-
浙江
2020
高考英
语阅读理解（细节理解）精讲精练（附答案）
高考英语阅读理解常考点分析
阅读理解试题常采用以下四种题型：
1.
考查考生快速捕捉信息、处理信息的能力
(
细节理解题
)
；
2.
考查考生对某个词或词语的理解能力
(
词义猜测题
)
；
3.
考查考生对文章主旨大意或段落大意的概括能力
(
主旨大意题
)
；
4.
考查考生对文章的隐含意义、延伸意义的推理判断能力
(
推理判断题
)
。<
/p>
【细节理解题】
Ⅰ
.
细节理解题一般可分为：直接信
息题、间接信息题和信息综合题。
1.
直接信息题：先看题干，以便在阅读的过程中更快找出相关事实细节。
2.
间接信息题：需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的
概括和判断。
3.
信息综合题：涉
及文章中的几句话，而且有时可能散落在文章的不同地方，因此要把
原文所提供的信息综
合起来分析。
Ⅱ
.
正确答案的特点：与原文信息表达手法不同，但所表达的意思相同。
Ⅲ
.
干扰项的特点：
1.
是原文信息，但与题目要求不符；
2.
符合常识，但不符合原文内容；
3.
与原文信息极为相似，只是在程度上有些不同；
4.
选项中所提供的信息部分正确，部分错误；
5.
在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。
【真题回放一】
How
did
Mr.
Plowright
let
people
know
what
he
was
doing? Why,
he
advertised,
of
course.
First he opened a
shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to
attract customers.
That sign
may have been no more than a plow
carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow
pointing to the
shop door. It was
probably all the information people needed to find
Mr. Plowright and his really
good
plows.
（
2019
浙江卷阅读
理解
A
篇）
42. To advertise his plows, Mr.
Plowright
.
第
1
页（
共
11
页）
A. praised his plows in public
B. placed a sign outside
the shop
C. hung an arrow pointing to
the shop
D.
showed his products to the customers
42. B
。
这是一道直接信息题。<
/p>
该段摘自原文第四段，
根据该段中的
Fi
rst he opened a shop and
then he put up
a sign outside the shop to attract customers
可知，
为了推销自己的犁，
Mr.
Plowright
在商店外面放了一个牌子。
【讲解配题】
2020
高考英语阅读理解集训。
<
/p>
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
）中，选出最佳选项。
Coffee is one of the most popular
drinks throughout the world today. In fact,
according to some
estimates, over 30%
of all adults in the world drink coffee at least
once a day on the average. Coffee
contains a kind of drug called
caffeine. Caffeine is a chemical that stimulates
(
刺激
) the nerves of the
body. Drinking coffee tends to make
people a little bit more awake―at least for a
short
time―because of this stimulating
effect on the ne
rvous system. A cup of
coffee has, on the average,
about 3%
caffeine in it.
One story of the
discovery of the coffee plant relates to this
effect of caffeine. According to the story,
coffee was discovered in East Africa.
The story says that coffee was first found by a
goat farmer
named Kaldi. This was about
the year 850. Kaldi was leading his animals
through the mountains and
the goats
were stopping repeatedly to eat the plants near
the path. Suddenly, some of the goats
started jumping up and down in a very
strange way. Kaldi figured out that the goats were
acting this
way because of the plants
they were eating. Kaldi himself tried eating some
of the green beans (
豆荚
)
that the goats had been eating. He,
too, felt the stimulating effect of the beans.
Kaldi wanted to
prove what had
happened, so he picked some of the beans and took
them back to the village, where
he told
his story.
The green bean got the name
place called Kaffa in Africa. Then for
years, people used to eat a few of the green Kaffa
beans when
they were in the mountains
and needed extra energy to do their work. It was
later found that the
coffee beans could
be picked and then dried until they turned brown,
and then they could be stored.
第
2
页（共
11
页）
If the beans were
dried and stored, they could be used at any time.
is the purpose of drinking coffee?
A. To become more awake.
C. To become more happy.
B. To become
more healthy.
D. To become more clever.
did the goats react after eating the
plants?
A. They fell asleep.
B. They could not find
their way home.
D. They wanted to eat
more.
C. They started jumping up and
down.
did the green bean
get the name
A. Because Kaldi loved his
home village very much.
B. Because
Kaldi's goats loved the green bean very much.
C. Because the beans were discovered in
a place by this name.
D. Because the
beans could be picked and dried.
【参考答案】
1.A
【解析】
试题分析：本文为我们介绍
了咖啡豆。通过一个牧羊人的故事为我们讲述了咖啡豆名字的起源
及其产地和作用。
1.
