法律渊源法律术语翻译

法律渊源

source of law

制定法

statute

判例法

case law; precedent

普通法

common law

特别法

special law

固有法

native law; indigenous law

继受法

adopted law

实体法

substantial law

程序

法

procedural law

原则法

fundamental law

例外法

exception law

司法解释

judicial

interpretation

习惯法

customary law

公序良俗

public order and moral

自然法

natural law

罗马

法

Roman Law

私法

private law

公法

public law

市民法

jus

caviled

万民法

jus gonium

民法

法系

civil law system

英美法系

system of Anglo-American law

大陆法系

civil law system

普通

法

common law

大陆法

continental law

罗马法系

Roman law system

衡平法

equity; Law of

equity

日尔曼法

German tic law

教会法

ecclesiastical law

寺院法

canon law

伊斯兰法

Islamic

law

民法法律规范

norm of civil law

授权规范

authorization norm

禁止规范

forbidding norm

义务性规范

obligatory norm

命令性规范

commanding norm

民法基本原则

fundamental

principles of civil law

平等原则

principle of equality

自愿原则

principle of free will

公平原则

principle of justice

等价有偿原则

principle of equal value exchange

诚实信用原则

principle of

good faith

行为、

作为

act

不作为

omission

合法行为

lawful act

违法行为

unlawful act

民事权

利权利能力

civil right

绝对权

absolute right

相对权

relative right

优先权

right of priority

先买

权

preemption

原权

antecedent right

救济权

right of relief

支配权

right of dominion

请求权

right of claim

物上请求权

right of claim for real thing

形成权

right of formation

撤销权

right of

claiming cancellation

否认权

right of claiming cancellation

解除权

right of renouncement

代位

权

subrogated right

选择权

right of choice

承认权

right of admission

终止权

right of termination

抗辩权

right of defense

一时性抗辩权

momentary right of defense

永久性抗辩权

permanent

counter-argument right

不安抗辩权

unstable counter-argument right

同时履行抗辩权

defense

right of simultaneous performance

既得权

tested right

期待权

expectant right

专属权

exclusive

right

非专属权

non-exclusive right

人身权利

personal right

人权

human right

人格权

right of

personality

生命健康权

right of life and health

姓名权

right of name

名称权

right of name

肖像

权

right of portraiture

自由权

right of freedom

名誉权

right reputation

隐私权

right of privacy

私生活秘密权

right of privacy

贞操权

virginity right

身份权

right of status

亲权

parental

power; Parental right

亲属权

right of relative

探视权

visitation right

配偶权

right of spouse

荣誉

权

right of honor

权利的保护

protection of right

公力救济

public protection

私力救济

self- protection

权利本位

standard of right

社会本位

standard of society

无责任行为

irresponsible right

正当防卫

justifiable right; legitimate defense

防卫行为

act of defense

自为行

为

self-conducting act

紧急避险

act of rescue; necessity

自助行为

act of self- help

不可抗力

force

majored

意外事件

accident

行为能力

capacity for act

意思能力

capacity of will

民事行为

civil act

意思表示

declaration of intention

意思表示一致

meeting of minds; consensus

完全行为

能力

perfect capacity for act

限制行为能力

restrictive capacity for act

准禁治产人

quasi- interdicted person

保佐

protection

自治产人

minor who is capable of administering his

own capacity

无行为能力

incapacity for act

禁治产人

interdicted person

自然人

natural person

公民

citizen

住所

domicile

居所

residence

经常居住地

frequently dwelling place

户籍

census

register

监护

guardianship

个体工商户

individual business

农村承包经营户

lease holding rural

household

合伙

partnership

合伙人

partner

合伙协议

partnership agreement

合伙财产

property

of partnership

合伙债务

debt of partnership

入伙

join partnership

退伙

withdrawal from

partnership

合伙企业

partnership business establishment

个人合伙

partnership

法人合伙

partnership of legal person

特别合伙

special partnership

普通合伙

general partnership

有限合伙

limited partnership

民事合伙

