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初二上册英语补习班名补教案
目标提高班
名师培优精讲
专项语法讲练
——
一般过去时
【教学内容】
【概念引入】
一般过去时是初中英语
中非常重要的一个时态。
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的
状态，有时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
例如：
He left home
at half past five yesterday.
他昨天五点离开家的。
Li
Ming always went to work by bike in the past.
过去李明总是骑自行车去上班。
【语法讲解】
I
、用法：
1.
表示在过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：
Lin Tao left for Shanghai at 8:00
yesterday morning.
林涛昨天早上八点去上海了。
He was ill last
night.
昨晚他生病了。
2.
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。例如：
Li Tao always
went to school by bus last term.
上学期李涛一直乘公共汽车上学。
3.
表示已故的人曾经做过的事情。例如：
Lao She wrote
many great works.
老舍写过许多脍炙人口的作品。
1
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10
4.
表示过去所发生的一系列的动作。例如：
The
old man came into the room, took off his clothes
and went to bed.
这位老人走进屋，脱下衣服，然后上床睡觉了。
Mr. Black got
up at six o'clock this morning, dressed, had
breakfast, and went to work.
布莱克先生今天早上六点起床、穿衣服、吃饭，然后去上班了。
II
、
一般过去时如何识别？
每个时态，
都会有
其独特的标志性词语
（主要是时间状语）
。
可以称其为“标志词”。通常来讲，一般过去时常见的标志词有：
1. yesterday, the day before yesterday.
2. last week / year / month / term
…
(
简称
last
系列
)
3. two hours
ago, three years ago, a moment ago
…
(
简称
ago
系列
)
4. in / on +
过去的年
/
月
/
日，如
in 2019, in April, 2019
5. just now, once upon a time, one day<
/p>
…
III
、分类：
1.
含有
be
< br>动词的一般过去时：
系动词
be
的过去式有两种形式：
was
和
were
。其中
was
是
am
和
is
的过去式，
were
是
are
的过去式。含有
was
< br>和
were
的句子的转换方式与含有
am
/
is
/are
的句子相似，即：
否定句在
was
或
were
后加
not
(was not
可缩略成
wasn
’
t
，
were not
可缩略成
weren
’
t);
疑问句
是把
was
或
were
提前放在句首。
例如：
He was in
Grade 6 last year. (
肯定句
)
→
He was not
(wasn
’
t) in Grade 6 last
year. (
否定句
)
→
Was he in Grade 6 last
year? (
一般疑问句
)
There were many trees here years ago.
(
肯定句
)
→
There were not
(weren
’
t) many trees here
years ago. (
否定句
)
→
Were there many trees here
years ago? (
一般疑问句
)
2.
含有实义动词的一般过去时：
(1)
常见句式：主语
+
v.
-ed +
其它（宾语
/
状语
/
表语……）例如：
He Lived in Guangzhou 5 years ago.
2
/
10
五年前他住在广州。
I met one of my
classmates in the street yesterday.
昨天我在大街上遇见了一位同班同学。
(2)
动词过去时的变化可分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则
变化如下：
1)
一般情况下在动词原形后直接加
-ed
。例如：
wanted
；
played
。
2)
以不发音的字母
e
结尾的动词，在单词末尾直接加字母
d
。例如：
hoped
；
lived
3)
重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母再加
-ed
。例如：
shopped
< br>；
stopped
4)
以辅
音字母
+y
结尾的动词变
y
为
i
，再加
-ed
。例如：
studied
；
< br>worried
IV
、一般过去时的否定和疑问句
1.
含有
be
动词的句子
含有
be
动词的句子在变成否定句时，在
be
动词之后加
not
；在变成疑问句时，直接将
be
动词提到主语之前，并在句尾加上问号。如果是特殊疑问句，则在句首加上相应的
特殊疑问词即可。例如：
He was born in 2019.
他出生于
2019
年。
→
He
wasn
’
t born in 2019.
They were at
home at that moment.
当时他们在家里。
→
They were not
at home at that moment.
—
Was he born in
2019?
他是出生于
2019
年吗
？
—
No, he wasn
’
t.
不，他不是。
—
When was he
born?
他是什么时候出生的？
—
He was born in
2019.
他出生于
2019
年。
2.
含有行为动词的句子
含有行为动词的
句子在变成否定句或疑问句时，则需要助动词
did
来帮助完成
。在进行
变化时，将助动词放在行为动词的前边（否定句）或句首（疑问句），同时将该
行为动词还
原成原形。例如：
Mr. Liu lived in Beijing twenty years
ago.
二十年前，刘先生住在北京。
3
/
10
→
Mr. Liu
didn
’
t live in Beijing
twenty years ago.
二十年前，刘先生没有住在北京。
→
—
Did Mr. Liu live in Beijing twenty
years ago?
二十年前刘先生住在北京吗？
—
No, he
didn
’
t. / Yes, he did.
不是。
/
是的。
巧记：
行为动词一般过去时用法歌诀：
动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事。句中谓语用过去时，过去时间作标记。否定句，很<
/p>
简单，主语后面
didn’t
添。疑问构
成也有法，主语前把
did
加。还有一点不能删，后面的动
词要还原。
【过手练习】
Ⅰ
.
单项选择。
1. My
mother ______ an important meeting last night.
A. has
B. have
C. had
D.
will have
2.
－
_______ your sister _______
her homework yesterday?
－
No, she didn’t.
A. Does; does
B. Did; do
C. Did; did
D. Is; did
3. Your sister
_______ her friend last Sunday.
A.
isn’t visit
B. doesn’t visit
C.
didn’t visit
D. won’t visit
4.
－
When ____ you _____ this
article?
－
I
______ it last week.
A. will; write;
write
B. do;
write; wrote
C.
did; write; wrote
D. did;
write; write
5. Tommy is looking for
the watch his uncle ____ him last month.
A.
gives
B. gave
C. to give
D. has given
6.
—
When ______
you _______ the bike?
—
Last
month.
A. have; bought
B. had; bought
C. do; buy
D. did; buy
7.
—
_____ was your vacation?
—
It was great.
A. Where
B. How
C. What
D. When
4
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10
8.
—
______ did they go last
Friday evening?
—
In the
park.
A. Which
B. When
C. What
D. Where
9.
—
When ______ you
come here?
—
Two
years ago. I have been here for two years.
A. do
B. will
C. did
D. have
10.
—
Hi, Kate. You look tired. What’s the
matter?
—
I
______ well last night.
A. didn’t sleep
B. don’t sleep
C. haven’t slept
D. won’t sleep
11. I ______ late for the class because
I ______ill yesterday.
A. were; were
B.
am; were
C. am; am
D. was; was
12.
There ______ a film in the cinema last night.
A. is
B. was
C. were
D.
are
13. It ______ cold yesterday, but
it ______ warm today.
A. is; is
B.
was; was
C. is; was
D. was; is
14.
There ______ a ball and two books on the table
just now.
A. is
B. was
C. were
D.
are
15. Last Sunday my aunt ______ at
home with me. We were watching TV all day.
A. was
B. were
C.
is
D. are
真题链接
1.
—
What did you do for your
mom on her birthday?
（
2019
北京门头沟
一模）
—
Iher a birthday cake.
A. buy
B. boughtC.
will buy
D.
have bought
2.
—
Has Mary ever visited Tower Bridge?
（
2019
沈阳中考）
—
Yes. She ______ it two
years ago.
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