-
英语副词
xuyouxian
副词(
adve
rb
,简写为
adv
)是一种用来修饰
动词、
形容词
、全句的词,说明时
间、
地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为:
地
点副词
、方式副词、程度副词、
疑问副词
和
连接副词
。
简介
分类
用法
位置
比较等级
副词比较级和最高级的形式
比较级和最高级的基本用法
例题解析
简介
分类
用法
位置
比较等级
副词比较级和最高级的形式
比较级和最高级的基本用法
例题解析
特殊表达法
兼有两种形式的副词
可修饰比较级的词
简介
<
/p>
副词连用顺序:程度副词
+
方式副词
p>
+
地点副词
+
时间
副词。
副词
fùcí
[adverb]
起修饰或限制动词或形容词作用、表程度或范围的词。
分类
1)
时间和频率副词
:
now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,l
ate,next,lastday,
already,generally,frequently,
seldom,ever,never,yet, soon,too,
immediately, finally,shortly, before,
ago,sometimes, yesterday.
once
,
twice
2)
地点副词
:
here, there, everywhere,
anywhere, in, out, inside, outside,
above, below, down, back, forward,
home, upstairs, downstairs,
across,
along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away,
on.
3)
方式副词
:
carefully,
properly,
anxiously,
suddenly,
normally,
fast,
well,
calmly, politely, proudly, softly,
warmly
4)
程度副词
:
much,little,
very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly,
enough, extremely, entirely,almost,
slightly, hardly.
5)
疑问副词
:
how, when,
where, why.
6)
关系副词
:
when, where, why.
how
等。
7)
连接副词
:
therefore,moreover,however,
otherwise,then,when
,where,how,why
等。
用法
<
/p>
副词在句中可作
状语
,
< br>表语
,
补语
,
< br>定语
。
He works hard.
(作状语)
他工作努力。
You speak
English very well.
(作状语)
你英语讲的相当好。
Is she
in ?
(作表语)
她在家吗
?
Let's be
out.
(作表语)
让我们出去吧。
Food
here is hardly to get.
(作状语)
这儿很难弄到食物。
Let
him out!
(作补语)
让他出去!
.
修饰名词的副词放在被修饰词之后
a. The
villagers there are busy getting in wheat
位置
1)
实义动词
之前,
be
< br>动词
、
情态动词
之后。
I am also Bush.
I
can also do that.
I also want to play
that games.
I get up early in the
morning every day.
我每天早早起床。
He gave me a gift yesterday.
他昨天给了我一件礼物。
She
didn't drink water enough.
她喝的水不够。
The
train goes fast.
火车跑得快。
We can go to this school freely.
我们可以免费到这家学校学习。
They left a life hardly then.
当时他们的生活很艰难。
He
has a new hat on today.
他今天戴了一顶新帽子。
I
have seen this film twice with my friends.
这部电影我和朋友看过两次。
2)
副词修饰形容词
,
副词时
,
副词在前面
,
而被修饰的
词在后面。
It's rather easy, I
can do it.
这很容易
,
我能做到。
He did it quite well.
他做得相当好。
It's
rather difficult to tell who is right.
很难说谁是对的。
It's so
important that I must tell my friends.
这件事太重要了,我得告诉我的朋友。
It's much better.
好多了。
3)
< br>频度副词可放在实义动词的前面
,
情态动词和
助动词
的后面。
I
often help him these days.
这些日子我经常帮助他。
I always remember the day
when I first came
to this school.
我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。
You mustn't always help me.
你不能老是帮助我。
He
seldom comes to see us.
他很少来看我们。
We
usually go shopping once a week.
我们通常一周买一次东西。
The
new students don't always go to dance.
新学生并不时常去跳舞。
4)
疑问副词
,
连接副词
,
关系副词以及修饰整
个句子的副词
,
通常放在
句子或从句的
前面。
When do you study everyday?
你每天什么时间学习
?
Can you tell me how you did
it?
你能告诉我你如何做的吗
?
First, let me ask you some
questions.
先让我来问几个问题。
How much does this bike
cost?
这辆车子多少钱?
Either you go or he comes.
不是你去就是他来。
The students were reading
when the teacher came into the
classroom.
当老师进教室时,学生们正在读书。
5)
时间副词和地点副词在一个句中
,
地
点副词在前面
,
时间副词在后
面。
p>
We
went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock
yesterday.
昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了
.
What were you doing in the
classroom yesterday afternoon?
昨天下午你在教室里干什么?
The accident took place in the Eleven
Avenue one hour ago.
一小时前十一号大街发生了一场事故。
6)
否定副词在句首,句子要
倒装
,如:
Never have I felt so
excited!
我从来没有觉得太激动了!
比较等级
副词和形容词一样
,
也有它的
比较级<
/p>
和
最高级
形式
.
可以参考形容词的变
换形式。但以词尾
-ly
结尾的副词(除
early
)须用
more
和
most
。
hard harder hardest
fast faster
fastest
early
earlier earliest
much more most
warmly more warmly most warmly
单音节副词的比较级是在副词后面加上
-er
构成的,最高级是在副词
后面加上
-est
构成的。
near nearer nearest
hard harder
hardest
多音节副词的比较级是在副词的前面加上
-more
构成的。
最高级是
在副词前面加上
-most
构成的。
warmly more warmly most
warmly
successfully more successfully most
successfully
有些副词的比较级和最高级形式是不规则的。
well-better -
best little - less(er) - least
much- more - most badly -
worse - worst
far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest)
副词的比较级和最高级用法同形容词的比较级用法基本一样。
最高级
形式句中
the
可以省略。
He works harder than I.