civil partnership

隐名合伙

sleeping partnership; dormant

partnership

私营企业

private enterprise; proprietorship

法人

legal person

企业法人

legal body

of enterprise

企业集团

group of enterprise

关联企业

affiliate enterprise

个人独资企业

individual business establishment

国有独资企业

solely state-owned enterprise

中外合资企业

Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise

中外合作企业

Sino-foreign contractual enterprise

社团法人

legal body of mass organization

财团法人

legal body of financial group

联营

joint venture

法人

型联营

association of legal persons

合伙型联营

coordinated management in partnership

协作型

联营

cooperation-type coordinated management

合作社

cooperative

民事法律行为

civil legal

act

单方民事法律行为

unilateral civil legal act

双方民事法律行为

bilateral civil legal act

多方

民事法律行为

joint act civil legal act

有偿民事法律行为

civil legal act with consideration

无偿

民事法律行为

civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award

实践性民事法

律行为

practical civil legal act

法律翻译公司诺成性民事法律行为

congenital

civil legal act

要

式民事法律行为

formal civil legal act

不要式民事法律行为

informal civil legal act

要因民事

法律行为

causative civil legal act

不要因民事法律行为

nuncupative

civil legal act

主民事法律

行为

principal civil legal act

从民事法律行为

accessory civil legal act

附条件民事法律行为

conditional civil legal act

附期限民事法律行为

civil legal act with term

生前民事法律行为

civil legal act before death

死后民事法律行为

civil legal act after death

准民事法律行为

quasi-civil legal act

无效行为

ineffective act

可撤销民事行为

revocable civil act

违法行为

illegal act; unlawful act

侵权行为

tort

欺诈

fraud

胁迫

duress

乘人之危

taking advantage of

others’ precarious position

以合法形式掩盖非法目的

legal form concealing illegal intention

恶

意串通

malicious collaboration

重大误解

gross misunderstanding

显失公平

obvious unjust

误

传

< br>misrepresentation

代理

agency

本人

principal

被代理人

principal

受托人

trustee

代理人

agent

本代理人

original agent

法定代理人

statutory agent; legal agent

委托代理人

agent by

mandate

指定代理人

designated agent

复代理人

subagent

再代理人

subagent

转代理人

subagent

代理权

right of agency

授权行为

act of authorization

授权委托书

power of attorney

代理行为

act of agency

委托代理

agency by mandate

本代理

original agency

复代理

sub

agency

次代理

sub agency

有权代理

authorized agency

表见代理

agency by

estoppels

; apparent

agency

律师代理

agency by lawyer

普通代理

general agency

全权代理

general agency

全权代

理委托书

general power of attorney

共同代理

joint agency

独家代理

sole agency

居间

brokerage

居间人

broker

行纪

commission; broker house

信托

trust

时效

time limit;

prescription; limitation

时效中止

suspension of prescription/limitation

时效中断

interruption of

limitation/p rescription

时效延长

extension of limitation

取得时效

acquisitive prescription

时效

终止

lapse of time; termination of prescription

期日

date

期间

term

涉外民事关系

civil

relations with foreign elements

冲突规范

rule of conflict

准据法

applicable law; governing law

反致

envoi

; remission

转致

transmission

识别

identification

公共秩序保留

reserve of public

order

法律规避

evasion of law

国籍

nationality

国有化

nationalization

法律责任

legal liability

民事责任

civil liability/responsibility

行政责任

administrative liability/responsibility

刑事责任

criminal liability/responsibility

违约责任

liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default

有限责任

limited liability

无限责任

unlimited liability

按份责任

shared/several liability

连带责

任

joint and several liability

过失责任

liability for negligence; negligent liability

过错责任

fault

liability; liability for fault

单独过错

sole fault

共同过错

joint fault

混合过错

mixed fault

被害人

过错

victim’s fault

第三人过错

third party’s fault

推定过错

presumptive fault

恶意

bad faith;

