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形容词比较级最高级变化形式归纳
●一般单音节词后面直接加
-er , -est
如：
tall
;
cheap; short; quick; thick; light;
cool; warm; quiet; wild; calm
< br>●以不发音的
e
结尾只加
-r<
/p>
，
-st
如：
late-later-
latest
；
large-larger-largest
●
“
以辅音字母
+y”
结尾的词改
y
为
i
，再加
-er, -est
如：
easy-easier-easiest;
pretty-prettier-prettiest; heavy-heavier-heaviest
●以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词（即
重读闭音节词
），双写结尾的辅音
字母再加
er
，
-est
如：
thin-thinner-thinnest;hot-
hotter-hottest; big-bigger-biggest
特别提醒：
new, few, slow,
clean
等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。
●
大部分双音节词和多音节的词
(
即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词
)
，要在
前面加
more
，
most
如
:beautiful-more beautiful-
most beautiful; serious-more serious-the most
serious
特别提醒：以形容前缀
un
构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况
，
如：
unhappy-unhappier-
unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest
特别提醒：
early -earlier-earliest
●由
ing
分词和
-ed
分词演变过来的形容词
(
包
括不规则动词如
know→known)
只能加
more
或
most
来表示它
们的比较级和最高级。
interesting-more
interesting-most
interesting
；
boring-more
boring -most boring;
excited-more
excited-most excited; tired-more tired -most tired
●少数单音节词前面加
more,
most
构成比较级和最高级，这类形容词一般为表语形容<
/p>
词和由过去分词变成的形容词
afraid -more afraid-most afraid; fond- more fond-
most fond; glad -more glad-most glad
bored - more bored- most bored; pleased- more
pleased- most pleased
●下列形容词的比较级和最高级有两种形式
:
既可加
-er/-est
也可加
more/most
strict, friendly,
clever, cruel
●
下
列形容词没有比较级和最高（即表示
“
最高程度
”
或
“
绝对状态
”
的形容词和副词没
有比较级和最高级）
如：
empty, wrong,
perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favourite,
true, right, correct,
不规则变化
good/well-better-best
bad/badly/ill-worse-worst
many/much-more-most little-less-
least
far-farther/further
-farthest/furthest
old-
older/elder-oldest/eldest
特别提醒：
●
further
不仅可以指
“
距离更
远
”
，还可指
“
程度更深
”
。
如：
further study(
进
修
)
；
further educat
ion(
继续教育
)
；
further information
(
进一步的信息
)
●
elder
仅用于同辈之间的排行，如
: elder
sister(
姐姐
) elder brother
(
哥哥
)
●
less
作为
“
更少
< br>”
仅用来修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词表示
“
更少
”
要用
fewer
。
1
副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳
1.
一般副词
(
形容词与副词同形
)
h
ard→ harder →hardest
fast→ faster →fastest
late→
later →latest
early→ earlier
→earliest
2.
特殊副词
（不规则变形）
well
→better →best
much →more →most
badly →worse →worst
little →less →least
3.
开放类副词
开放类副词即以形容词
加后缀
-ly
结尾的副词应在副词原形前加
more
或
most
。
如：
quickly
→more quickly →most quickly
quietly →more quietly →most quietly
slowly
→
more
slowly
→
most slowly
形容词比较级和最高级的用法
1.
三者或三者以上相比
,
最高
,
用“
the
+
最高级
”
的结构表示。
后跟表范围的介词短语
: in our class ,
of them five, of the three, of all , in
China
…
Eg :
Zhanghua is the tallest
. (
三人中
)
(
注意：
John is the
taller of the two boys. (
比较级前定冠词
the
不可省）
)
2.
表示在三者及以上的人或物中进行选择时
,Who /
Which + be +
最高级
, A, B, or C
?
Eg: Who is the tallest, Tom,
Jack, or David? Tom, Jack
与
David
三个人中谁最高？
3.
表示
, “
最
…….
之一
”
的句式
,
用
one of the +
形容词最高级
+
复数名词
a.
Honghong is one of the best students in our
class.
b. SuZhou is one of the most
beautiful cities in China.
4.
< br>当最高级前有物主代词或者名词所有格，省略
the
a. Monday is my busiest day.
星期一是我最忙的一天
.
b. Jack is Jim’s best friend.
Jack
是
Jim
最好的朋友
.
5.
最高级前可加序数词
.
The
Yellow River is the second longest river in
China.
6.
最高级修饰作表语的名词
,
代词时
,
被修饰的词往往省
略
.
eg: He is the
tallest (boy ) in his class.
2
◇比较应在同类事物之间进行。
误：
Your English is better
than me.
正：
Your English is
better than mine.
◇比较级前可以有一
个表示程度的状语，最常见的三大修饰词是：
a little, much,
even
。
以下单词也可用来修饰：
any, far, still,
a lot, yet, rather
。
My sister is a little taller than me.
Their house is much larger than ours.
另外，名词短语也可修饰比较级，说明程度。
I
’
m three years
older than he.
特别提醒：
very,
quite, too
不可修饰比较级。
◇避免重复使用比较级。
误：
He is more kinder to small
animals than I.
正：
He is much
kinder to small animals than I.
误：
He is more cleverer than
his brother.
正：
He is
cleverer than his brother.
◇比较要符合逻辑，在同一范围内比较时，避免将主语含在比较对象中，这时需使用
ot
her
来排除自身。
误：
China is larger that any
country in Asia.
正：
China is
larger than any other country in Asia.
误：
John studies harder than
any student in his class.
正：
John studies harder than
any other student in his class.
正：
John studies harder than
any of the other students in his class.
正：
John studies harder than
anyone else in his class.
◇比较要遵循前后一致的原则，注意前后呼应。
The population of Shanghai is larger
than that of Beijing.
It is easier to
make a plan than to carry it out.
◇序数词通常只修饰最高级。
Africa is the second largest continent.
The Yellow River is the second longest
river in China.
This is the third most
popular song of Michael Jackson.
◇为避免重复，我们通常用
that, those,
one, ones
代替前面出现的名词。
that
代替可数名词单
数和不可数名词，
those
代替可数名词复数。
one
既可指人又可指
物，只能代替可数名词。
The weather in
China is different from that in America.
The book on the table is more
interesting than that(
或
the
one)on the desk.
A box made of steel is
stronger than one made of wood.
误：
In winter, the weather of
Beijing is colder than it of Shanghai.
正：
In winter, the weather of
Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.
◇“否定词
+
比较级”相当于最高级。
----Wait until we get a satisfactory
reply, will you?
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