他比我工作努力。
Lucy gets up earlier than
Lili.
露西比丽丽起床早。
He runs fastest in our
class.
他在我们班跑地最快。
He dives deeper than his teammates.
他比他的队员潜水深。
It's
true that he speak English more fluently than any
of us.
他英语讲的确实比我们任何人都好。
Our school team play football best in
our region.
我们校队在我们地区足球踢得最好的。
副词比较级和最高级的形式
形容词的比较级和最高级构成
A
大多数单音节形容词的比较级和
最高级的构成是在其原级后面加上
-er
和
-est
:
small----smaller----
smallest
new
----newer----newest
B
许多单音节形容词只有一个元音字母,其末尾为一辅音字母
。在比
较级和最高级形式中,这个辅音字母要双写:
big----bigger
----biggest
thin----thinner----thinnest
C
许多
单音节形容词以
-e
结尾,
如
nice
。
这些形容词只需在原级形式
后加
-r
和
-st
large----larger
----largest
nice----nicer----nicest
D
有些形容词以
< br>-y
结尾,而在
-y
前是一个辅
音字母。这些形容词一般
有两个音节。变为比较级和最高级时,
-y
要变成
-i
,末尾再加
-er
和
-est
:
p>
easy
----easier----easiest
heavy----heavier----heaviest
E
但有少数形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记,如:
good----better
----best
bad
----worse----worst
F
大多数较长的形容词(即有两个以上音节的词)可与
more
连用构成
其比较级形式,与
most
连用构成其最高级形式。
比较级和最高级的基本用法
原级比较的基本用法
1.
原级比较由“as+形容词或
副词
(
或再加名词或短语)+as ”构成
“原级相同”比较句,表示两者比较;其否定式,即“程度不及”比较句
型为“no
t so(as) +形容词或副词+as”,而且
as…as
结构前可用
just,
almost, nearly,
quite
等表示程度的词修饰
1)
Walking
briskly
for
thirty
minutes
will
burn
as
many
calories
as
.
〔
A
〕
to
run for fifteen minutes
〔
B
〕
running for fifteen minutes
〔
C
〕
you run for fifteen minutes
〔
D
〕
fifteen?minute walking
2) The gorilla(
大猩猩
)
,
while
〔
A
〕
not quite as curious than
〔
B
〕
the chimpanzee(
黑猩猩
)
,
shows more persistence
〔
C
〕
and memory retention(
记忆力
) in
solving
〔
D
〕
a
problem.
3) Alaska is twice
〔
A
〕
as
larger
〔
B
〕
as
〔
C
〕
the next largest
〔
D
〕
state
,
Texas.
2. “as (so)+名词
+a
s+
名词”进行名词比较,这时一般情况下有一个
表示原级的比
较词,但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词
修饰谓语,应当用
so
而不用
as
4) Thomas Jefferson’s
achievements as an architect rival his
contributions a politician.
〔
A
〕
such
〔
B
〕
more
〔
C
〕
as
〔
D
〕
than
5) I
should say Henry is not much a writer as a
reporter. (88
年考题
)
〔
A
〕
that
〔
B
〕
so
〔
C
〕
this
〔
D
〕
as
3.
表示“是……几倍”时用“twice; three
times
等
+ as
形容
副
词
as...”
eg. 1)This book costs twic
e as much as
that one.
这本书
的价钱是那本书的两倍。
2)He has four
times as many books as I have
他拥有的书是我拥
有的四倍
比较级
1.
比较级由“形容词
(
副词
)
比较级+than+…,”构成表示在两者
中间
一方比另一方“更加…”。
连词
t
han
后可接句子,也可接名词、代词、名
词短语、
介词短语
、动词、
动词不定式
、
?ING
结构和
?ED
结构,有时也可
省去
than
< br>。
6) Natural
mica(
云母
) of
〔
A
〕
a
superior
〔
B
〕
quality is cheapest
〔
C
〕
to
obtain than synthetic
〔
D
〕
mica.
7) She
is older than .
〔
A
〕
any other girl in the group
〔
B
〕
any girl in the group
〔
C
〕
all girls in the group
〔
D
〕
you and me as well as the group
8)
Josephine McCrackin joined
〔
A
〕
the “Santa
Cruz
Sentinel”
in
1905
and,
until her
death
fifteen years late
〔
B
〕
,
remained
〔
C
〕
active in journalistic
〔
D
〕
work.
2.
注意
than
前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致<
/p>
9)
The purpose of the research had a more important
meaning for
them than .
〔
A
〕
ours
〔
B
〕
with us
〔
C
〕
for ours it had
〔
D
〕
it
did for us
10)
Sound travels air.
〔
A
〕
faster through water than through
〔
B
〕
faster than through water and
〔
C
〕
through water faster and
〔
D
〕
where it is faster through water than through
11) Gerbrand von den
Feckhout
,
one of
Rembrand’s pupils,
followed
〔
A
〕
the style of his teacher so implicitly that
〔
B
〕
his paintings
〔
C
〕
are sometimes confused with his master
〔
D
〕
.