/least interesting story I have ever
listened.
He is the tallest
of the three.
4
、如果在两者之间表示
“
最
……”
时要在比
较级前加
the
，而且还用
of
the
two, of the
pair
短语：
John is the clever of
the two boys.
Of the two boys, John is
the
clever.
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三、重点与难点：
1
、
as…as…
结构：你和
汤姆是一样好的孩子。
You’re a boy as
good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as
Tom.
2
、
(1)too…to
与
so…that ’t…
的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一
个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，
试比较：
The man was too angry to be able
to speak.
The man was so
angry that he wasn’t able to milk was too hot to
milk was so hot that we can’t
drink
it.
(2)
too…to…
与
not enough
to
句型的转换：
He is
too young to get married.=He is not old enough to
get married.
The book is too difficult
for me to read.=
The book
is not easy enough for me
to
read.3
、形容词原级表示比较级含义：
约翰不象迈克那么苯。
John is not so
stupid as Mike.
John is
less stupid than
is cleverer than
Mike.
4
、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生
。
John is taller than any
other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in
the
is taller than :any other boy.
any of the other boy.
all the other boy.
any of the others.
any one else.
5
、
the more….. the
more….
表示
“
越
……
越
……”:
The more books you read, the wider your
knowledge is.
The more food you eat,
the fatter you are.
6
、
more and more….
表示
“
越来
…
…
越
……”:
More and more students realized the
importance of a foreign language.
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Our country is getting stronger and
stronger.
Mid-Autumn Festival
Mid-Autumn Day
形容词前如加
less
和
least
则表示
“
较不<
/p>
“
和
“
最不
“
important
严重
less
important
较不严重
least
important
最不严重
形容词比较级的用法
:
形容词的比较
级用于两个人或事物的比较
,
其结构形式如下
< br>:
主语
+
谓语
(
系动词
)+
形容词比较级<
/p>
+than+
对比成分。也就是
,
含有形容词比较
级的主句
+than+
从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分
,
< br>而只剩下对
比的成分。
Our
teacher is we
are.
我们老师的个子比我们的高。
It is today than it was
yesterday.
今天的天气比昨天暖热。
This picture is than that
one.
这张照片比那张照片幽美。
This meeting is than that
one.
这次会议不如那次会议严重。
The sun is than the
moon.
太阳比月亮大得多。
形容词最高级的用法
:
形容词最高级
用于两个以上的人和物进行比较
,
其结构形式为
:
主语
+
谓语
(
系动词
)+the+
形容
词最高级
+
名词
+
表示范围的短语或从句。
She is student
her class.
她是班上最佳的学生。
Shanghai is one of cities
China.
上海是中国最大城市之一。
This is apple I have ever
met.
这是我见到的最大的苹果。
Tom is boy in his basketball
team.
汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。
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1. This box is___ that one.
A. heavy than B. so heavy than
C. heavier as D. as heavy as
2 When we speak to people, we should be
“ .
A. as polite as possible
B. as polite as possibly
C. as politely
as possible D. as politely as possibly
3 This book is____ that one, but____
than that one.
A. as difficult as;
expensive
B. as more difficult as; more
expensive
C. as difficult as; more
expensive
D. more difficult as; as
expensive
4 I think the story is not so
___ as that one.
A. interesting B.
interested C. more interesting D. most interesting
5 His father began to work____ he was
seven years old.
A. as old as B. as
early as C. since D. while
1. I think
science is _ than Japanese.
A. much
important B. important C. much more important D.
more much
important
( ) 2
This pencil is___ than that one.
^.
longest B. long C. longer D. as long
(
) 3 My mother is no ___ young.
A.
shorter B. longer C. little D. few
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( ) 4 These children are ____ this year
than they were last year.
A. more tall
B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller
( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it
is___ today.
A. even hotter B. more
hotter
C. much more hot D. much hot
6. Mrs Black has got____ instead of
getting any better.
A. more bad B. a
little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse
( ) 1 When we arrived, we found the
meeting room crowded with___ students.
A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D.
a few quite
2 The house is small for a
family of six.
A. much too B. too much
C. very much
3 Through the window we
can see nothing but ____ buildings.
A.
tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many
D. many very tall
4 -
What“s
your brother like?
-He
is___.
A. a driver B. very tall C. my
friend D. at school
5 The jacket was
so___ that he decided to buy it. ,
A.
much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl
6
Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.
A. more B. quite C. very D. much
( ) 1 The earth is about____ as the
moon.
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A. as fifty time big B.
fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty
as times big( ) 2
Your room is mine.
A. twice as large than B. twice the
size of
C. bigger twice than D. as
twice large as
( ) 3 Your room is ___
than mine.
A. three time big B. three
times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three
times( )
4 His father is____than his
mother.
A. older four years B. as
four years older C. four years older D. bigger
four
years( ) 1 Maths is more popular
than____.
A. any other subject B. all
the subjects C. any subject D. other subject
( ) 2 China is larger than ____ in
Africa (^W).
A. any other country B.
other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any
country
( ) 3 Tom is stronger than ___
in his class.
A. any other boy B. any
boys C. any boy D. other boy
( ) 1 When
spring comes, it gets____.
A. warm and
warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D.
shorter and
shorter) 2 By and by, ____
students in our class came to like English. A.
more and
more B. much and muchC. many
and many D. less and least
) 3 At last
he began to cry ___.
A. hard and hard
B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D.
less hard
and less harder) 4 When
spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.
A. short; long B. long; short C.
longer; shorter D. shorter; longer
1___
I look at the picture, ____ I like it.
A. The best; the more B. The more; the
less
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C. The more; less D. More;
the more
2 ___ he read the book, ____
he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting
B. The less; the more interesting C.
The more; the more interested D. More;
more interested 3___ you come back,
_____ it will be.
A, The quicker; the
best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the
better D. The
sooner; better1 I like___
one of the two books.
A. the older B.
oldest C. the oldest D. older
( )2
Which is___country, China or Japan?
A.
the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest
( ) 3 Of the two cups, he bought .
A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small
D: smaller
( ) 1 Which do you like ___,
tea or coffee?
A. well B. better C.
best D. most
( ) 2 This work is ____
for me than for you.
A. difficult B.
most difficult
C. much difficult D.
more difficult
( ) 3 Which do you think
tastes ____, the chicken or the fish?
A. good B. better C. best D. well
( ) 4 The Great Pyramid is about 137
metres high today, but it was once
A.
higher B. highest C. high too D. more high
( ) 5 Don“t you think it ______ not to
write the letter?
A^^ A.
well , B. better C. best D. good
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