malice

故意

deliberate intention; intention; willfulness

过失

negligence

重大过失

gross

negligence

疏忽大意的过失

careless and inadvertent negligence

过于自信的过失

negligence

with undue assumption

损害事实

facts of damage

有形损失

tangible damage/loss

无形损失

intangible damage/loss

财产损失

property damage/loss

人身损失

personal damage/loss

精神损

失

spiritual damage/loss

民事责任承担方式

methods of bearing civil liability

停止侵害

cease

the infringing act

排除妨碍

exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle

消除危险

elimination of

danger

返还财产

restitution of property

恢复原状

restitution; restitution of original state

赔偿损

失

compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss

支付违约金

payment of liquidated damage

消除

影响

eliminate ill effects

恢复名誉

rehabilitate one’s reputation

赔礼道歉

extend a formal

apology

物权

jus ad

ram

; right in

ram

; real right

物权制度

real right system; right in

ram

system

一物一权原则

the principal of One thing, One Right

物权法定主义

principal of legality of right

in

ram

物权公示原则

principal of public summons of right in

ram

物权法

jus

rearm

物

property

生产资料

raw material for production

生活资料

means of livelihood; means of subsistence

流通

物

res in

commercial

; a thing in commerce

限制流通物

limited merchantable thing

禁止流通物

res extra

commercial

; a thing out of commerce

资产

asset

固定资产

fixed asset

流动资产

current asset; floating asset

动产

movables; chattel

不动产

immovable; real estate

特定物

res

cerate

; a certain thing

种类物

genus; indefinite thing

可分物

res

divisible

; divisible things

不可分

物

res

indivisibles

; indivisible things

主物

res

capitals

; a principal thing

从物

res

accessorial

; an

accessory thing

原物

original thing

孳息

fruits

天然孳息

natural fruits

法定孳息

legal fruits

无

主物

bona

vacation

; vacant goods; ownerless goods

遗失物

lost property

漂流物

drifting object

埋藏物

for tuna

; hidden property

货币

currency

证券

securities

债券

bond

物权分类

classification of right in

ram

/real right

自物权

jus in

raptorial

; right of full ownership

所有权

dominium; ownership; title

所有权凭证

document of title; title of ownership

占有权

dominium

utile; equitable ownership

使用权

right of use; right to use of

收益权

right to earnings; right to

yields

处分权

right of disposing; jus

desponded

善意占有

possession in good faith

恶意占有

malicious possession

按份共有

several possession

共同共有

joint possession

他物权

jus in re

alien

用益物权

real right for usufruct

使用权

right to use; right of use

土地使用权

right to the

use of land

林权

forest ownership

采矿权

mining ownership

经营权

managerial authority; power

of management

承包经营权

right to contracted management

相邻权

neighboring right;

related

right

地上权

superficies

永佃权

jus

emphyteuticum

; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity

through a contract

地役权

servitude; easement

人役权

Servetus

persona rum

; personal servitude

担保物权

real right for security

物的担保

security for thing

物的瑕疵担保

warranty against

defect of a thing

抵押权

hypo theca

; hypothecation; right to mortgage

抵押权的设定

creation of

right to mortgage

抵押人

mortgagor

抵押权人

mortgagee

抵押标的物

collateral; estate under

mortgage

抵押权的效力

defect

of right to mortgage

抵押权的次序

sequence of right to

mortgage

抵押权的抛弃

abandonment of right to mortgage

抵押权的让与

alienation of right to

mortgage

抵押权的实现

materialization of right to mortgage

抵押权的消灭

extinction of right

tomortgageregistration

of estate under mortgage

抵押物登记

registration of estate under

mortgage

抵押优先权

priority of mortgage

留置权

lien

一般留置权

general lien

特别留置权

special lien

质权

hypotenuse

; pledge; right of pledge

佃权

tenant right

债权

jus in

persona

; right

to give or procure; claim; creditor’s right

债权人

creditor

债务人

debtor

相对人

counterpart;

offered

给付

give; pay

债务

debt; liability; obligation

债务的偿还

payment of debt

债务的偿清

discharge of debt

债务的担保

guarantee of debt

债务的合并

consolidation of debt

债务的给付

日期

debt maturity

债务的免除

exemption of debt

债的分类

obligation

; Obligation

法定之债

legal obligation

任意之债

voluntary obligation

简单之债

simple obligation

选择之债

alternative obligation

主债

prime/principal obligation

从债

accessory obligation

单一之债

single

obligation

按份之债

several obligation

连带之债

joint obligation

特定之债

certain obligation

种

类之债

indefinite obligation

合同之债

contractual obligation

侵权行为之债

tort obligation

损害

赔偿之债

obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages

人身损害

damage to

person

精神损害

moral/mental/spiritual damage

医药费

hospital treatment expense

医疗费

medical charge

抚恤金

pension

慰问金

consolation money

产品瑕疵

defect of product

不当得

利

unjust enrichment

无因管理

voluntary service

债的担保

guarantee of obligation

财产担保

property guarantee

信用担保

credit guarantee

让与担保

alienation guarantee

保证

guara nty

明示

保证

express guaranty

默示保证

implied guaranty

保证人

guarantor

保证合同

contract of

guaranty/

surety ship

保证金

guaranty bond; security deposit

押金

deposit;

fore gift

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