理解题。从第一段中
“Drinking coffee tends to make people a little
bit more awake”
中可以看出咖
啡豆的作用是使
人变得清醒，故选
A
。
2.
细节理解题。
从文中第二段中
< br>“Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very
strange way.”
可以看出吃了这种植物后，一些羊开始以很奇怪的方式的跳上跳下，故选
C
。
3.
细节理解
题。
从最后一段第一句
“The green bean
got the name
a
the beans were
discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa.”
可知，这种青豆开始叫
“Kaffa”
后来变为
“
咖啡
”
是因
为它是在非洲一个叫
Kaffa
的地方被发现的，故选
C
。
考点：事物说明类阅读
【真题回放二】
In
college
I had
been taught
that a successful educator
should ignore bad behavior. So
I did,
confident that, as the textbook had
said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave
my students
第
3
页（共
11
页）
2.C
3.C
positive
attention.
It
sounds
reasonable,
but
the
text
evidently
ignored
the
fact
that
humans,
particularly
teenagers, rarely seem
reasonable.
（
2020
浙江卷阅读理解
D
篇）
56. According to the passage, which of
the following is most probably
the
writer’s problem as a
new teacher?
A. She had blind trust in what she
learnt at college.
B. She didn’t ask
experienced teachers for advice.
C. She took too much time off to eat
and sleep.
D. She didn’t like teaching
English literature.
56. A
。
这是一道间接信息题。
该段摘自原文第四段
的部分内容，
根据
So I did, confident
that,
as the textbook had said, the bad
behavior would disappear as I gave my students
positive attention
可知，作者特别相信从书本上学到的东西，这种
盲目的相信让她在实际教学中遇到了困难。
【讲解配题】
阅读理解。
I shall never forget the day when the
earthquake took time was about 5 o’clock in the
afternoon and I was driving along the
road to take my daughter from plan was to go
swimming together.I had finished my
work at 4
o’clock and then gone to the
Post I
stopped off at a shop in order
to get some fresh liked to have some fruit to eat
after our swim.
I was driving along a
high road on my way to my daughter’s my road was
another road
which was built like a
bridge for cars coming to the other way.I was
hungry so I put the bag of apples
in
the seat beside me and started to eat one.
Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me
start to move from side to my car started to
shake
！
I
didn’t
know
what was s something had gone
wrong with my car.I drove a little more
slowly and then I stopped the car and
at the same moment the road fell onto the car in
front
of me.
I
found myself in the dark.I couldn’t bottom parts
of both
of my legs and my feet were
hurting badly and I couldn’t move
around me was above me I could hear shouts
第
4
页（共
11
页）
and a
lot of I memorized (
记起
)
what had happened.I had been in an earthquake.
For about two hours nobody y I could
reach the bag of apples
，
so
at least I had plenty to
I heard
people climbing towards me.A team of people had
come to see if anyone was under
the
broken road.I called
out
，
“I’m
here
！
” I heard a a stranger
climbed to the side of the
roa
d near my car.“How are
you doing
？
” he
asked.
“Not too
bad
，
” I
said
，
“But my feet and legs
feel as if they’re broken.”“We’ll have you out of
there
just as soon as we can.” They
didn’t get me out until the next morning.I had
been in my car for
fourteen hours.
1
．
When the
earthquake took place
，
the
writer was________.
A
．
on his way to
the Post Office
C
．
doing some
shopping
B
．
stopping off at
a shop
D
．
under a
road built like a bridge
解析：
从第二段最后一句话可知，当地震发生时，作者正开车行驶在一条像桥一样的路的下
面。这条路塌了下来，砸在了他的车上。
答案：
D
2
．
The writer’s
car
began to move from side to
side because________.
A
．
there was
something wrong with his car
B
．
he ate apples
as he drove
C
．
an
earthquake began to happen
D
．
he drove too
fast
解析：
feel
是系动词，后面跟有表语，我们知道当
tire
成
tiring
和
tired
时，才起到形容词的
作用。
答案：
C
3
．
Which of the
following is True according to the passage?
A
．
When the
earthquake happened
，
the
writer was with his daughter together.
B
．
The writer’s
legs and feet were badly wounded in the
earthquake.
C
．
The writer was
saved as soon as the stranger climbed up the road.
D
．
The writer was
so frightened that he forgot everything that
happened around him.
解析：
从短文的内容可知，作者在接他女儿之前发生了地震。因此，在地震发生时，他并没
有和他女儿在一起。又从最后一段可知，他被救出时，已经到了第二天上午。因此，也不是在
那位陌生人一看到他就把他救了出来。再从他被砸在路下面后不久，他就记起了所发生的事，<
/p>
所以，他并没有吓得什么也想不起来。只有他的腿和脚被严重砸伤是真实的。
第
5
页（共
11
页）
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